Low or zero thermal expansion porous ceramics are required for several applications. In this work near zero thermal expansion porous ceramics were fabricated by using SiC and ZrW2O8 as positive and negative thermal ex...
Low or zero thermal expansion porous ceramics are required for several applications. In this work near zero thermal expansion porous ceramics were fabricated by using SiC and ZrW2O8 as positive and negative thermal expansion materials, respectively, bonded by soda lime glass. The mixture of SiC, ZrW2O8 and soda lime glass was sintered by Pulsed Electric Current Sintering (PECS, or sometimes called Spark Plasma Sintering, SPS) at 700 °C. Sintered samples with ZrW2O8 particle size smaller than 25 μm have high thermal expansion coefficient, because ZrW2O8 has the reaction with soda lime glass to form Na2ZrW3O12 during sintering process. The reaction between soda lime glass and ZrW2O8 is reduced by increasing particle size of ZrW2O8. Sintered sample with ZrW2O8 particle size 45-90 μm shows near zero thermal expansion.
The photoelectrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia (PEC NO 3 RR) has emerged as a promising pathway for facilitating the natural nitrogen cycle. The PEC NO 3 RR can lower the reduction potential needed for ammon...
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The photoelectrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia (PEC NO 3 RR) has emerged as a promising pathway for facilitating the natural nitrogen cycle. The PEC NO 3 RR can lower the reduction potential needed for ammonia synthesis through photogenerated voltage, showcasing the significant potential for merging abundant solar energy with sustainable nitrogen fixation. However, it is influenced by the selective photocathodes with poor carrier kinetics, low catalytic selectivity, and ammonia yields. There are few reports on suitable photoelectrodes owning efficient charge transport on PEC NO 3 RR at low overpotentials. Herein, we rationally constructed the CuSn alloy co-catalysts on the antimony sulfides with a highly selective PEC ammonia and an ultra-low onset potential (0.62 V RHE ). CuSn/TiO 2 /Sb 2 S 3 photoelectrodes achieved an ammonia faradic efficiency of 97.82 % at a low applied potential of 0.4 V RHE , and an ammonia yield of 16.96 μmol h −1 cm −2 at 0 V RHE under one sun illumination. Dynamics experiments and theoretical calculations have demonstrated that CuSn/TiO 2 /Sb 2 S 3 has an enhanced charge separation and transfer efficiency, facilitating photogenerated electrons to participate in PEC NO 3 RR quickly. Meanwhile, moderate NO 2 * adsorption on this photocathode optimizes the catalytic activity and increases the NH 4 + yield. This work opens an avenue for designing sulfide-based photocathodes for the efficient route of solar-to-ammonia conversion.
Prussian blue analogues are highly promising electrode materials due to their versatile electrochemical activity and low cost. However, they often suffer from severe structural damage caused by the Jahn–Teller distor...
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Prussian blue analogues are highly promising electrode materials due to their versatile electrochemical activity and low cost. However, they often suffer from severe structural damage caused by the Jahn–Teller distortion and dissolution of high-spin outer metal ions, resulting in poor cycle life. material modification and electrolyte regulation have been the common approaches to address this issue, albeit with very limited success. We report here a novel and efficient strategy to preserve structural stability by co-inserting Co 2+ and Zn 2+ ions in KCo[Fe(CN) 6 ]. This co-insertion induced a spontaneous and reversible phase conversion by the replacement of low-spin inner ion (Fe 3+ ), which efficiently relieves structural damage caused by Jahn–Teller distortion and metal-ion dissolution, leading to an outstanding Zn 2+ storage capacity and an exceptional improvement of cycle life with a capacity retention of 97.7 % over 4400 cycles at 40 C. We also demonstrated the enhancement of co-intercalation on ion migration using a combined approach of experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work provides an important progress to solve the cycle stability of Prussian blue analogues towards their practical application as electrode materials for aqueous batteries.
Certain types of face masks are highly efficient in protecting humans from bacterial and viral pathogens, and growing concerns with high safety, low cost, and wide market suitability have accelerated the replacement o...
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Certain types of face masks are highly efficient in protecting humans from bacterial and viral pathogens, and growing concerns with high safety, low cost, and wide market suitability have accelerated the replacement of reusable face masks with disposable ones during the last decades. However, wearing these masks creates countless problems associated with personnel comfort as well as more significant issues related to the cost of fabrication, the generation of medical waste, and environmental contaminants. In this work, we present a facile spray-pressing technique for the production of P-masks with a potential scale-up prospect by adding a graphene layer on one side of meltblown fabric and a functional layer on the other side. In principle, this technique could be easily integrated into the present automatic mask production process and the masks have self-cleaning and/or self-sterilizing properties when it is exposed to solar or simulated solar irradiation.
Biointerface design is widely used to functionalize biomaterials with controllable physicochemical properties. Functionalized biointerface provides a versatile platform to connect biological entities and nonbiogenic m...
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Biointerface design is widely used to functionalize biomaterials with controllable physicochemical properties. Functionalized biointerface provides a versatile platform to connect biological entities and nonbiogenic materials. Existing nanofabrication approaches to create such a nanostructured biointerface involve in low stability of the functionalized nanolayer and simple functionalities that limit its applicability. Here, a stable nanolayered synthetic polypeptide (poly[LA‐ co ‐(Glc‐alt‐Lys)] and modified with arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid, PRGD)/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) biointerface is created via structural matching, charge interaction, and hydrogen bonding. The cooperative effect of the PRGD/bFGF biointerface shows multiple functionalities in promoting stem cell adhesion by 33% increase in cell adhesion to poly( d,l ‐lactic acid) substrate as compared to experiments on bare substrate as a control. Moreover, the biointerface enhances proliferation by 40% in cell density, potential differentiation by 62%, and gene expression by 40 and 80% respectively as compared to the control samples. The fabricated biointerface may have applications in nerve regeneration, tissue repair, and stem cell‐based therapy.
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