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Modulating Oxygen Affinity to Enhance Liquid Products for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Monoxide

SmartMat 2025年第2期6卷 214-223页

作者： Jiayi Chen Juan Manuel Arce-Ramos Ioannis Katsounaros Emiel de Smit Saifudin MAbubakar Yanwei Lum Jia Zhang Lei Wang State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore ExxonMobil Chemical Europe LLC MachelenBelgium ExxonMobil Asia Pacific Pte.Ltd SingaporeSingapore Centre for Hydrogen Innovations National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Electrocatalytic CO reduction(COR)offers a promising alternative approach for synthesizing valuable chemicals,potentially at a lower carbon intensity as compared to conventional chemical ***-based catalysts have shown encouraging selectivity and activity toward multi-carbon(C^(2+))products,albeit typically in the form of a *** COR selectivity toward specific types of C2+products,such as liquid products with high energy density,remains a *** this study,we developed a Cu/Zn bimetallic catalyst composite and demonstrated enhanced selectivity toward liquid products as compared to reference CuO and Cu-based catalysts,approaching 60%at a high current density of 300 mA/cm^(2).Our investigation highlights that the introduction of Zn promoted the emergence of a Cu/Zn heterojunction interface during *** functional theory simulations were used to rationalize the observed differences in selectivity,revealing that interface plays a crucial role in diminishing the oxygen adsorption at the Cu-sites and modifying the adsorption energy of COR reaction intermediates,consequently leading to enhanced selectivity toward liquid products.

关键词： C_(2)liquid production CO_(2)/CO reduction copper/zinc electrocatalysts oxygen affinity

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SPAFuzz: Web Security Fuzz Testing Tool Based on Fuzz Testing and Genetic Algorithm

SPAFuzz: Web Security Fuzz Testing Tool Based on Fuzz Testin...

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Consumer Electronics and Computer engineering (ICCECE), 2021 IEEE International Conference on

作者： Jiang Lin Weiyu Dong School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Information Engineering University Zhengzhou China

Fuzzing is one of the most effective methods currently available for detecting web vulnerabilities. However, traditional fuzzing suffers from issues such as low coverage and limited diversity in test cases. To address these issues, we propose a way to generate test cases based on dynamic feature libraries and attack models by analysing the characteristics of SQL and XSS. Additionally, we introduce a genetic algorithm to guide the population's evolution by monitoring the state changes of the web application. Furthermore, we improved the selection phase of the genetic algorithm to optimally deform multiple iterations for use cases with low fitness values in order to preserve the population diversity to expand the attack capability of the test cases and based on this the SPAFuzz fuzzy testing tool was implemented. Experimental results show that SPAFuzz is able to detect more network vulnerabilities than Sqlmap and Powerfuzzer.

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A Graph Reasoning Model Based on Multiple Types of Nodes 7

A Graph Reasoning Model Based on Multiple Types of Nodes

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7th International Conference on Big Data and Information Analytics, BigDIA 2021

作者： Liu, Yibing Huo, Lijun Zhou, Gang Information Engineering University State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou China National University of Defense Technology Key Laboratory of Information System Engineering Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665424660

Multi-hop machine reading comprehension (MRC) depends on the model to answer a semantically related question based on the given supporting text. In this study, inspired by previous research about Graph Neural Network(GNN), we develop a new graph covering three kinds of nodes: Sentence, Entity, Candidate. A corresponding MRC method based on graph inference is proposed, called SEC reasoner. The advantage of SECr is that it adopts different granular information as graph nodes, which can execute a more comprehensive reasoning. Our proposed model first initialize the node representations by co-Attention, multi-head attention and self-Attention based on context embedding. SECr then employs GNN based information transfer algorithms to collect evidences from the node encoding, and calculates a score for choosing the answer. In experiments, we evaluate the model on two popular benchmark datasets-WikiHop and MedHop. SECr reachs accuracy rates of 71.6%, 63.1% respectively, which is a competitive result. In addition, a comprehensive analysis proves the effectiveness and interpretability of the SECr. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Designing safer lithium-based batteries with nonflammable electrolytes:A review

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eScience 2021年第2期1卷 163-177页

作者： Shichao Zhang Siyuan Li Yingying Lu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Institute of Pharmaceutical EngineeringCollege of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou311215China

Lithium-based batteries have had a profound impact on modern society through their extensive use in portable electronic devices,electric vehicles,and energy storage ***,battery safety issues such as thermal runaway,fire,and explosion hinder their practical application,especially for using metal *** problems are closely related to the high flammability of conventional electrolytes and have prompted the study of flameretardant and nonflammable ***,we review the recent research on nonflammable electrolytes used in lithium-based batteries,including phosphates,fluorides,fluorinated phosphazenes,ionic liquids,deep eutectic solvents,aqueous electrolytes,and solid-state *** flame-retardant mechanisms and efficiency are discussed,as well as their influence on cell electrochemical *** conclude with a summary of future prospects for the design of nonflammable electrolytes and the construction of safer lithium-based batteries.

