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arXiv 2023年

作者： Qu, Jingxiang Liu, Ryan Wen Zhao, Chenjie Guo, Yu Xu, Sendren Sheng-Dong Zhu, Fenghua Lv, Yisheng The Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology School of Navigation Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430063 China The State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety Wuhan430063 China The Automation and Control Center The Graduate Institute of Automation and Control National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106335 Taiwan The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

The accurate and efficient vessel draft reading (VDR) is an important component of intelligent maritime surveillance, which could be exploited to assist in judging whether the vessel is normally loaded or overloaded. The computer vision technique with an excellent price-to-performance ratio has become a popular medium to estimate vessel draft depth. However, the traditional estimation methods easily suffer from several limitations, such as sensitivity to low-quality images, high computational cost, etc. In this work, we propose a multi-task learning-enabled computational method (termed MTL-VDR) for generating highly reliable VDR. In particular, our MTL-VDR mainly consists of four components, i.e., draft mark detection, draft scale recognition, vessel/water segmentation, and final draft depth estimation. We first construct a benchmark dataset related to draft mark detection and employ a powerful and efficient convolutional neural network to accurately perform the detection task. The multi-task learning method is then proposed for simultaneous draft scale recognition and vessel/water segmentation. To obtain more robust VDR under complex conditions (e.g., damaged and stained scales, etc.), the accurate draft scales are generated by an automatic correction method, which is presented based on the spatial distribution rules of draft scales. Finally, an adaptive computational method is exploited to yield an accurate and robust draft depth. Extensive experiments have been implemented on the realistic dataset to compare our MTL-VDR with state-of-the-art methods. The results have demonstrated its superior performance in terms of accuracy, robustness, and efficiency. The computational speed exceeds 40 FPS, which satisfies the requirements of real-time maritime surveillance to guarantee vessel traffic safety. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Responses of dissolved organic nitrogen to varied nitrogen deposition: A 16-year nitrogen-addition and cessation experiment in a subtropical forest

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 975卷 179284页

作者： Yang, Dongxing Xie, Dani Mulder, Jan Yu, Qian Huang, Yongmei Duan, Lei State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation School of Land Engineering Chang'an University Shanxi 710064 China Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Box 5003 ÅsNO-1432 Norway State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse and School of the Environment Nanjing University 163 Xian in Ave. Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The leaching of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) signals N loss in forest ecosystems, connecting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The response of DON to varied inorganic N (Nin) deposition remains unclear. A 16-year continuous monitoring of DON in throughfall, soil water, and stream water was conducted under a field N manipulation (10-year Nin addition and subsequent cessation of Nin addition) in a subtropical forest in China. Under reference conditions, the average organic N (Nor) deposition was 23.0 ± 4.9 kg N ha−1 yr−1, with approximately one-third leaching at a soil depth of 30 cm, a value that was higher than those reported for temperate forests. Over a 16-year period, DON concentrations tended to increase in throughfall, soil solutions and stream water. The long-term increase in DON concentrations in soil solutions was primarily driven by increasing Nor deposition and indirectly influenced by decreasing acid deposition. Due to a doubling of monthly Nin input, either as sodium nitrate or as ammonium nitrate, the soil DON leaching doubled, causing the soil to transition from a DON sink to a DON source. After Nin addition ceased, the DON leaching returned to natural levels, and the soil reverted to being a DON sink. This study reveals the importance of Nor deposition and decreasing acid deposition as drivers of long-term trends in DON concentrations in soil solutions, in addition to elucidating the response patterns of DON to increasing and decreasing Nin deposition. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Chronic nitrogen addition Dissolved organic nitrogen Nitrogen deposition Soil acidification recovery Water chemistry

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Design of a Novel Autonomous Docking system With a Supporting Robotic Fish

Design of a Novel Autonomous Docking System With a Supportin...

