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Research on facial expression recognition based on multimodal data fusion and neural network

International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2024年第1期27卷 47-55页

作者： Han, Yi Wang, Xubin Lu, Zhengyu School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan China Anyang Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Henan Province Anyang China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology FengXian District Shanghai China

Facial expression recognition is a challenging task when neural network is applied to pattern recognition. Most of the current recognition research is based on single source facial data, which generally has the disadvantages of low accuracy and low robustness. In this paper, a neural network algorithm of facial expression recognition based on multimodal data fusion is proposed. The algorithm is based on the multimodal data, and it takes the facial image, the histogram of oriented gradient of the image and the facial landmarks as the input, and establishes Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) designed to extract features from facial image, neural network designed to extract features from facial Landmarks and Neural Network (LNN) designed to extract features from Histogram of gradient (HNN), three sub-neural networks to extract data features, using multimodal data feature fusion mechanism to improve the accuracy of facial expression recognition. Experimental results show that, the algorithm has a great improvement in accuracy, robustness and detection speed. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Data fusion

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Hybrid tri-memristor hyperchaotic map and application in Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Nets

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1855-1865页

作者： GU Yang BAO Han YU XiHong HUA ZhongYun BAO BoCheng XU Quan School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou213159China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China

Inspired by basic circuit connection methods,memristors can also be utilized in the construction of complex discrete chaotic *** investigate the dynamical effects of hybrid memristors,we propose two hybrid tri-memristor hyperchaotic(HTMH)mapping structures based on the hybrid parallel/cascade and cascade/parallel operations,*** the HTMH mapping structure with hybrid parallel/cascade operation as an example,this map possesses a spatial invariant set whose stability is closely related to the initial states of the *** distributions and bifurcation behaviours dependent on the control parameters are explored with numerical ***,the memristor initial offset-boosting mechanism is theoretically demonstrated,and memristor initial offset-boosting behaviours are numerically *** results clarify that the HTMH map can exhibit hyperchaotic behaviours and extreme multistability with homogeneous coexisting infinite *** addition,an FPGA hardware platform is fabricated to implement the HTMH map and generate pseudorandom numbers(PRNs)with high ***,the generated PRNs can be applied in Wasserstein generative adversarial nets(WGANs)to enhance training stability and generation capability.

关键词： memristor hybrid tri-memristor map spatial invariant set hyperchaos extreme multistability generative adversarial nets

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Optimized Neural Network for Automated Cardiovascular Disease Classification: Meta-heuristic Enabled Model

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SN computer science 2025年第1期6卷 1-14页

作者： Kusuma, S. Jothi, K.R. Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Data Science) Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Madanapalle India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India

Cardiovascular disease remains a major issue for mortality and morbidity, making accurate classification crucial. This paper introduces a novel heart disease classification model utilizing Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The model consists of two main steps: feature extraction using a refined Lion Algorithm with New Mutated evaluation (LA-NM) and classification through an ensemble approach combined with a Neural Network (NN). The proposed model significantly outperforms traditional classifiers. At 80% training data, it achieves accuracy improvements of 8.4% to 3.11% over Neural Network (NN), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and ensemble models. At 90% training data, it shows precision improvements ranging from 1.03% to 0.31% better than the comparison models and specificity improvements ranging from 13.92% to 0.52%. These results underscore the effectiveness of the model and suggest its potential for further development in personalized treatment recommendations based on patient history. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Ensemble models Feature extraction Heart disease classification Neural network Optimization

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Enhancing sustainable 5G powered agriculture 4.0 : Summary of low power connectivity, internet of UAV things, AI solutions and research trends

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第17期84卷 17389-17433页

作者： Majumdar, Parijata Mitra, Sanjoy Bhattacharya, Diptendu Bhushan, Bharat Department of Computer Science and Engineering Techno College of Engineering Agartala Maheshkhola Madhuban799004 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tripura Institute of Technology Agartala Narsingarh Agartala799009 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Agartala Jirania Agartala799046 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University Greater Noida201310 India

Emerging technologies of Agriculture 4.0 such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and 5G network services are being rapidly deployed to address smart farming implementation-related concerns and to fulfill the increasing food demand of the expanding demographics. Adoption of 5G offers numerous benefits including Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) required to reduce communication delays in time-sensitive applications, non-public networks to allocate part of the frequency spectrum on demand, and network slicing to fulfill the diverse requirements requested by a specific application etc. for realizing the full potential of Agriculture 4.0 operations. In this paper, a comprehensive review of 5G radio enhancements, enabling technologies, and multi-tier heterogeneous 5G network architecture are presented. The main focus is to concisely cover AI integration with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) leveraging 5G technologies and Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) for supporting intelligent, long-range, cost-effective and energy-saving data transmission across the network and seamless Agriculture 4.0 operations. Cloud computing architectures that permit centralized management of Agriculture 4.0 operations through sharing of computations, configurable networks, and servers are also studied in detail to reveal the need for edge computation as increasing number of IoT devices allows only to perform complex computations on-site. Extensive survey reveals the recent advances of 5G-enabled Agriculture 4.0 operations, future research opportunities of 5G networks including Energy Harvesting techniques for the deployment of massive to critical IoT applications, and the socio-demographic impacts of 5G networks in Agriculture 4.0 to support ubiquitous connectivity of exponentially increasing IoT devices. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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OCRBench: on the hidden mystery of OCR in large multimodal models