关键词： Nonflammable electrolyte Flame retardants Lithium-based battery Safety

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A Topic-Aware Graph-Based Neural Network for User Interest Summarization and Item Recommendation in Social Media 28th

A Topic-Aware Graph-Based Neural Network for User Interest ...

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28th International Conference on Database Systems for Advanced Applications, DASFAA 2023

作者： Chen, Junyang Fan, Ge Gong, Zhiguo Li, Xueliang Leung, Victor C. M. Wang, Mengzhu Yang, Ming College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Shenzhen China Tencent Inc. Shenzhen China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer Information Science University of Macau China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031306716

User-generated content is daily produced in social media, as such user interest summarization is critical to distill salient information from massive information. While the interested messages (e.g., tags or posts) from a single user are usually sparse becoming a bottleneck for existing methods, we propose a topic-aware graph-based neural interest summarization method (UGraphNet), enhancing user semantic mining by unearthing potential user relations and jointly learning the latent topic representations of posts that facilitates user interest learning. Experiments on two datasets collected from well-known social media platforms demonstrate the superior performance of our model in the tasks of user interest summarization and item recommendation. Further discussions also show that exploiting the latent topic representations and user relations are conductive to the user automatic language understanding. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Graphic methods

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Organic-inorganic hybrid piezotronic bipolar junction transistor for pressure sensing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 229-244页

作者： Emad Iranmanesh Zihao Liang Weiwei Li Congwei Liao Shunyu Jin Chuan Liu Kai Wang Shengdong Zhang Charalampos Doumanidis Gehan A.J.Amaratunga Hang Zhou Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of In-Memory Computing Chips School of Electronic and Computer EngineeringPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055P.R.China School of Mechanical Engineering Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyShantou 515063P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Device and Integrated Technology Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029P.R.China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 23000PR China School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityNo.132 East Waihuan RoadGuangzhou 510006P.R.China Department of Mechanical Aerospaceand Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of South AlabamaShelby Hall3128MobileAL 36688USA Electrical Engineering Division Department of EngineeringUniversity of Cambridge9 JJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30FAUnited Kingdom Zhejiang University International CampusHainingChina

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things(IoTs),wearable sensors are playing an increasingly important role in daily monitoring of personal health and *** signal-to-noise-ratio has become the most critical performance factor to *** enhance it,on the one hand,good sensing materials/devices have been employed;on the other hand,signal amplification and noise reduction circuits have been ***,most of these devices and circuits work in an active sampling mode,requiring frequent data acquisition and hence,entailing high-power *** this scenario,a flexible and wearable event-triggered sensor with embedded signal amplification without an external power supply is of great ***,we report a flexible two-terminal piezotronic n-p-n bipolar junction transistor(PBJT)that acts as an autonomous and highly sensitive,current-and/or voltage-mediated pressure *** PBJT is formed by two back-to-back piezotronic diodes which are defined as emitter-base and collectorbase *** force exertion on the emitter side,as a result of the piezoelectric effect,the emitter-base diode is forward biased while the collector-base diode is reverse *** to the inherent BJT amplification effect,the PBJT achieves record-high sensitivities of 139.7 kPa^(-1)(current-based)and 88.66 kPa^(-1)(voltage-based)in sensing *** PBJT also has a fast response time of<110 ms under exertion of dynamic stimuli ranging from a flying butterfly to a gentle finger ***,the PBJT advances the state of the art not only in terms of sensitivity but also in regard to being self-driven and autonomous,making it promising for pressure sensing and other IoT applications.

关键词： bipolar transistor IoT

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Noise-Augmented Contrastive Learning for Sequential Recommendation 24th

Noise-Augmented Contrastive Learning for Sequential Recomme...

