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Aqueous-phase formation of N-containing secondary organic compounds affected by the ionic strength

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 88-101页

作者： Yuqi Gan Xiaohui Lu Shaodong Chen Xinghua Jiang Shanye Yang Xiewen Ma Mei Li Fan Yang Yewen Shi Xiaofei Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Great Bay Area Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air PollutionJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina Environmental Monitoring Station of Pudong New District Shanghai 201200China Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control&Prevention Shanghai 200336China

The reaction of carbonyl-to-imine/hemiaminal conversion in the atmospheric aqueous phase is a critical pathway to produce the light-absorbing N-containing secondary organic compounds(SOC).The formation mechanism of these compounds has been wildly investigated in bulk solutions with a low ionic ***,the ionic strength in the aqueous phase of the polluted atmosphere may be *** is still unclear whether and to what extent the inorganic ions can affect the SOC *** we prepared the bulk solution with certain ionic strength,in which glyoxal and ammonium were mixed to mimic the aqueous-phase *** characterization by High-resolution Mass Spectrometry was performed to identify the N-containing products,and the light absorption of the mixtures was measured by ultraviolet-visible ***-nine N-containing compounds were identified and divided into four categories(N-heterocyclic chromophores,high-molecular-weight compounds with N-heterocycle,aliphatic imines/hemiaminals,and the unclassified).It was observed that the longer reaction time and higher ionic strength led to the formation of more N-heterocyclic chromophores and the increasing of the lightabsorbance of the *** added inorganic ions were proposed to make the aqueous phase somewhat viscous so that the molecules were prone to undergo consecutive and intramolecular reactions to form the *** general,this study revealed that the enhanced ionic strength and prolonged reaction time had the promotion effect on the lightabsorbing SOC *** implies that the aldehyde-derived aqueous-phase SOC would contribute more light-absorbing particulate matter in the industrial or populated area where inorganic ions are abundant.

关键词： Ionic strength Carbonyl-to-imine/hemiaminal Heterocyclic Brown carbon Mass spectrometry Aqueous-phase reaction

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A data selection method for matrix effects and uncertainty reduction for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第7期25卷 82-89页

作者：龙杰宋惟然侯宗余王哲 State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Systems International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy InnovationDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua UniversityTaiyuan 030032People’s Republic of China

Severe matrix effects and high signal uncertainty are two key bottlenecks for the quantitative performance and wide applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS).Based on the understanding that the superposition of both matrix effects and signal uncertainty directly affects plasma parameters and further influences spectral intensity and LIBS quantification performance,a data selection method based on plasma temperature matching(DSPTM)was proposed to reduce both matrix effects and signal *** selecting spectra with smaller plasma temperature differences for all samples,the proposed method was able to build up the quantification model to rely more on spectra with smaller matrix effects and signal uncertainty,therefore improving final quantification *** applied to quantitative analysis of the zinc content in brass alloys,it was found that both accuracy and precision were improved using either a univariate model or multiple linear regression(MLR).More specifically,for the univariate model,the root-mean-square error of prediction(RMSEP),the determination coefficients(R^(2))and relative standard derivation(RSD)were improved from 3.30%,0.864 and 18.8%to 1.06%,0.986 and 13.5%,respectively;while for MLR,RMSEP,R^(2)and RSD were improved from 3.22%,0.871 and 26.2%to 1.07%,0.986 and 17.4%,*** results prove that DSPTM can be used as an effective method to reduce matrix effects and improve repeatability by selecting reliable data.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) quantification uncertainty univariate/multivariate analysis matrix effects temperature matching

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Numerical Simulation of Streamer Discharge in Transformer Oil Under Various Ionization Energies 19th

Numerical Simulation of Streamer Discharge in Transformer Oi...

