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Merge-Weighted Dynamic Time Warping for Speech Recognition

Journal of Computer science & technology 2014年第6期29卷 1072-1082页

作者：张湘莉兰骆志刚李明 State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology David R.Cheriton School of Computer Science University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada ACM IEEE

Obtaining training material for rarely used English words and common given names from countries where English is not spoken is difficult due to excessive time, storage and cost factors. By considering personal privacy, language- independent （LI） with lightweight speaker-dependent （SD） automatic speech recognition （ASR） is a convenient option to solve tile problem. The dynamic time warping （DTW） algorithm is the state-of-the-art algorithm for small-footprint SD ASR for real-time applications with limited storage and small vocabularies. These applications include voice dialing on mobile devices, menu-driven recognition, and voice control on vehicles and robotics. However, traditional DTW has several lhnitations, such as high computational complexity, constraint induced coarse approximation, and inaccuracy problems. In this paper, we introduce the merge-weighted dynamic time warping （MWDTW） algorithm. This method defines a template confidence index for measuring the similarity between merged training data and testing data, while following the core DTW process. MWDTW is simple, efficient, and easy to implement. With extensive experiments on three representative SD speech recognition datasets, we demonstrate that our method outperforms DTW, DTW on merged speech data, the hidden Markov model （HMM） significantly, and is also six times faster than DTW overall.

关键词： merge-weighted dynamic time warping natural language processing speech recognition and synthesis tem-plate confidence index

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Exploring the patterns of social behavior in Github 1

Exploring the patterns of social behavior in Github

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1st International Workshop on Crowd-Based Software Development Methods and Technologies, CrowdSoft 2014

作者： Yu, Yue Yin, Gang Wang, Huaimin Wang, Tao National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450332248

Social coding paradigm is reshaping the distributed soft- ware development with a surprising speed in recent years. Github, a remarkable social coding community, attracts a huge number of developers in a short time. Various kinds of social networks are formed based on social activities among developers. Why this new paradigm can achieve such a great success in attracting external developers, and how they are connected in such a massive community, are interesting questions for revealing power of social coding paradigm. In this paper, we firstly compare the growth curves of project and user in GitHub with three traditional open source software communities to explore differences of their growth modes. We find an explosive growth of the users in GitHub and introduce the Diffusion of Innovation theory to illustrate intrinsic sociological basis of this phenomenon. Secondly, we construct follow-networks according to the follow behaviors among developers in GitHub. Finally, we present four typical social behavior patterns by mining follow-networks containing independence-pattern, group-pattern, star-pattern and hub-pattern. This study can provide several instructions of crowd collaboration to newcomers. According to the typical behavior patterns, the community manager could design corresponding assistive tools for developers. Copyright 2014 ACM.

关键词： Software design

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Performance evaluation of data value prediction schemes

Performance evaluation of data value prediction schemes

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作者： Xiao, Yong Zhou, Xing-Ming National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Chinese Academy of Science

Data value prediction has been widely accepted as an effective mechanism to break data hazards for high performance processor design. Several works have reported promising performance potential. However, there is hardly enough information that is presented in a clear way about performance comparison of these prediction mechanisms. This paper investigates the performance impact of four previously proposed value predictors, namely last value predictor, stride value predictor, two-level value predictor and hybrid (stride+two-level) predictor. The impact of misprediction penalty, which has been frequently ignored, is discussed in detail. Several other implementation issues, including instruction window size, issue width and branch predictor are also addressed and simulated. Simulation results indicate that data value predictors act differently under different configurations. In some cases, simpler schemes may be more beneficial than complicated ones. In some particular cases, value prediction may have negative impact on performance. © 2005 Springer science + Business Media, Inc.

关键词： Data processing

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parallel pipeline implementation for moving objects detection in traffic video analysis on a heterogeneous platform 4th

Parallel pipeline implementation for moving objects detectio...