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第12期67卷 23-35页

作者： Yuliang LIU Zhang LI Mingxin HUANG Biao YANG Wenwen YU Chunyuan LI Xu-Cheng YIN Cheng-Lin LIU Lianwen JIN Xiang BAI School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of Technology Microsoft Research School of Computer & Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Large models have recently played a dominant role in natural language processing and multimodal vision-language learning. However, their effectiveness in text-related visual tasks remains relatively unexplored. In this paper, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of large multimodal models, such as GPT4V and Gemini, in various text-related visual tasks including text recognition, scene text-centric visual question answering(VQA), document-oriented VQA, key information extraction(KIE), and handwritten mathematical expression recognition(HMER). To facilitate the assessment of optical character recognition(OCR) capabilities in large multimodal models, we propose OCRBench, a comprehensive evaluation benchmark. OCRBench contains 29 datasets, making it the most comprehensive OCR evaluation benchmark available. Furthermore, our study reveals both the strengths and weaknesses of these models, particularly in handling multilingual text, handwritten text, non-semantic text, and mathematical expression *** importantly, the baseline results presented in this study could provide a foundational framework for the conception and assessment of innovative strategies targeted at enhancing zero-shot multimodal *** evaluation pipeline and benchmark are available at https://***/Yuliang-Liu/Multimodal OCR.

关键词： large multimodal model OCR text recognition scene text-centric VQA document-oriented VQA key information extraction handwritten mathematical expression recognition

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Improving Machine Translation Formality with Large Language Models

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2061-2075页

作者： Murun Yang Fuxue Li School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China College of Electrical Engineering Yingkou Institute of TechnologyYingkou115014China

Preserving formal style in neural machine translation (NMT) is essential, yet often overlooked as an optimization objective of the training processes. This oversight can lead to translations that, though accurate, lack formality. In this paper, we propose how to improve NMT formality with large language models (LLMs), which combines the style transfer and evaluation capabilities of an LLM and the high-quality translation generation ability of NMT models to improve NMT formality. The proposed method (namely INMTF) encompasses two approaches. The first involves a revision approach using an LLM to revise the NMT-generated translation, ensuring a formal translation style. The second approach employs an LLM as a reward model for scoring translation formality, and then uses reinforcement learning algorithms to fine-tune the NMT model to maximize the reward score, thereby enhancing the formality of the generated translations. Considering the substantial parameter size of LLMs, we also explore methods to reduce the computational cost of INMTF. Experimental results demonstrate that INMTF significantly outperforms baselines in terms of translation formality and translation quality, with an improvement of +9.19 style accuracy points in the German-to-English task and +2.16 COMET score in the Russian-to-English task. Furthermore, our work demonstrates the potential of integrating LLMs within NMT frameworks to bridge the gap between NMT outputs and the formality required in various real-world translation scenarios.

关键词： Neural machine translation formality large language model text style transfer style evaluation reinforcement learning

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Fully tunable Fabry-Pérot cavity based on MEMS Sagnac loop reflector with ultra-low static power consumption

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第4期10卷 355-365页

作者： Young Jae Park Man Jae Her Youngjae Jeong Dong Ju Choi Dong Uk Kim Min Gi Lim Myung Seok Hong Hyug Su Kwon Kyoungsik Yu Sangyoon Han Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Agency for Defense Development DaejeonRepublic of Korea

The Fabry-Pérot interferometer,a fundamental component in optoelectronic systems,offers interesting applications such as sensors,lasers,and *** this work,we show a tunable Fabry-Pérot cavity consisting of tunable Sagnac loop reflectors(SLRs)and phase shifters based on electrostatic microelectromechanical(MEMS)*** fabrication process of the device is compatible with the standard wafer-level silicon photonics fabrication *** electrostatic actuation mechanism provides well-balanced,scalable pathways for efficient tuning *** extinction ratio of the continuously tunable SLRs’reflectivity is larger than 20 *** 2πphase shifting is achieved,and response times of all the components are less than 25μ*** actuators have extremely low static power,measuring under 20 fW and the energy needed for tuning is both below 20 pJ.