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19th Annual Conference of China Electrotechnical Society, ACCES 2024

作者： Bao, Yanyan Liang, Shaobin Wang, Feng Zhang, Guangdong Chen, Jianning Zhou, Yuanxiang State Grid Gansu Electric Power Research Institute Lanzhou730070 China State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Beijing100084 China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819613786

Discharge in transformer oil is one of the primary causes of transformer failures. The physical mechanisms of oil discharges are not yet fully understood. Scholars have simulated the discharge process with electrodynamics model, but there is limited research on how the ionization energy, which changes due to various factors such as components and temperature of transformer oil, affect the streamer discharge characteristic. To improve the mechanism of discharge in transformer oil, this paper adopts an electrohydrodynamic model to study the impact of different ionization energies on the streamer discharge characteristics of transformer oil, including initiation voltage, discharge voltage, development speed, and electric field strength. When the ionization energy is between 6.1 eV and 8.1 eV, the initiation voltage and discharge voltage increase linearly with the ionization energy. Within the range of 7.1 eV to 8.1 eV, the time in the streamer accumulation phase increases exponentially with the ionization energy, while the streamer development speed decreases. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Electrohydrodynamics

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Incorporating empirical knowledge into data-driven variable selection for quantitative analysis of coal ash content by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第7期26卷 148-156页

作者：吕一涵宋惟然侯宗余王哲 State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy InnovationDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China School of Energy and Electrical Engineering Qinghai UniversityXining 810016People’s Republic of China Tsinghua University Shanxi Research Institute Clean EnergyTaiyuan 030032People’s Republic of China

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)has become a widely used atomic spectroscopic technique for rapid coal ***,the vast amount of spectral information in LIBS contains signal uncertainty,which can affect its quantification *** this work,we propose a hybrid variable selection method to improve the performance of LIBS *** variables are first identified using Pearson's correlation coefficient,mutual information,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)and random forest,and then filtered and combined with empirical variables related to fingerprint elements of coal ash ***,these variables are fed into a partial least squares regression(PLSR).Additionally,in some models,certain variables unrelated to ash content are removed manually to study the impact of variable deselection on model *** proposed hybrid strategy was tested on three LIBS datasets for quantitative analysis of coal ash content and compared with the corresponding data-driven baseline *** is significantly better than the variable selection only method based on empirical knowledge and in most cases outperforms the baseline *** results showed that on all three datasets the hybrid strategy for variable selection combining empirical knowledge and data-driven algorithms achieved the lowest root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP)values of 1.605,3.478 and 1.647,respectively,which were significantly lower than those obtained from multiple linear regression using only 12 empirical variables,which are 1.959,3.718 and 2.181,*** LASSO-PLSR model with empirical support and 20 selected variables exhibited a significantly improved performance after variable deselection,with RMSEP values dropping from 1.635,3.962 and 1.647 to 1.483,3.086 and 1.567,*** results demonstrate that using empirical knowledge as a support for datadriven variable selection can be a viable approach to improve the acc

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) coal ash content quantitative analysis variable selection empirical knowledge partial least squares regression(PLSR)

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A Framework of LSTM Neural Network Model in Multi-Time Scale Real-Time Prediction of Ship Motions in Head Waves

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船舶力学 2024年第12期28卷 1803-1819页

作者： CHEN Zhan-yang ZHAN Zheng-yong CHANG Shao-ping XU Shao-feng LIU Xing-yun Department of Ocean Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology at WeihaiWeihai 264209China State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Flight Control System Department AVIC Xi'an Flight Automatic Control Research InstituteXi'an 710065China

Ship motions induced by waves have a significant impact on the efficiency and safety of offshore ***-time prediction of ship motions in the next few seconds plays a crucial role in performing sensitive ***,the obvious memory effect of ship motion time series brings certain difficulty to rapid and accurate ***,a real-time framework based on the Long-Short Term Memory(LSTM)neural network model is proposed to predict ship motions in regular and irregular head waves.A 15000 TEU container ship model is employed to illustrate the proposed *** numerical implementation and the real-time ship motion prediction in irregular head waves corresponding to the different time scales are carried out based on the container ship *** related experimental data were employed to verify the numerical simulation *** results show that the proposed method is more robust than the classical extreme short-term prediction method based on potential flow theory in the prediction of nonlinear ship motions.

