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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Chun Zhang, Hongguang Zhao, Kainan Ju, Xinghai Yang, Lin Systems Engineering Institute AMS Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou China

With the booming of Large Language Models (LLMs), prompt-learning has become a promising method mainly researched in various research areas. Recently, many attempts based on prompt-learning have been made to improve the performance of text classification. However, most of these methods are based on heuristic Chain-of-Thought (CoT), and tend to be more complex but less efficient. In this paper, we rethink the LLM-based text classification methodology, propose a simple and effective transfer learning strategy, namely LLMEmbed, to address this classical but challenging task. To illustrate, we first study how to properly extract and fuse the text embeddings via various lightweight LLMs at different network depths to improve their robustness and discrimination, then adapt such embeddings to train the classifier. We perform extensive experiments on publicly available datasets, and the results show that LLMEmbed achieves strong performance while enjoys low training overhead using lightweight LLM backbones compared to recent methods based on larger LLMs, i.e. GPT-3, and sophisticated prompt-based strategies. Our LLMEmbed achieves adequate accuracy on publicly available benchmarks without any fine-tuning while merely use 4% model parameters, 1.8% electricity consumption and 1.5% runtime compared to its counterparts. Code is available at: https://***/ChunLiu-cs/LLMEmbed-ACL2024. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Embeddings

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Metalenses phase characterization by multidistance phase retrieval

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第9期13卷 1898-1907页

作者： Bowen Liu Jialuo Cheng Maoxiong Zhao Jin Yao Xiaoyuan Liu Shaohu Chen Lei Shi Din Ping Tsai Zihan Geng Mu Ku Chen State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Key Laboratory of Micro-and Nano-Photonic Structures(Ministry of Education)and Department of PhysicsFudan University200433 ShanghaiChina Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University200438 ShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University210093 NanjingJiangsuChina Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences 201315 ShanghaiChina Centre for Biosystems Neuroscienceand NanotechnologyCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Institute of Data and Information Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University518071 ShenzhenGuangdongChina

Metalens,characterized by their unique functions and distinctive physical properties,have gained significant attention for their potential *** further optimize the performance of metalens,it is necessary to characterize the phase modulation of the *** this study,we present a multi-distance phase retrieval system based on optical field scanning and discuss its convergence and *** findings indicate that the system is capable of retrieving the phase distribution of the metalens as long as the measurement noise is low and the total length of the scanned light field is sufficiently *** system enables the analysis of focal length and aberration by utilizing the computed phase *** extend our investigation to measure the phase distribution of the metalens operating in the near-infrared(NIR)spectrum and identify the impact of defects in the sample on the ***,we conduct a comparative analysis of the phase distribution of the metalens in air and ethanol and observe the variations in the phase modulation of the metalens in different working *** system provides a straightforward method for the phase characterization of metalens,aiding in optimizing the metalens design and functionality.

关键词： phase system distribution

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乳液冰冻光交联法连续化制备多孔聚合物材料

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Science China Materials 2023年第7期66卷 2863-2871页

作者：卢润芝方子正江永波赵骞 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China

冰模板法用水作为成孔剂,已成为一种无污染且有前景的多孔材料制备方法.由水溶液制备的多孔聚合物通常耐水性较差,通过冰冻悬浮液可以制备疏水性多孔材料,但需要额外添加有机溶剂,易造成环境污染.基于此,本文提出了一种乳液冰冻光交联... 详细信息

冰模板法用水作为成孔剂,已成为一种无污染且有前景的多孔材料制备方法.由水溶液制备的多孔聚合物通常耐水性较差,通过冰冻悬浮液可以制备疏水性多孔材料,但需要额外添加有机溶剂,易造成环境污染.基于此,本文提出了一种乳液冰冻光交联的方法.首先合成无乳化剂的光敏乳液,然后将乳液冰冻并通过光交联的方式固定由冰晶产生的孔结构,再将冰模板融化即可得到多孔聚合物材料.该制孔过程无需冰冻干燥,且光交联效率极高(几分钟内即可完成),有利于连续化生产多孔聚合物.此外,本方法具有较强的普适性和广阔的应用前景,通过不同乳液配方,可获得包括可拉伸的多孔材料、玻璃化转变温度可调的形状记忆多孔材料,以及具有隔热性能的多孔陶瓷等.