关键词： tunable tuning interferometer

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Transforming the electrical grid: the role of AI in advancing smart, sustainable, and secure energy systems

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-43页

作者： Rajaperumal, T.A. Columbus, C. Christopher School of Electrical Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India

The evolution of the electrical grid from its early centralized structure to today’s advanced "smart grid" reflects significant technological progress. Early grids, designed for simple power delivery from large plants to consumers, faced challenges in efficiency, reliability, and scalability. Over time, the grid has transformed into a decentralized network driven by innovative technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI). AI has become instrumental in enhancing efficiency, security, and resilience by enabling real-time data analysis, predictive maintenance, demand-response optimization, and automated fault detection, thereby improving overall operational efficiency. This paper examines the evolution of the electrical grid, tracing its transition from early limitations to the methodologies adopted in present smart grids for addressing those challenges. Current smart grids leverage AI to optimize energy management, predict faults, and seamlessly integrate electric vehicles (EVs), reducing transmission losses and improving performance. However, these advancements are not without limitations. Present grids remain vulnerable to cyberattacks, necessitating the adoption of more robust methodologies and advanced technologies for future grids. Looking forward, emerging technologies such as Digital Twin (DT) models, the Internet of Energy (IoE), and decentralized grid management are set to redefine grid architectures. These advanced technologies enable real-time simulations, adaptive control, and enhanced human–machine collaboration, supporting dynamic energy distribution and proactive risk management. Integrating AI with advanced energy storage, renewable resources, and adaptive access control mechanisms will ensure future grids are resilient, sustainable, and responsive to growing energy demands. This study emphasizes AI’s transformative role in addressing the challenges of the early grid, enhancing the capabilities of the present smart grid, and shaping a secure

关键词： Risk management

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Nonlinear Filtering With Sample-Based Approximation Under Constrained Communication:Progress, Insights and Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1539-1556页

作者： Weihao Song Zidong Wang Zhongkui Li Jianan Wang Qing-Long Han IEEE the State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Department of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceCollege of Engineering Peking University the Department of Computer Science Brunel University London the School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology the School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology

The nonlinear filtering problem has enduringly been an active research topic in both academia and industry due to its ever-growing theoretical importance and practical *** main objective of nonlinear filtering is to infer the states of a nonlinear dynamical system of interest based on the available noisy measurements. In recent years, the advance of network communication technology has not only popularized the networked systems with apparent advantages in terms of installation,cost and maintenance, but also brought about a series of challenges to the design of nonlinear filtering algorithms, among which the communication constraint has been recognized as a dominating concern. In this context, a great number of investigations have been launched towards the networked nonlinear filtering problem with communication constraints, and many samplebased nonlinear filters have been developed to deal with the highly nonlinear and/or non-Gaussian scenarios. The aim of this paper is to provide a timely survey about the recent advances on the sample-based networked nonlinear filtering problem from the perspective of communication constraints. More specifically, we first review three important families of sample-based filtering methods known as the unscented Kalman filter, particle filter,and maximum correntropy filter. Then, the latest developments are surveyed with stress on the topics regarding incomplete/imperfect information, limited resources and cyber ***, several challenges and open problems are highlighted to shed some lights on the possible trends of future research in this realm.

关键词： Communication constraints maximum correntropy filter networked nonlinear filtering particle filter sample-based approximation unscented Kalman filter

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Automatic Query Generation Based on Adaptive Naked Mole-Rate Algorithm

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第16期84卷 16249-16280页

作者： Kinikar, Mayura Saleena, B. School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Campus Chennai India Pune India

In the growing information retrieval (IR) world, selecting suitable keywords and generating queries is important for effective retrieval. Modern database applications need a sophisticated interface for automatically updating the connections between users and databases. Most database applications are intelligent;however, some may be complex to understand when generating queries for effective retrieval. Therefore, this paper develops a new Adaptive Naked Mole-Rate algorithm (ANMR) for an automatic query generation (AQG) based IR system. The query generation approach primarily generates the query with expanded keywords to enhance IR. Modified sealion optimization (MSO) is applied to select several features. The selected features are combined in the feature fusion process using the Fuzzy based Search and Rescue approach (FSR). Similarity matching is performed using the hybrid cosine and Jaccard similarity measures. At last, the ranking process is performed using the Dynamic Global Local Attention Network based on Capsules (DGLANC). The developed AQG-ANMR system improves the performance of the entire information retrieval system. Then, to analyze the performance, the proposed approach is implemented in the python platform and evaluated in terms of accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-Score by employing TREC-3 and CISI datasets. Besides, the performance of the proposed approach is compared with that of state-of-the-art approaches. Finally, the simulated results clearly showed that the proposed approach outperformed the state-of-the-art approaches better. The maximum accuracy attained by the proposed approach is 97.2% with AQG-ANMR and 94.69% without AQG-ANMR for the TREC 3 dataset. In the same way, using the CISI dataset, the proposed approach reached a maximum accuracy of 98.6% with AQG-ANMR and 95.8% without AQG-ANMR, respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Information retrieval

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