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IEEE International Conference on Real-time Computing and Robotics (RCAR)

作者： Huijie Dong Chunyang Zhao Tiezhu Qiao Jian Wang Di Chen Yan Meng Junzhi Yu Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan China Institute of Automation Laboratory of Cognitive and Decision Intelligence for Complex System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics College of Engineering State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang China

Underwater supporting robots serving as a relay of energy supplements and communication for other underwater equipment are promising for ocean exploration, development, and protection. This paper proposes a novel autonomous docking system centered on a designed supporting robotic fish named ‘CourierFish’. Specifically, CourierFish is capable of docking with a surface dock station for supplying itself and docking with a seafloor platform for supporting equipment in the platform. A visual navigation scheme integrating LED and ArUco markers is presented for accurate localization. The control approach for docking motion is also illustrated. Simulations and aquatic experiments are performed to verify the feasibility of the proposed docking system. The obtained results lay a solid foundation for the construction of various underwater equipment and robot networks.

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Perception for Coupler Rod of Freight Train Based on Image and Point Clouds

Perception for Coupler Rod of Freight Train Based on Image a...

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2022 Chinese Automation Congress, CAC 2022

作者： Guo, Renjie Feng, Jun Yang, Huachang Luan, Dejie Yang, Guodong Li, En Institute of Automation CAS State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing100049 China China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Signal & Communication Research Institute Beijing100081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665465335

In the construction of automated marshaling yards, the automatic uncoupling operation of freight trains has always been the research and development direction. The coupler rod is the operation object of the uncoupling operation. The identification of coupler rod type and estimating position and posture are the prerequisites to realizing automatic uncoupling operation. In this paper, we propose a perception method of coupler rod by RGB image combined with the point cloud. We use an RGBD camera to synchronously collect frame-aligned RGB and depth images and generate point cloud data with colors according to the mapping relationship. Then, we use the YOLOv5 neural network to detect the collected RGB images and recognize the type of coupler rod in the image. Clear clutter in the point cloud and the bounding box is mapped to a spatial coordinate system for straight-through filtering of the point cloud. We use RANSAC for coarse registration and ICP for fine registration. The result of registration is carried out with the lower sampling point cloud model to achieve the registration of the coupler rod. Experiments show that this method can effectively segment the point cloud of the region of interest with high robustness. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Data fusion

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Magnetically Driven Soft Continuum Microrobot for Intravascular Operations in Microscale

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Cyborg and Bionic systems 2022年第1期2022卷 265-272页

作者： Dan Liu Xiaoming Liu Zhuo Chen Zhaofeng Zuo Xiaoqing Tang Qiang Huang Tatsuo Arai Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Sytems Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Ielligent Control and Decision.of Complex SystemBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Itelligent Robots and Systemsand School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBejing 100081China Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering The University of Electro-CommunicationsTokyo 1828585Japan

Remotely controlled soft continuum robots with active steering capability have broad prospects in medical ***,conventional continuum robots have the miniaturization *** paper presents a microscale soft continuum microrobot with steering and locomotion capabilties based on magnetic field *** magnetically driven soft continuum microrobot is made of NdFeB particles and polyd imethylsiloxane(PDMS),and it can be as small as 200 pum in ***,a hydrogel layer is covered on the surface of the microrobot,which not only overcomes the adhesion force between the microobjects and the soft tip but also reduces the friction between the microrobot and *** performance test indicates the soft continuum microrobot featured excellent control and steering *** experimental results demonstrate that the soft continuum microrobot can travel through the microfluidic channel by its own vibration and flexibly steer in a bifurcation ***,the micromanipulation of microbeads in the microfluidic channels proves that the proposed microscale soft continuum microrobot has a great potential for intravascu lar manipu lation.