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24th International Conference on Web Information Systems engineering, WISE 2023

作者： He, Kun Meng, Shunmei Li, Qianmu Liu, Xiao Beheshti, Amin Chi, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xuyun School of Cyber Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Computing Macquarie University Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819972531

Recently, contrastive learning has been widely used in the field of sequential recommendation to solve the data sparsity problem. CL4Rec augments data through simple random crop, mask, and reorder, while DuoRec proposes a model-level data augmentation method. However, these methods do not take into account the issue of noisy data in sequential recommendation, such as false clicks during browsing. The noise may lead to poor representations of learned sequences and negatively affect the augmented data. Current sequential recommendation methods tend to learn the user’s intention from their original sequences, but these methods have certain limitations as the user’s intention for the next interaction may change. Based on the above observations, we propose Noise-augmented Contrastive Learning for Sequential Recommendation (NCL4Rec). Our NCL4Rec proposes sequential noise probability-guided data augmentation. We introduce supervised noise recognition during training instead of obtaining it from original sequences. Moreover, we design positive and negative augmentations of the sequence and design unique noise loss function to train them. Through experiments, it is verified that our NCL4Rec consistently outperforms the current state-of-the-art models. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Contrastive Learning Sequential Recommendation

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Expert with Outlier Exposure for Continual Learning of New Diseases

Expert with Outlier Exposure for Continual Learning of New D...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022

作者： Xu, Zhengjing Chen, Kanghao Zheng, Wei-Shi Tan, Zhijun Yang, Xiaobo Wang, Ruixuan Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing MOE China State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Network Intelligence Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468190

Current intelligent diagnosis systems struggle to continually learn to diagnose more and more diseases due to catastrophic forgetting of old knowledge when learning new knowledge. Although storing small old data for subsequent continual learning can effectively help alleviate the forgetting issue, the heavy data imbalance between old classes and to-be-learned new classes in classifier training often causes biased prediction towards the new classes just learned by the updated classifier. In this study, an outlier detection technique is novelly applied to train an additional expert classifier for new classes to help alleviate the class imbalance issue and discriminate the learned new classes from old classes during inference (instead of the training phase). Specially, the stored small data of old classes are considered as outliers during training the expert classifier, such that the output probability distributions from the expert classifier are expected to be obviously different between test data of the old classes and those of the new classes. Such difference between old classes and new classes can be used to fine-tune the original output from the updated classifier which is responsible for prediction of all learned (old and new) classes. During inference, a novel ensemble strategy is proposed to combine the predictions from the updated classifier, the expert classifier, and the previously learned old classifier. The proposed learning and inference framework can be easily combined with existing continual learning strategies. Empirical evaluations on three medical image datasets and one natural image dataset show that the proposed framework can effectively improve continual learning performance. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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Adversarial Example Attacks Against Intelligent Malware Detection: A Survey

Adversarial Example Attacks Against Intelligent Malware Dete...

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International Conference on Applied Machine Learning (ICAML)

作者： Xuyan Qi Yonghe Tang Huanwei Wang Tieming Liu Jing Jing State Key Laboratory of Mathematic Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou China

With the advancement of information technology and the increasing prevalence of the internet, the number of malware has experienced an exponential, and the security threat to users' property and privacy is becoming more serious. With the great success of artificial intelligence especially deep learning technology in fields such as computer vision and speech processing, deep learning are gradually introduced into the field of malware detection, to process large amounts of malware more efficiently. However, in recent years, researchers have discovered that the deep learning model itself also has security risks. While malware detection based on deep learning brings convenience and technical progress, it also introduces some new threats, such as adversarial examples. This paper investigates adversarial example attacks against deep learning-based malware detectors. First, We reviewed research on malware detection techniques. Then we analyze the works related to adversarial example attacks against intelligent malware detectors. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects in future research.

关键词： Deep learning Computer vision Technological innovation Privacy Perturbation methods Detectors Predictive models

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Traffic Modeling and Rescheduling for High-speed Train Based on Block Sections 4

Traffic Modeling and Rescheduling for High-speed Train Based...

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4th International Conference on Data-Driven Optimization of Complex Systems, DOCS 2022

作者： Yue, Peng Jin, Yaochu Dai, Xuewu Cui, Dongliang Shi, Qi Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China University of Bielefeld Nature Inspired Computing and Engineering Group BielefeldD-33619 Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781665459822

ISBN: (纸本)9781665459822

Affected by unexpected events, the nominal operation of high-speed trains will become invalid. To maintain the efficiency of trains, train dispatchers need to reschedule the train timetable, which is a challenging task. On the one hand, the dispatchers need to take into account complex conflicts between trains on the track;on the other hand, the rescheduled timetable should be efficient to reduce operating costs. To address the above issues, this study proposes a traffic modeling method for high-speed trains based on a block section to describe in detail the operation conflicts between trains. A train rescheduling approach combining reinforcement learning and model predictive control is proposed to accomplish train rescheduling efficiently. The experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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