关键词： deep learning LSTM ship motion real-time prediction irregular waves

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Infrastructure-Based Vehicle Localization system for Indoor Parking Lots Using RGB-D Cameras

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2023年第1期28卷 61-69页

作者：曹炳全贺越生庄瀚洋杨明 Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Shanghai 200240China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai 200240China University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Accurate vehicle localization is a key technology for autonomous driving tasks in indoor parking lots,such as automated valet ***,infrastructure-based cooperative driving systems have become a means to realizing intelligent *** this paper,we propose a novel and practical vehicle localization system using infrastructure-based RGB-D cameras for indoor parking *** the proposed system,we design a depth data preprocessing method with both simplicity and efficiency to reduce the computational burden resulting from a large amount of ***,the hardware synchronization for all cameras in the sensor network is not implemented owing to the disadvantage that it is extremely cumbersome and would significantly reduce the scalability of our system in mass ***,to address the problem of data distortion accompanying vehicle motion,we propose a vehicle localization method by performing template point cloud registration in distributed depth ***,a complete hardware system was built to verify the feasibility of our solution in a real-world *** in an indoor parking lot demonstrated the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed vehicle localization system,with a maximum root mean squared error of 5 cm at 15Hz compared with the ground truth.

关键词： infrastructure-based RGB-D camera vehicle localization point cloud registration

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SiC MOSFET Crosstalk Modelling with Suppression Considering Impacts of dv/dt and di/dt 11

SiC MOSFET Crosstalk Modelling with Suppression Considering ...

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11th International Conference on Power Electronics - ECCE Asia, ICPE 2023-ECCE Asia

作者： Xie, Wenhao Ji, Shiqi Zhao, Zhengming Mo, Xin Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering China Tsinghua Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute China

ISBN: (纸本)9788957083505

Compared to Si IGBTs, SiC MOSFETs can reduce switching losses, achieve higher switching frequencies and enable smaller converter size. However, due to the high dv/dt of SiC MOSFETs, certain topologies, such as two SiC MOSFETs in a phase-leg configuration, are highly sensitive to crosstalk, which can slow down switching speed and even reduce gate oxide's lifetime. In this paper, an accurate model of crosstalk is established by considering the impacts of both dv/dt and di/dt in the power loop. The proposed model can simulate the gate-source voltage on bare die of SiC MOSFETs, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the impact of crosstalk. Model verification is implemented using a double pulse test (DPT) platform and a gate driver with active miller clamp technology. Key parameters of the model are extracted from both 3D simulation models and measurement experiments. The DPT waveform of power loop is used as the excitation source in the simulation, and the simulated gate-source waveform shows good agreement with the experimental waveform. Based on the model, parameter sensitivity analysis is performed, and suggestions for improving crosstalk suppression are proposed. © 2023 The Korean institute of Power Electronics.

关键词： Crosstalk

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Recent Progress in Reinforcement Learning and Adaptive Dynamic Programming for Advanced control Applications

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 18-36页

作者： Ding Wang Ning Gao Derong Liu Jinna Li Frank L.Lewis IEEE the Faculty of Information Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent SystemBeijing Laboratory of Smart Environmental Protectionand Beijing Institute of Artificial IntelligenceBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China the School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago IL 60607 USA the School of Information and Control Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun 113001China the UTA Research Institute the University of Texas at ArlingtonArlington TX 76118 USA

