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2021 China automation Congress, CAC 2021

作者： Fu, Yuzhuo Liao, Xiaocun Lu, Ben Zou, Qianqian Zhang, Zhuoliang Ou, Yarning Zhou, Chao State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation CAS Beijing100190 China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665426473

Accurate localization of robots in a specific environment often requires the cooperation of multiple sensors, and how to establish a more general data fusion model is always a difficult problem. For the localization of robot fish in an indoor pool environment, this paper proposes an adaptive fusional algorithm based on fuzzy inference of dynamic weights. This paper firstly constructs a confidence probability table of sensors' signals based on the calibration data sets of BLE and UWB nodes at different distances, as the basis for updating the weights of the BLE or UWB nodes;secondly, the data obtained by each node in a single sampling period in the robot fish movement is vectorized to form a judgment matrix, and then the estimated distance is obtained by fuzzy inference together with the sensor weight;finally, the coordinates are calculated by the four-point positioning method. In this paper, more than 40 sets of experiments have been carried out with a simplified carangidae-like robot fish. The results show that the average positioning error is about 0.189m, which is 88.3% and 31.8% lower than that of using BLE only and using UWB only. In this paper, the fusional positioning method based on statistics combines the advantages of different sensors to reduce the data scale and achieve data denoising while fusing sensor data, which provides a reference for indoor positioning of robot fish and multi-sensor data fusion. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Fuzzy inference

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A New Constrained Cost Value Iteration for Optimal control of Discrete-Time Nonlinear systems

A New Constrained Cost Value Iteration for Optimal Control o...

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2021 China automation Congress, CAC 2021

作者： Li, Tao Wei, Qinglai The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665426473

In this paper, a new constrained cost value iteration (CCVI) adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm is developed to solve optimal control problems with constrained cost function. The CCVI algorithm is initialized by a feasible control law, and the cost function of this initial feasible control constitutes the constraint condition in the policy update step. The convergence and optimality of the CCVI are analyzed. Furthermore, the feasibility of any iterative control law and the on-line evolving control law are proven. It is emphasized that the feasibility of any iterative control law and the on-line evolving control law guarantee that the CCVI algorithm can be used in situations where the cost function constraint is extremely important. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the effect of the developed algorithm. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： control theory

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Image captioning on fine art paintings via virtual paintings 1

Image captioning on fine art paintings via virtual paintings

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1st IEEE International Conference on Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence, DTPI 2021

作者： Lu, Yue Guo, Chao Dai, Xingyuan Wang, Fei-Yue Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665433372

Machine learning in fine art paintings is attracting increasing attention recently. Image captioning of paintings is of great importance for painting analysis, but it is rarely studied. The paintings have abstract expressions and lack annotated datasets, leading to the data-hungry problem in painting captioning. Thus, painting captioning has more significant challenges than photographic image captioning. This paper makes a novel attempt at generating content descriptions of paintings. We generate virtual paintings using the style transfer technique to deal with the data-hungry problem, then train the painting captioning model via a two-step manner. We evaluate our method on an annotated small-scale painting captioning dataset and demonstrate our improvements. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Painting

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Multi-Task Learning-Enabled Automatic Vessel Draft Reading for Intelligent Maritime Surveillance

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Qu, Jingxiang Liu, Ryan Wen Zhao, Chenjie Guo, Yu Xu, Sendren Sheng-Dong Zhu, Fenghua Lv, Yisheng The Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology School of Navigation Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430063 China The State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety Wuhan430063 China The Automation and Control Center The Graduate Institute of Automation and Control National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106335 Taiwan The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

The accurate and efficient vessel draft reading (VDR) is an important component of intelligent maritime surveillance, which could be exploited to assist in judging whether the vessel is normally loaded or overloaded. The computer vision technique with an excellent price-to-performance ratio has become a popular medium to estimate vessel draft depth. However, the traditional estimation methods easily suffer from several limitations, such as sensitivity to low-quality images, high computational cost, etc. In this work, we propose a multi-task learning-enabled computational method (termed MTL-VDR) for generating highly reliable VDR. In particular, our MTL-VDR mainly consists of four components, i.e., draft mark detection, draft scale recognition, vessel/water segmentation, and final draft depth estimation. We first construct a benchmark dataset related to draft mark detection and employ a powerful and efficient convolutional neural network to accurately perform the detection task. The multi-task learning method is then proposed for simultaneous draft scale recognition and vessel/water segmentation. To obtain more robust VDR under complex conditions (e.g., damaged and stained scales, etc.), the accurate draft scales are generated by an automatic correction method, which is presented based on the spatial distribution rules of draft scales. Finally, an adaptive computational method is exploited to yield an accurate and robust draft depth. Extensive experiments have been implemented on the realistic dataset to compare our MTL-VDR with state-of-the-art methods. The results have demonstrated its superior performance in terms of accuracy, robustness, and efficiency. The computational speed exceeds 40 FPS, which satisfies the requirements of real-time maritime surveillance to guarantee vessel traffic safety. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Graph Attention Memory for Visual Navigation 4