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4th International Conference on Computer Engineering and Networks, CENet2014

作者： Li, Teng Dou, Yong Jiang, Jingfei Qiao, Peng Department of Computer Science National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319111032

Moving objects detection is important in traffic video analysis, and many algorithms are being increasingly applied to moving objects detection. Most of these algorithms are time-consuming and cannot satisfy real-time demand in traffic video analysis by using a conventional central processing unit (CPU) sequential method. The emergence of the graphics processing unit (GPU) and multi-core CPU provides a method to accelerate the aforementioned algorithms to meet demand. In this study, we provide a GPU-accelerated implementation of the background subtraction algorithm and the morphological operation algorithm. Then, the connected component labeling algorithm is parallelized on a multi-core CPU with Open Multi-Processing (OpenMP). Furthermore, parallel pipeline implementation on a heterogeneous platform is proposed by integrating the aforementioned algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed implementation achieves a significant speedup of up to 5×, compared with sequential implementation on a CPU. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

关键词： Program processors

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Mining and recommending software features across multiple web repositories 13

Mining and recommending software features across multiple we...

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5th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Internetware, Internetware 2013

作者： Yu, Yue Wang, Huaimin Yin, Gang Liu, Bo School of Computer Science National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450323697

The Internetware" paradigm is fundamentally changing the traditional way of software development. More and more software projects are developed, maintained and shared on the Internet. However, a large quantity of heterogeneous software resources have not been organized in a reasonable and efficient way. Software feature is an ideal material to characterize software resources. The effectiveness of feature- related tasks will be greatly improved, if a multi-grained feature repository is available. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for organizing, analyzing and recommend- ing software features. Firstly, we construct a Hierarchical rEpository of Software feAture (HESA). Then, we mine the hidden affnities among the features and recommend relevant and high-quality features to stakeholders based on HESA. Finally, we conduct a user study to evaluate our approach quantitatively. The results show that HESA can organize software features in a more reasonable way compared to the traditional and the state-of-the-art approaches. The result of feature recommendation is effective and interesting. Categories and Subject Descriptors D.2.9 [Software Engineering]: Mining Software Reposi- tory;H.3.3 [Information Storage and retrieval]: Fea- ture Model, Clustering, Query formulation General Terms Algorithms, Human Factors.

关键词： Software design

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Deadline-oriented task scheduling for mapreduce environments 15th

Deadline-oriented task scheduling for mapreduce environments

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15th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2015

作者： Hu, Minghao Wang, Changjian You, Pengfei Huang, Zhen Peng, Yuxing National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha410072 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319271217

To provide timely results for ‘Big Data Analytics’, it is crucial to satisfy deadline requirements for MapReduce jobs in production environments. In this paper, we propose a deadline-oriented task scheduling approach, named Dart, to meet the given deadline and maximize the input size if only part of the dataset can be processed before the time limit. Dart uses an iterative estimation method which is based on both historical data and job running status to precisely estimate the realtime job completion time. By comparing the estimated time with the deadline constraint, a YARN-based task scheduler dynamically decides whether continuing or terminating the map *** have validated our approach using workloads from OpenCloud and Facebook on a cluster of 60 virtual machines. The results show that Dart can not only effectively meet the deadline but also process near-maximal data volumes even when the deadline is set to be extremely small and limited resources are allocated. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

关键词： MapReduce

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Stigmergic collaboration: A sign-based perspective of stigmergy

Stigmergic collaboration: A sign-based perspective of stigme...

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2010 International Conference on Intelligent Computation technology and Automation, ICICTA 2010

作者： Ren, Chuanjun Huang, Hongbing Jin, Shiyao National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769540771

Insects build architecturally complex nests and search for remote food by collaboration work despite their limited sensors, minimal individual intelligence and the lack of a central control system. Insets' collaborations emerge as a response of the individual insects to Stigmergy. A sign-based model of Stigmergy to discuss collaboration is proposed in this paper where we picked up "sign" as a key notion to understand it. Therefore, sign is the link of all the components in a Stigmergic complex adaptive system. Based on this understanding, we propose a definition that reveals the nature of signs and exploit the significations and relationships carried by the notion of sign. Then, a sign-based model of Stigmergy is consequently reached, which captures the essentials of Stigmergy. A basic architecture of Stigmergy as well as its constituents are presented and discussed. At last, some applications of the model are discussed. © 2010 Crown Copyright.

关键词： CAS Collaboration Emergence Sign Stigmergy Emergence Volatile Oils Insecta central control system

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HESA: The construction and evaluation of hierarchical software feature repository 25

HESA: The construction and evaluation of hierarchical softwa...

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25th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, SEKE 2013

作者： Yu, Yue Wang, Huaimin Yin, Gang Li, Xiang Yang, Cheng National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)1891706330

Nowadays, the demand for software resources on different granularity is becoming prominent in software engineering field. However, a large quantity of heterogeneous software resources have not been organized in a reasonable and efficient way. Software features, a kind of important knowledge for software reuse, are ideal materials to characterize software resources. Our preliminary study shows that the effectiveness of feature-related tasks, such as software resource retrieval and feature location, will be greatly improved, if a multi-grained feature repository is available. In this paper, we construct a Hierarchical rEpository of Software feAture (HESA), in which a novel hierarchical clustering approach is proposed. For a given domain, we first aggregate a large number of feature descriptions from multiple online software repositories. Then we cluster these descriptions into a flexible hierarchy by mining their hidden semantic structures. Finally, we implement an online search engine on HESA and conduct a user study to evaluate our approach quantitatively. The results show that HESA can organize software features in a more reasonable way compared to the classic and the state-of-the-art approaches. Copyright © 2013 by Knowledge Systems Institute Graduate School.

关键词： Computer software reusability

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Serialization/Deserialization-free State Transfer in Serverless Workflows 24

Serialization/Deserialization-free State Transfer in Serverl...

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19th European Conference on Computer Systems, EuroSys 2024

作者： Lu, Fangming Wei, Xingda Huang, Zhuobin Chen, Rong Wu, Minyu Chen, Haibo Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Seiee Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400704376

Serialization and deserialization play a dominant role in the state transfer time of serverless workflows, leading to substantial performance penalties during workflow execution. We identify the key reason as a lack of ability to efficiently access the (remote) memory of another function. We propose RMMap, an OS primitive for remote memory map. It allows a serverless function to directly access the memory of another function, even if it is located remotely. RMMap is the first to completely eliminates serialization and deserialization when transferring states between any pairs of functions in (unmodified) serverless workflows. To make remote memory map efficient and feasible, we co-design it with fast networking (RDMA), OS, language runtime, and serverless platform. Evaluations using real-world serverless workloads show that integrating RMMap with Knative reduces the serverless workflow execution time on Knative by up to 2.6 × and improves resource utilizations by 86.3%. © 2024 ACM.

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False-positive probability and compression optimization for tree-structured bloom filters

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ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems 2016年第4期1卷 1–39页

作者： Fu, Yongquan Biersack, Ernst National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Sanyi Road Changsha Hunan Province410073 China CAIPY Valbonne06560 France

Bloom filters are frequently used to to check the membership of an item in a set. However, Bloom filters face a dilemma: the transmission bandwidth and the accuracy cannot be optimized simultaneously. This dilemma is particularly severe for transmitting Bloom filters to remote nodes when the network bandwidth is limited. We propose a novel Bloom filter called BloomTree that consists of a tree-structured organization of smaller Bloom filters, each using a set of independent hash functions. BloomTree spreads items across levels that are compressed to reduce the transmission bandwidth need. We show how to find optimal configurations for BloomTree and investigate in detail by how much BloomTree outperforms the standard Bloom filter or the compressed Bloom filter. Finally, we use the intersection of BloomTrees to predict the set intersection, decreasing the false-positive probabilities by several orders of magnitude compared to both the compressed Bloom filter and the standard Bloom filter. © 2016 ACM 2376-3639/2016/09-ART19 $15.00

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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