关键词： porous ice templated emulsion shape memory polymers ceramics

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Robust Watermarking Based on Multi-layer Watermark Feature Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Wu, Shaowu Lu, Wei Luo, Xiangyang Sun Yat-Sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Information Technology Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Henan450002 China

The purpose of robust image watermarking is to embed a watermark into a carrier image in an invisible form and extract the watermark successfully even under noise interference conditions to achieve copyright confirmation and traceability. Although watermarking methods based on deep learning can improve the robustness by adding a noise simulation layer, few theoretical analyses of the codec structure have been conducted. Theoretical explainability is the theoretical basis for developing a network architecture, which plays a guiding role in network development. On the basis of the interpretability of convolutional networks, this paper analyzes the mathematical process of embedding and extracting watermarks in codecs and proposes a novel watermarking framework based on multi-layer watermark feature fusion. Specifically, the encoder can be a convolutional network structure of arbitrary depth, whereas the decoder needs only to adopt its corresponding deconvolution structure. To improve the quality and robustness of the generated watermarked image, the watermark is associated with an arbitrary layer feature space in the decoder. In the decoder, the network quickly converges to each original encoding feature space through the deconvolution structure, thus decoupling the watermark features. Finally, the watermark is extracted via the automatic fusion of multi-layer watermark features. The experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for few-shot learning, and its invisibility, robustness and generalization performance on multiple datasets are significantly better than those of other advanced methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Decoding

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QoS-Aware and Routing-Flexible Network Slicing for Service-Oriented Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Wei-Kun Liu, Ya-Feng Dai, Yu-Hong Luo, Zhi-Quan The School of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Key Laboratory on MCAACI Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China The State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518172 China

In this paper, we consider the network slicing (NS) problem which attempts to map multiple customized virtual network requests (also called services) to a common shared network infrastructure and manage network resources to meet diverse quality of service (QoS) requirements. We propose a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) formulation for the considered NS problem that can flexibly route the traffic flow of the services on multiple paths and provide end-to-end delay and reliability guarantees for all services. To overcome the computational difficulty due to the intrinsic nonlinearity in the MINLP formulation, we transform the MINLP formulation into an equivalent mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation and further show that their continuous relaxations are equivalent. In sharp contrast to the continuous relaxation of the MINLP formulation which is a nonconvex nonlinear programming problem, the continuous relaxation of the MILP formulation is a polynomial-time solvable linear programming problem, which significantly facilitates the algorithmic design. Based on the newly proposed MILP formulation, we develop a customized column generation (cCG) algorithm for solving the NS problem. The proposed cCG algorithm is a decomposition-based algorithm and is particularly suitable for solving large-scale NS problems. Numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed formulations and the proposed cCG algorithm. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mixed-integer linear programming

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Robust-Tube Model Predictive Control for Piezoelectrically Actuated Fast Mechanical Switches for Hybrid Circuit Breakers 2

Robust-Tube Model Predictive Control for Piezoelectrically A...

引用

2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Automation Control, AIAC 2024

作者： Chai, Yu Yang, Chen Dong, Huijuan Zhao, Jie Shardt, Yuri A. W. Ju, Bingfeng ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou China Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin China Technical University of Ilmenau Department of Automation Engineering Ilmenau Germany School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529147

Safeguarding high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems against direct current faults is an inherently demanding task. A promising solution to tackle this challenge is the application of piezoelectrically actuated fast mechanical switches (PA-FMS). However, mechanical resonance and random vibrations in the travel curves of P A-FMS have a substantial impact on their control accuracy. To tackle this challenge, a robust-tube model predictive control (RTMPC) strategy is developed. RTMPC drives the disturbed system state into the minimal robustly positively invariant (mRPI) set centered on the target and ensures that constraints are satisfied. The error feedback gain is calculated using the proposed linear matrix inequality (LMI) based method to minimize the effect of disturbances on the trajectory. An efficient outer approximation method is used to compute the mRPI set. Simulation results show that the critically damped travel curves have been achieved, along with a reduction of the external disturbances by 98%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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GLOBAL STRONG SOLUTION FOR THE STOCHASTIC TAMED CHEMOTAXIS-NAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM IN R3