Graph Attention Memory for Visual Navigation

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4th International Conference on Data-Driven Optimization of complex systems, DOCS 2022

作者： Li, Dong Zhang, Qichao Zhao, Dongbin Noah's Ark Lab Huawei Beijing China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex System China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781665459822

ISBN: (纸本)9781665459822

Visual navigation in complex environments is inefficient with traditional reactive policy or general-purposed recurrent policy due to the long-term memory problem. To address this issue, this paper proposes a graph attention memory (GAM) architecture consisting of memory construction module, graph attention module, and control module. The memory construction module builds the topological graph based on supervised learning by taking the exploration prior. Then, guided attention features to reach the goal are extracted with the graph attention module. Finally, the deep reinforcement learning based control module makes decisions based on visual observations and guided attention features. In addition, the convergence of the proposed GAM module for recurrent attention operation is analyzed in this paper. We evaluate GAM-based navigation system in two complex 3D ViZDoom environments. Experimental results show that the GAM-based navigation system outperforms all baselines in both success rate and navigation efficiency, and significantly improves the generalization. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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DriveRP: RAG and Prompt Engineering Embodied Parallel Driving in Cyber-Physical-Social Spaces

DriveRP: RAG and Prompt Engineering Embodied Parallel Drivin...

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Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Jun Huang Hao Ma Tengchao Zhang Fei Lin Siji Ma Xiao Wang Fei-Yue Wang Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei China State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350349252

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349269

In recent years, numerous technological advancements in Artificial Generative Intelligences (AGIs) have demonstrated significant potential to transform the intelligence acquisition mechanisms in connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). Integrating technologies like ChatGPT into CAVs can enhance human-machine interactions. However, the emergence of such new traffic entities may introduce unforeseen hallucinations and complex risks that surpass our current understanding. To address these challenges, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and prompt engineering technologies are being explored to enhance the reliability and safety of autonomous driving systems. RAG retrieves relevant contextual information, such as driving experiences and real-time road network status, from external databases to ensure that foundation models have access to accurate and timely data for informed decision-making. Prompt engineering optimizes the performance of large language models in autonomous driving systems by designing and refining prompts that guide the models’ responses, thereby improving their relevance and accuracy in various driving scenarios. Together, these technologies enhance the robustness and trustworthiness of autonomous driving systems. This paper proposes DriveRP, a framework that integrates RAG and prompt engineering within the Descriptive-Predictive-Prescriptive Intelligence framework of Parallel Driving theory. DriveRP aims to enhance the safety and interpretability of autonomous vehicle trajectory planning, decision-making, and motion control, ultimately achieving the "6S" goals. Grounded in Digital Twins and Metaverse-embodied parallel driving theory, DriveRP provides the infrastructure and foundational intelligence for parallel driving with Multi-modal Large Lange Models(MLLMs). Additionally, the paper discusses future trends and potential research directions, focusing on the "6S" goals of parallel driving: Smart, Safe, Secure, Sensitive, Sustainable, and Serviceable.

关键词： Accuracy Trajectory planning Decision making Transportation Transforms Safety Digital twins Prompt engineering Motion control Autonomous vehicles

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FIT: Frequency-based Image Translation for Domain Adaptive Object Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Siqi Zhang, Lu Liu, Zhiyong Feng, Hangtao State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Domain adaptive object detection (DAOD) aims to adapt the detector from a labelled source domain to an unlabelled target domain. In recent years, DAOD has attracted massive attention since it can alleviate performance degradation due to the large shift of data distributions in the wild. To align distributions between domains, adversarial learning is widely used in existing DAOD methods. However, the decision boundary for the adversarial domain discriminator may be inaccurate, causing the model biased towards the source domain. To alleviate this bias, we propose a novel Frequency-based Image Translation (FIT) framework for DAOD. First, by keeping domain-invariant frequency components and swapping domain-specific ones, we conduct image translation to reduce domain shift at the input level. Second, hierarchical adversarial feature learning is utilized to further mitigate the domain gap at the feature level. Finally, we design a joint loss to train the entire network in an end-to-end manner without extra training to obtain translated images. Extensive experiments on three challenging DAOD benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Planning-inspired Hierarchical Trajectory Prediction for Autonomous Driving

