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Data science approaches to confronting the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2022年第2214期380卷 20210127-20210127页

作者： Zhang, Qingpeng Gao, Jianxi Wu, Joseph T. Cao, Zhidong Zeng, Daniel Dajun City Univ Hong Kong Sch Data Sci Hong Kong Peoples R China Rensselaer Polytech Inst Dept Comp Sci Troy NY 12180 USA Univ Hong Kong LKS Fac Med WHO Collaborating Ctr Infect Dis Epidemiol & Cont Sch Publ Hlth Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

During the COVID-19 pandemic, more than ever, data science has become a powerful weapon in combating an infectious disease epidemic and arguably any future infectious disease epidemic. Computer scientists, data scientists, physicists and mathematicians have joined public health professionals and virologists to confront the largest pandemic in the century by capitalizing on the large-scale 'big data' generated and harnessed for combating the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we review the newly born data science approaches to confronting COVID-19, including the estimation of epidemiological parameters, digital contact tracing, diagnosis, policy-making, resource allocation, risk assessment, mental health surveillance, social media analytics, drug repurposing and drug development. We compare the new approaches with conventional epidemiological studies, discuss lessons we learned from the COVID-19 pandemic, and highlight opportunities and challenges of data science approaches to confronting future infectious disease epidemics. This article is part of the theme issue 'Data science approaches to infectious disease surveillance'.

关键词： infectious disease mathematical modelling data science big data COVID-19

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Lithium Extraction from High Magnesium Salt Lake Brine with an Integrated Membrane Technology

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Ashraf, Muhammad Awais Usman, Muhammad Hussain, Iftikhar Ahmad, Faraz Guo, Shiwei Zhang, Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Washington State University United States Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China North China Electric Power University Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Baoding071000 China Faculty of Economics and Business

Lithium extraction is a great challenge from the high magnesium content salt solution. In this work, an integrated polyamide tight ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes are systematically investigated to separate Li+ from a high magnesium salt solution. Tight ultrafiltration UA001 and nanofiltration NF270 membranes in the integrated-cascade system not only increased Li+ permeation to 82.5% but also enhanced the high Mg2+ retention to 94.6% from the ternary salt solution of LiCl and MgCl2. The transport model was also developed to calculate the real retention of Li+ and Mg2+, under constant pressure mode. The separation efficiency SFLi/Mg for the ternary salt solution of LiCl+MgCl2+H2O was more than 15 at a constant pressure of 25 bars with an integrated membrane process, which was higher as compared to single-stage UF and NF270 membranes. Moreover, the high Mg2+/Li+ ratio was also reduced from 30 to 1.9 in the integrated-cascade membrane process. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnesium compounds

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Fast instruments and tissues segmentation of micro-neurosurgical scene using high correlative non-local network

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COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2023年第1期153卷 106531-106531页

作者： Luo, Yu-Wen Chen, Hai-Yong Li, Zhen Liu, Wei-Peng Wang, Ke Zhang, Li Fu, Pan Yue, Wen-Qian Bian, Gui-Bin Hebei Univ Technol Sch Artificial Intelligence & Data Sci Tianjin 300131 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Beijing Tiantan Hosp Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Beijing Informat Sci & Technol Univ Sch Automat Beijing 100192 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

Surgical scene segmentation provides critical information for guidance in micro-neurosurgery. Segmentation of instruments and critical tissues contributes further to robot assisted surgery and surgical evaluation. However, due to the lack of relevant scene segmentation dataset, scale variation and local similarity, micro-neurosurgical segmentation faces many challenges. To address these issues, a high correlative non-local network (HCNNet), is proposed to aggregate multi-scale feature by optimized non-local mechanism. HCNNet adopts two-branch design to generate features of different scale efficiently, while the two branches share common weights in shallow layers. Several short-term dense concatenate (STDC) modules are combined as the backbone to capture both semantic and spatial information. Besides, a high correlative non-local module (HCNM) is designed to guide the upsampling process of the high-level feature by modeling global context generated from the low-level feature. It filters out confused pixels of different classes in the non-local correlation map. Meanwhile, a large segmentation dataset named NeuroSeg is constructed, which contains 15 types of instruments and 3 types of tissues that appear in meningioma resection surgery. The proposed HCNNet achieves the state-of-the-art performance on NeuroSeg, it reaches an inference speed of 54.85 FPS with the highest accuracy of 59.62% mIoU, 74.7% Dice, 70.55% mAcc and 87.12% aAcc.

关键词： Non-local attention mechanism Micro-neurosurgery Real-time segmentation Multi-scale feature fusion

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Guest Editorial Computational Social systems for COVID-19 Emergency management and Beyond

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL systems 2021年第4期8卷 928-929页

作者： Zhang, Jun Jason Wang, Fei-Yue Yuan, Yong Xu, Guandong Liu, Huan Gao, Wei Jameel, Shoaib Razzak, Imran Eklund, Peter Ahmed, Sheraz Qin, Rui Li, Juanjuan Wang, Xiao Yang, De-Nian Turgut, Damla Benslimane, Abderrahim Prasad, Neeli Chen, Kwang-Cheng Wuhan Univ Sch Elect Engn & Automat Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Renmin Univ China Sch Math Beijing 100872 Peoples R China Univ Technol Sydney Adv Analyt Inst Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia Arizona State Univ Comp Sci & Engn Tempe AZ 85281 USA Singapore Management Univ Sch Comp & Informat Syst Singapore Singapore Univ Essex Sch Comp Sci & Elect Engn Colchester CO4 3SQ Essex England Deakin Univ Sch Info Technol Geelong Vic 3220 Australia German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence Smart Data & Knowledge Serv D-67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Beijing Inst Technol Sch Automat Beijing 100811 Peoples R China Acad Sinica Inst Informat Sci Taipei Taiwan Univ Cent Florida Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Orlando FL 32816 USA Univ Avignon Dept Comp Sci Provence France SmartAvatar BV Secur & Wireless Technol Delft Netherlands Univ S Florida Dept Elect Engn Tampa FL 33620 USA

Since early 2020, the COVID-19 global pandemic has significantly impacted almost every aspect of the human society throughout the world. Until now, middle of 2021, although with all the efforts on pandemic intervention and vaccination, COVID-19 is still hovering around the world, resulting in more than 177 million confirmed cases and 3.8 million deaths.

关键词： Special issues and sections COVID-19 Pandemics Predictive models Data analysis

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Design of Low-cost Position Differential Positioning System Based on STM32

Design of Low-cost Position Differential Positioning System ...

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Fu, Haijun Xiong, Gang Chen, Shichao Qiu, Ming Xiong, Haonan Shen, Zhen Dong, Xisong Su, Xiang Guo, Xiujiang Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Artificial Intelligence Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Union Univ Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Cloud Comp Ctr Dongguan Peoples R China Qingdao Acad Intelligent Ind Qingdao Peoples R China Macau Univ Sci & Technol Qingdao Peoples R China Xihua Univ Sch Elect Engn & Elect Informat Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat Beijing Engn Res Ctr Intelligent Syst & Technol Beijing Peoples R China Univ Helsinki Dept Comp Sci FIN-00114 Helsinki Finland PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co Measurement Ctr Stn Renqiu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728113128

There exist some obstacles to realize high precision positioning with using the position differential technique due to the limiting factors. However, with the advancement of chip performance and the establishment of multiple satellite navigation systems, position differential positioning can be realized to meet the civilian high-precision positioning demand while significantly reducing costs. This paper is to explore the engineering application and propose a new method. Through the experiments and data analysis, we have found the error correlation between two receivers in a small area and designed a set of positioning system, and programmed in the Keil mu Vision5 in C language. The system consists of the current mainstream low-cost STM32, UBLOX NEO 6M chip, NRF24L01 chip, GPS antenna and power supply module. Each two receivers can form a differential positioning system. At present, the system in the low-speed status is, in the urban environment, basically reaching within 0.5 - 3 m of the positioning error.

关键词： position differential positioning low cost error correlation GPS STM32

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The Emerging Intelligent Vehicles and Intelligent Vehicle Carriers Collaborative systems 35

The Emerging Intelligent Vehicles and Intelligent Vehicle Ca...

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IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)

作者： Shen, Zhipeng Huang, Chao Huang, Hailong Wang, Yutong Wang, Fei-Yue Jamalipour, Abbas Pham, Duc Truong Vlacic, Ljubo Savkin, Andrey V. Hong Kong Polytechn Univ Dept Aeronaut & Aviat Engn Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Hong Kong Polytechn Univ Dept Ind & Syst Engn Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Macau Univ Sci & Technol Inst Engn Macau 999078 Peoples R China Univ Sydney Sch Elect & Informat Engn Sydney NSW 2050 Australia Univ Birmingham Dept Mech Engn Birmingham B15 2TT England Griffith Univ Inst Intelligent & Integrated Syst Brisbane Qld 4222 Australia Griffith Univ Sch Engn & Built Environm Brisbane Qld 4222 Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348811;9798350348828

In this paper, we propose the innovative use of Intelligent Vehicle Carriers (IVCs) as a key solution to address the energy constraints of small-scale unmanned Intelligent Vehicles (IVs). IVCs function as both transporters and charging stations, significantly boosting the operational range and efficiency of IVs. Our research delves into the IV-IVC collaborative framework, highlighting the existing challenges, exploring potential solutions, and examining a range of applications. This study offers a visionary approach to revolutionizing intelligent transportation systems by leveraging the synergistic relationship between IVs and IVCs.

关键词： Intelligent vehicle highway systems

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Unravel the distinct effects of adiposity at different life stages on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: A life-course Mendelian randomization study

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JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY 2024年第10期96卷 e29943页

作者： Xiao, Pei Li, Chi Wu, Jinyi Dai, Jiayuan Capital Med Univ Beijing Childrens Hosp Ctr Noncommunicable Dis Management Natl Ctr Childrens Hlth Beijing Peoples R China Shijingshan Dist Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Dept AIDS STD Control & Prevent Beijing Peoples R China Wuhan Fourth Hosp Dept Publ Hlth Wuhan Peoples R China Fudan Univ Sch Publ Hlth Shanghai Peoples R China Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll Peking Union Med Coll Hosp Dept Rare Dis State Key Lab Complex Severe & Rare Dis Beijing Peoples R China

Childhood obesity is widely recognized as a risk factor for numerous health conditions, particularly cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unclear whether childhood adiposity directly affects the risk of COVID-19 in later life. We aimed to investigate the causal effects of early life adiposity on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. We used genetic instruments from large-scale genome-wide association studies to examine the relationships between birth weight, childhood and adulthood adiposity indicators (including body mass index [BMI], obesity, and body size), and COVID-19 outcomes. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were used to obtain the causal estimates. Univariable MR analyses found that childhood BMI and obesity were positively associated with COVID-19 risk and severity in adulthood, however, the significant associations were attenuated to null after further adjusting for adulthood adiposity indicators in multivariable MR analyses. In contrast, our analysis revealed strong evidence of a genetically predicted effect of childhood obesity on COVID-19 hospitalization (OR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15, p = 2.12E-2), which remained robust even after adjusting for adulthood obesity and potential lifestyle confounders. Our results highlight the importance of promoting healthy weight management throughout life to reduce the risk of COVID-19.

关键词： causal effect childhood adiposity COVID-19 Mendelian randomization

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A Heuristic Implementation of Emergency Traffic Evacuation in Urban Areas

A Heuristic Implementation of Emergency Traffic Evacuation i...

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IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics (SOLI)

作者： Kang, Wenwen Xie, Li Zhu, Fenghua Lv, Yisheng Xiong, Gang Xi, Bin Chinese Acad Sci Cloud Comp Ctr Dongguan Res Inst CASIA Dongguan Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Beijing Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Dept Informat Sci & Elect Engn Hangzhou Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat Beijing Engn Res Ctr Intelligent Syst & Technol Beijing Peoples R China Xiamen Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Xiamen Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479905300;9781479905294

With the acceleration of China's urbanization, more and more unexpected disasters in big cities make a severe challenge to city emergency traffic management. Under this background, we present a heuristic implementation of urban emergency traffic evacuation in this paper. Firstly, we refer to a popular evacuation demand generation model to generate the evacuation demand. When solving the path selection problem, the heuristic search method is used. We take Dijkstra shortest path and current road condition as two parts of the evaluation function to evaluate different choices and choose the best one. To simulate the dynamic process of evacuation, we developed a position update algorithm to update the positions of traffic participants. The mathematical analysis method and computer simulation are combined to determine the final evacuation route of a traffic participant. This combination is effective since it takes advantages of both methods and avoids the shortcomings at the same time.

关键词： Emergency Traffic Evacuation Heuristic Search Path Selection

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Parallel Vision for Long-Tail Regularization: Initial Results From IVFC Autonomous Driving Testing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT VEHICLES 2022年第2期7卷 286-299页

作者： Wang, Jiangong Wang, Xiao Shen, Tianyu Wang, Yutong Li, Li Tian, Yonglin Yu, Hui Chen, Long Xin, Jingmin Wu, Xiangbin Zheng, Nanning Wang, Fei-Yue Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Qingdao Acad Intelligent Ind Qingdao 266000 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Sch Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Automat Hefei 230027 Peoples R China Macau Univ Sci & Technol Inst Syst Engn Macau 999078 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Automat BNRist Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Univ Portsmouth Sch Creat Technol Portsmouth PO1 2DJ Hants England Sun Yat Sen Univ Guangzhou 510275 Peoples R China Waytous Inc Qingdao 266109 Shandong Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Inst Artificial Intelligence & Robot IAIR Xian 710049 Peoples R China Intel Corp Intel Labs China Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

Long-tail effect, characterized by highly frequent occurrence of normal scenarios and the scarce appearance of extreme "long-tail" scenarios, ubiquitously exists in the vision-related problems in the real-world applications. Though many computer vision methods to date have already achieved feasible performance for most of the normal scenarios, it is still challenging for existing vision systems to accurately perceive the long-tail scenarios. This deficiency largely hinders the practical application of computer vision systems, since long-tail problems may incur fatal consequences, such as traffic accidents, taking the vision systems of autonomous vehicles as an example. In this paper, we firstly propose a theoretical framework named Long-tail Regularization (LoTR), for analyzing and tackling the long-tail problems in the vision perception of autonomous driving. LoTR is able to regularize the scarcely occurred long-tail scenarios to be frequently encountered. Then we present a Parallel Vision Actualization System (PVAS), which consists of closed-loop optimization and virtual-real interaction, to search for challenging long-tail scenarios and produce large-scale long-tail driving scenarios for autonomous vehicles. In addition, we introduce how to perform PVAS in Intelligent Vehicle Future Challenge of China (IVFC), the most durable autonomous driving competition around the world. Results over the past decade demonstrate that PVAS can effectively guide the collection of long-tail data to diminish the cost in the real world, and thus promote the capability of vision systems to adapt to complex environments, alleviating the impact of long-tail effect.

关键词： Testing Machine vision Autonomous vehicles Visualization Accidents Task analysis Reliability theory Parallel vision long tail autonomous vehicles

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7.3: Compare Variation of User's EEG Owing to Parallax Cue

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SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 2018年第S1期49卷

作者： Haichen Hu Danli Wang Kang Yue Xinpan Yang Steve C. Chiu Beijing Key Lab of Human-Computer Interaction Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Science and Engineering Idaho State University Pocatello America

3D display has become increasingly popular in many fields. It can provide incredible immersion compared with 2D display. There are many researches referring to the change of user about no matter subjective experience or objective physiology signal while watching 3D content. Similarly, in this paper, we study the variation of user’s EEG when the user watched 3D content. However, we only focus on parallax cue and avoid other cues of 3D content by using Random Dot Stereogram(RDS) as visual stimulus. We designed an experiment which asked the subject to watch RDS with nine kinds of parallaxes(0,±0.5,±1.1,±1.3,±1.7). The users watched one RDS for 1 minute and then closed eyes and rest for 1 minute every time. During watching, EEG signal with 30-channel was recorded. The result suggests that significant variation of the user’s EEG data occurred in the Alpha (8–13Hz) and Beta(14–30Hz) frequency band by different parallax’s comparison. And we found not only parallax but also electrode position can impact the user’s EEG data significantly. Accurately, the EEG data has a significant change in six electrodes position in both frequency bands including CZ, PZ, OZ, O2 in international 10–20 system. It means those electrode positions we detect can be regarded as typical positions where we record EEG signal. It will simplify the process of EEG signal acquisition when we need to study the relationship between parallax cue of 3D display and the user further.

关键词： EEG Parallax RDS 3D

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