关键词： friction robot overcome

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Visual Explanation of Object Detectors via Saliency Maps

Visual Explanation of Object Detectors via Saliency Maps

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IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA)

作者： Jin Xiao Wenrui Liu Xiaoguang Hu Hao Jiang Weipeng Wang Li Yahang State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang University Beijing China Beihang University Beijing China The Third Academy of CASIC Beijing China Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing China

In recent years, rapid progress of deep learning has resulted in object detection algorithms based on deep neural networks nearly completely replacing traditional methods. This shift has led to significant improvements in both accuracy and speed of object detection. However, deep neural networks that support decision-making inobject detection are complex black boxes with hidden internal logic and operations. This lack of transparency results in deep learning models being unexplainable, which limits their practical deployment. In this paper, we analyze the current state and future trends of interpretable technology in object detection and propose an effective object detection interpretable algorithm. This algorithm aims to explain the underlying logic of AI decision-making and provide support for the high performance and credibility of object detection algorithms based on deep neural networks through quantitative evaluation indicators.

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Environmental monitoring system based on hybrid mode network structure

Environmental monitoring system based on hybrid mode network...

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Real-Time Computing and Robotics, RCAR 2021

作者： Li, Zhishuo Yang, Guodong Li, En Liang, Zize Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems 95 Zhongguancun East Road Beijing100190 China Yuquan Road Beijing100049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665436786

To achieve large-scale and high bandwidth environmental monitoring, this paper proposes a hybrid network structure based on the ZigBee network and Mesh network, which consists of the backbone network and nodes, branch network and nodes, and monitoring center. Both the backbone network node and branch network node with sensor information collection and wireless communication functions are designed. And a monitoring center is developed to display environmental information in real time. With the hybrid-mode network, the environment monitoring experiments were carried out to verify the feasibility of the system. The results show that compared to traditional environmental monitoring systems, the proposed system has the advantage of strong networking ability, large bandwidth, long transmission distance, and low cost. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Bandwidth

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Data-Based Online Optimal control for Multi-player Nonlinear Non-zero-Sum Games Using Recursive Least Squares

Data-Based Online Optimal Control for Multi-player Nonlinear...

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2021 China Automation Congress, CAC 2021

作者： Yang, Gaofu Song, Ruizhuo Wei, Qinglai School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665426473

In this paper, optimal control of nonlinear systems for non-zero-sum games is solved with a data-based and recursive least square. The new adjustment law is similar to experience replay algorithm which refer history data and the covariance matrix is introduced for storing historical data, which can avoid the waste of space and time caused by storing a large amount of historical data and collecting data. In tuning process, we use a discount factor which shows how trust to the collected data to guide adjustment law to update the weight. Meanwhile, discount factor can avoid the covariance matrix tending to zero due to accumulation of data. After that, the convergence of the weight is analyzed. Finally, using a simulation to verify the effectiveness of the tuning law. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Covariance matrix

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Optimal synchronization control formulti-agent systems with input saturation:a nonzero-sum game

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022年第7期23卷 1010-1019页

作者： Hongyang LI Qinglai WEI School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

This paper presents a novel optimal synchronization control method for multi-agent systems with input *** multi-agent game theory is introduced to transform the optimal synchronization control problem into a multi-agent nonzero-sum ***,the Nash equilibrium can be achieved by solving the coupled Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman(HJB)equations with nonquadratic input energy terms.A novel off-policy reinforcement learning method is presented to obtain the Nash equilibrium solution without the system models,and the critic neural networks(NNs)and actor NNs are introduced to implement the presented *** analysis is provided,which shows that the iterative control laws converge to the Nash *** results show the good performance of the presented method.

关键词： Optimal synchronization control Multi-agent systems Nonzero-sum game Adaptive dynamic programming Input saturation Off-policy reinforcement learning Policy iteration

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LogisticsVISTA: 3D Terminal Delivery Services With UAVs, UGVs and USVs Based on Foundation Models and Scenarios Engineering

LogisticsVISTA: 3D Terminal Delivery Services With UAVs, UGV...

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IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, SOLI

作者： Yonglin Tian Fei Lin Xinyuan Zhang Jingwei Ge Yutong Wang Xingyuan Dai Yisheng Lv Fei-Yue Wang State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems and State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350379167

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379174

Intelligent logistics with autonomous vehicles is promising to improve the efficiency of rapidly expanding delivery systems. However, complex environments, diverse packages, and irregular human interaction have imposed challenges to the application of unmanned delivery vehicles. