We report three types of conducting polymers (CPs), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY) and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) to modify the surface of the CdS nanorods to probe their photocorrosion inhibitio...
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We report three types of conducting polymers (CPs), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY) and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) to modify the surface of the CdS nanorods to probe their photocorrosion inhibition and photocatalytic hydrogen production. Various characterizations, such as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and density function theory (DFT) calculations have been conducted to reveal the intrinsic structure of the as-constructed CPs@CdS (@ means CPs at the surface of CdS) core-shell nanorods. The results show that the PANI and PPY shells with abundant N and C atoms can significantly enhance the binding energy of Cd and S atoms on the surface of the CdS nanorods. However, there is no obvious enhancement of binding energy at the interface of the PEDOT shell and the CdS nanorods core. Therefore, PANI@CdS and PPY@CdS possess stronger driving force than PEDOT@CdS to inject the photogenerated holes in conducting polymer shells. As a result, the polyaniline (PANI) modified PANI@CdS core-shell nanorods demonstrate the most effectively enhanced hydrogen production rate of ∼9.7 mmol h g and effective photocorrosion inhibition in 30 h without deactivation under visible-light irradiation. The hydrogen production performance of PPY@CdS is not effectively promoted owing to the weak transmittance of light for the PPY shell. The PEDOT shell cannot improve the hydrogen production and stability property of the CdS nanorods. This work could shed some light on conducting polymers modifying metal sulfides nanostructures that is of inconceivable significance for effective photocorrosion inhibition and highly enhanced photocatalytic activities.
In living organisms,confined space with specific chemical composition and elaborate spatial distribution regulates the formation of natural *** from the natural structure-forming process,novel synthesis approaches in ...
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In living organisms,confined space with specific chemical composition and elaborate spatial distribution regulates the formation of natural *** from the natural structure-forming process,novel synthesis approaches in deliberated confined systems have been proposed for obtaining designed *** confined systems can effectively regulate the synthesis of materials with defined structures according to the geometry of *** fibrils provide biological confinements for the formation of hierarchical structure with periodic *** engineered living organisms with designed confinements can direct the synthesis of three-dimensional *** novel structures will be rationally fabricated in the future with the aid of deeper understanding of biological processes.
The development of lithium-ion batteries using transition metal oxides has recently become more attractive, due to their higher specific capacities, better rate capability, and high energy densities. Herein, the in si...
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The development of lithium-ion batteries using transition metal oxides has recently become more attractive, due to their higher specific capacities, better rate capability, and high energy densities. Herein, the in situ growth of advanced mesoporous CuO/O-doped g-CN nanospheres is carried out in a two step hydrothermal process at 180 °C and annealing in air at 300 °C. When used as an anode material, the CuO/O-doped g-CN nanospheres achieve a high reversible discharge specific capacity of 738 mAhg and a capacity retention of ∼75.3% after 100 cycles at a current density 100 mAg compared with the pure CuO (412 mAhg, 47%) and O-doped g-CN (66 mAhg, 53%). Even at high current density 1 Ag, they exhibit a reversible discharge specific capacity of 503 mAhg and capacity retention ∼80% over 500 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the CuO/O-doped g-CN nanocomposite is attributed to the following factors: (I) the in situ growing CuO/O-doped g-CN avoids CuO nanoparticle aggregation, leading to the improved lithium ion transfer and electrolyte penetration inside the CuO/O-doped g-CN anode, thus promoting the utilization of CuO; (II) the porous structure provides efficient space for Li transfer during the insertion/extraction process to avoid large volume changes; (III) the O-doping g-CN decreases its band gap, ensuring the increased electrical conductivity of CuO/O-doped g-CN; and (IV) the strong interaction between CuO and O-doped g-CN ensures the stability of the structure during cycling.
Solution-processed semiconductors such as perovskite compounds have attracted tremendous attention to photovoltaic research due to the significantly higher energy conversion efficiencies and lower processing ***,conce...
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Solution-processed semiconductors such as perovskite compounds have attracted tremendous attention to photovoltaic research due to the significantly higher energy conversion efficiencies and lower processing ***,concerns over stability and the toxicity on lead in CH_3NH_3PbI_3 create the need for still easily-accessible but more stable and environmentally friendly ***,we present NaSbS_2 as a non-toxic,earth-abundant promising material consisting of densely packed(1/∞)[SbS_2^-]polymeric chains and sodium *** ionic nature makes it sharing the similar dissolution superiority with perovskite,providing great potential for low-cost and large-scale *** pure NaSbS_2thin film was successfully fabricated using spray-pyrolysis method,and its photovoltaic relevant material,optical and electrical properties were carefully ***,a prototype NaSbS_2-based thinfilm solar cell has been successfully demonstrated,yielding a power conversion efficiency of 0.13%.The systematic experimental and theoretical investigations,combined with proof-of-principle device results,indicate that NaSbS_2 is indeed very promising for photovoltaic application.
A novel microfabrication process based on optimized photolithography combined with pyrolysis-reduction is proposed to fabricate interdigital porous carbon/tin quantum dots (C/Sn QDs) microelectrodes.C/Sn QDs active ...
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A novel microfabrication process based on optimized photolithography combined with pyrolysis-reduction is proposed to fabricate interdigital porous carbon/tin quantum dots (C/Sn QDs) microelectrodes.C/Sn QDs active microelectrodes are also employed as current collectors of a micro-supercapacitor (MSC).A uniform dispersion of Sn QDs (diameter of ~3 nm) in the carbon matrix is achieved using our facile and controllable microfabrication *** as-fabricated C/Sn QDs MSC obtained by carbonization at 900 ℃ exhibits a higher areal specific capacitance (5.79 mF·cm-2) than that of the pyrolyzed carbonbased MSC (1.67 mF·cm-2) and desirable cycling stability (93.3% capacitance retention after 5,000 cyclic voltammetry cycles).This novel microfabrication process is fully compatible with micromachining technologies,showing great potential for large-scale fine micropatterning of carbon-based composites for applications in micro/nano devices.
Schizophrenia (SZ) detection enables effective treatment to improve the clinical outcome, but objective and reliable SZ diagnostics are still limited. An ideal diagnosis of SZ suited for robust clinical screening must...
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Schizophrenia (SZ) detection enables effective treatment to improve the clinical outcome, but objective and reliable SZ diagnostics are still limited. An ideal diagnosis of SZ suited for robust clinical screening must address detection throughput, low invasiveness, and diagnosis accuracy. Herein, we built a multi-shelled hollow Cr 2 O 3 spheres (MHCSs) assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS) platform for the direct metabolic profiling of biofluids towards SZ diagnostics. The MHCSs displayed strong light absorption for enhanced ionization and microscale surface roughness with stability for the effective LDI of metabolites. We profiled urine and serum metabolites (≈1 μL) with the enhanced LDI efficacy in seconds. We discriminated SZ patients (SZs) from healthy controls (HCs) with the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of 1.000 for the blind test. We identified four compounds with optimal diagnostic power as a simplified metabolite panel for SZ and demonstrated the metabolite quantification for clinic use. Our approach accelerates the growth of new platforms toward a precision diagnosis in the near future.
The linear analysis of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in metal material is extended from the perfect plastic constitutive model to the Johnson-Cook and Steinberg-Guinan constitutive model, and from the constant loadi...
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The linear analysis of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in metal material is extended from the perfect plastic constitutive model to the Johnson-Cook and Steinberg-Guinan constitutive model, and from the constant loading to a time-dependent loading. The analysis is applied to two Rayleigh-Taylor instability experiments in aluminum and vanadium with peak pressures of 20 GPa and 90 GPa, and strain rates of 6 × 106 s−1 and 3 × 107 s−1 respectively. When the time-dependent loading and the Steinberg-Guinan constitutive model are used in the linear analysis, the analytic results are in close agreement with experiments quantitatively, which indicates that the method in this paper is applicable to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in aluminum and vanadium metal materials under high pressure and high strain rate. From these linear analyses, we find that the constitutive models and the loading process are of crucial importance in the linear analysis of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in metal material, and a better understanding of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in metals is gained. These results will serve as important references for evolving high-pressure, high-strain-rate experiments and numerical simulations.
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