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Fan Zhang, Lei Liu, Bin School of Mathematics and Statistics Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China

In this work, we consider the 3D Cauchy problem for a coupled system arising from the biomathematics, which consists of a chemotaxis model with cubic logistic source and the stochastic tamed Navier-Stokes equations (STCNS, for short). Our main goal is to establish the existence and uniqueness of global strong solution (strong in both the probabilistic and PDE senses) for the 3D STCNS system with large initial data. To achieve this, we first introduce a triple approximation scheme by virtue of the Friedrichs mollifier, frequency truncation operators and cut-off functions, which makes it possible for constructing sufficiently smooth approximation solutions, and facilitating the effective use of stochastic entropy-energy estimates. Then, building on the entropy-energy estimates, we further derive some higher-order energy estimates, which together with the stochastic compactness method permits us to construct the strong solution for the STCNS system. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Navier Stokes equations

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Seismic and geological evidence of hidden faults in the Yinpan Reservoir area based on a dense seismic array

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2401-2407页

作者： Guangyao YIN Huai ZHANG Liwen GONG Q ipeng BAI Yicun GUO Bing ZHANG Yaolin SHI Key Laboratoryof Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application(Chinese Academyof Sciences) College of Earth and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China Beijing Yanshan Critical Zone National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station Beijing 101408China Chongqing Earthquake Agency Chongqing 401147 China Institute of Earthquake Forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China Hangzhou Applied Acoustics Research Institute Hangzhou 311100China State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earths Dynamics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyCASWuhan 430077China

*** November 23,2017,an M_(S)5.0 earthquake occurred in Wulong,Chongqing,China,resulting in tens of casualties and considerable economic ***,the epicenter of this earthquake was located in the transition zone from the... 详细信息

关键词： earthquake southeast seismic

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Improvement and optimization of consensus algorithm based on PBFT 4

Improvement and optimization of consensus algorithm based on...

引用

4th International Conference on Communications, Information System and Computer engineering, CISCE 2022

作者： Zhao, Liang Li, Bin Zhou, Qinglei Chen, Xiaojie Zhengzhou University School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Zhengzhou China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781665498487

ISBN: (纸本)9781665498487

This paper proposes an improved consensus algorithm based on PBFT(EBCR-PBFT). Firstly, The Modified Random Select(MRS) function is used to perform preliminary screening of network nodes, so as to solve the problem of multiple and redundant network nodes. Secondly, based on the idea of clustering, logical stratification of blockchain network nodes can reduce communication times and improve network efficiency. Thirdly, the core module of MRS is optimized by FPGA to further improve the efficiency of the algorithm. At the same time, the improved dynamic reputation evaluation model is introduced to evaluate and feedback the node behavior in time to ensure the smooth operation of the system. Experiments show that the proposed and optimized consensus algorithm can effectively improve the consensus efficiency, timely punish malicious nodes, increase the reliability of nodes, communication overhead, throughput, delay and other high performance, has a certain application value. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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A malware detection method using satisfiability modulo theory model checking for the programmable logic controller system

A malware detection method using satisfiability modulo theor...

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作者： Xie, Yaobin Chang, Rui Jiang, Liehui State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Nowadays programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are suffering increasing cyberattacks. Attackers could reprogram PLCs to inject malware that would cause physical damages and economic losses. These PLC malwares are highly customized for the target which makes it difficult to extract a general pattern to detect them. In this article, we propose a PLC malware detection method based on model checking. Firstly, we improve the existing modeling method for PLC system by using the Satisfiability Modulo Theory (SMT) constraints to model the PLC system. We also present an algorithm that can transform the PLC program to the model. Our SMT-based model can deal with the features of the PLC system such as undetermined input signals, edge detection and so on. Secondly, we focus on malware detection and propose two methods, invariant extraction and rule design pattern, to generate detection rules. The former can extract the invariants from an original program, and the latter can lower the bar for user to design detection rules. Finally, we implement a prototype and evaluate it on three representative ICS scenarios. The evaluation result shows that our proposed method can successfully detect the malwares using four attack patterns. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Model checking

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