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Ding Zhang, Qichao Xia, Zhongpu Zhang, Kuan Yi, Menglong Jin, Wenda Zhao, Dongbin School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences China Baidu Inc. China

Recently, anchor-based trajectory prediction methods have shown promising performance, which directly selects a final set of anchors as future intents in the spatio-temporal coupled space. However, such methods typically neglect a deeper semantic interpretation of path intents and suffer from inferior performance under the imperfect High-Definition (HD) map. To address this challenge, we propose a novel Planning-inspired Hierarchical (PiH) trajectory prediction framework that selects path and speed intents through a hierarchical lateral and longitudinal decomposition. Especially, a hybrid lateral predictor is presented to select a set of fixed-distance lateral paths from map-based road-following and cluster-based free-move path candidates. Then, the subsequent longitudinal predictor selects plausible goals sampled from a set of lateral paths as speed intents. Finally, a trajectory decoder is given to generate future trajectories conditioned on a categorical distribution over lateral-longitudinal intents. Experiments demonstrate that PiH achieves competitive and more balanced results against state-of-the-art methods on the Argoverse motion forecasting benchmark and has the strongest robustness under the imperfect HD map. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trajectories

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Perception for Coupler Rod of Freight Train Based on Image and Point Clouds

Perception for Coupler Rod of Freight Train Based on Image a...

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2022 Chinese automation Congress, CAC 2022

作者： Guo, Renjie Feng, Jun Yang, Huachang Luan, Dejie Yang, Guodong Li, En Institute of Automation CAS State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing100049 China China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Signal & Communication Research Institute Beijing100081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665465335

In the construction of automated marshaling yards, the automatic uncoupling operation of freight trains has always been the research and development direction. The coupler rod is the operation object of the uncoupling operation. The identification of coupler rod type and estimating position and posture are the prerequisites to realizing automatic uncoupling operation. In this paper, we propose a perception method of coupler rod by RGB image combined with the point cloud. We use an RGBD camera to synchronously collect frame-aligned RGB and depth images and generate point cloud data with colors according to the mapping relationship. Then, we use the YOLOv5 neural network to detect the collected RGB images and recognize the type of coupler rod in the image. Clear clutter in the point cloud and the bounding box is mapped to a spatial coordinate system for straight-through filtering of the point cloud. We use RANSAC for coarse registration and ICP for fine registration. The result of registration is carried out with the lower sampling point cloud model to achieve the registration of the coupler rod. Experiments show that this method can effectively segment the point cloud of the region of interest with high robustness. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Data fusion

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Consistent Extended Kalman Filter Design for Maneuvering Target Tracking and Its Application on Hand Position Tracking

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Guidance, Navigation and control 2022年第2期2卷 33-58页

作者： Lin Tian Yang Xu Wenchao Xue Long Cheng The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190P.R.China School of Arti-cial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049P.R.China The Key Laboratory of Systems and Control National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary SciencesAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190P.R.China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049P.R.China

This paper propees the consistent extended Kalman flter(CEKF)for the maneuvering target tracking(MTT)with nonlinear uncertain dynamics,and applies it on hand poition *** general modlel of the MTT system i presented with unmodleled dynamics in terms of nonlinear unknown function of *** CEKF is propoeed to ensure that the bounds of the estimation error's covariance matrix are av ailable through the flter *** a result,the creponding accuracy of the flter approach can be achieved ***,a CEKF-baaed MTT algorithm is constructed via the tumning aw of the critical parameter matrix QE Finally,the efectiveness of CEKF i verified by MTT numerical simulations and hand tacking expeiments under dilferent ***,two indices are employed to compare the CEKF with extended Kalman filter(EKF):the mean square errors(MSEa)and the bounded percentage,ie the percentage of the rang w bere the estimation error is encboed by the bound calculated by *** MSEs of CEKF are smaller than thoee of EKF,where the worst MSEa of CEKF and EKF are0.14 and 418 in the simulation,a8 well 80.11 and 059 in the expeiments,respectively;all bounded percentages of CEKF are larger than thoee of EKF,where the wonst average bounded percentages of CEKF and EKF ame 87.86%and 14.58%,8 well as 97.41%and 41.79%in the experiments,reapectively.

关键词： Maneuvering target tracking hand position tracking extended Kalman¯lter(EKF) consistency

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