Reinforcement learning(RL) has roots in dynamic programming and it is called adaptive/approximate dynamic programming(ADP) within the control community. This paper reviews recent developments in ADP along with RL and its applications to various advanced control fields. First, the background of the development of ADP is described, emphasizing the significance of regulation and tracking control problems. Some effective offline and online algorithms for ADP/adaptive critic control are displayed, where the main results towards discrete-time systems and continuous-time systems are surveyed, ***, the research progress on adaptive critic control based on the event-triggered framework and under uncertain environment is discussed, respectively, where event-based design, robust stabilization, and game design are reviewed. Moreover, the extensions of ADP for addressing control problems under complex environment attract enormous attention. The ADP architecture is revisited under the perspective of data-driven and RL frameworks,showing how they promote ADP formulation ***, several typical control applications with respect to RL and ADP are summarized, particularly in the fields of wastewater treatment processes and power systems, followed by some general prospects for future research. Overall, the comprehensive survey on ADP and RL for advanced control applications has d emonstrated its remarkable potential within the artificial intelligence era. In addition, it also plays a vital role in promoting environmental protection and industrial intelligence.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) advanced control complex environment data-driven control event-triggered design intelligent control neural networks nonlinear systems optimal control reinforcement learning(RL)

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Two-Stage Robust Optimization Under Decision Dependent Uncertainty

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第7期9卷 1295-1306页

作者： Yunfan Zhang Feng Liu Yifan Su Yue Chen Zhaojian Wang João P.S.Catalão State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment the Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing the Department of AutomationShanghai Jiao Tong Universityand also with Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and ManagementShanghai 200240China Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto and Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science(INESC TEC)Porto 4200-465Portugal IEEE

In the conventional robust optimization(RO)context,the uncertainty is regarded as residing in a predetermined and fixed uncertainty *** many applications,however,uncertainties are affected by decisions,making the current RO framework *** paper investigates a class of two-stage RO problems that involve decision-dependent *** introduce a class of polyhedral uncertainty sets whose right-hand-side vector has a dependency on the here-and-now decisions and seek to derive the exact optimal wait-and-see decisions for the second-stage problem.A novel iterative algorithm based on the Benders dual decomposition is proposed where advanced optimality cuts and feasibility cuts are designed to incorporate the uncertainty-decision *** computational tractability,robust feasibility and optimality,and convergence performance of the proposed algorithm are guaranteed with theoretical *** motivating application examples that feature the decision-dependent uncertainties are ***,the proposed solution methodology is verified by conducting case studies on the pre-disaster highway investment problem.

关键词： Benders decomposition decision-dependent uncertainty endogenous uncertainty robust optimization(RO)

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The Electrical-Thermal Coupling Simulation of Grafted Polypropylene Used in High-Voltage Direct Current Cables 4th

The Electrical-Thermal Coupling Simulation of Grafted Polypr...

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4th International Symposium on Insulation and Discharge Computation for Power Equipment, IDCOMPU 2023

作者： Fan, Yazhou Zhang, Wenjia Peng, Xiangyang Huang, Shangshi Li, Yinge Hu, Shixun Li, Qi He, Jinliang Guangdong Power Grid Company Limited Electricity Research Institute Guangzhou510062 China Department of Electrical Engineering The State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819974122

Under direct current (DC) operation conditions, local electric field in insulation layer will be distorted, leading to insulation failure. Since the conductivity of insulating materials generally corresponds positively with temperature, a temperature gradient will form inside the insulating material during cable operation, making the conductivity distribution uneven and causing the "electric field reversal" phenomenon in the cable insulation layer. The distribution of the electric field and temperature field of the polypropylene grafted as the cable insulation under the electric heating-coupling field is yet to be studied. Studies have proved that by grafting modification the insulating properties of materials can be improved. This paper studied the and conductivity characteristics of grafted polypropylene materials, and selected one type for more experiments to obtain the material's conductivity-temperature-electric field strength characteristic equation through data fitting. A model of a 100 kV DC cable was established in COMSOL, and simulation of the cable section’s electric heating-coupling field was performed, revealing the temperature and electric field distribution inside the insulation layer when the cable is rated, overloaded, or short-circuited. This paper can provide some reference for operational analysis of polypropylene-insulated HVDC cables. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd 2024.

关键词： Polypropylenes

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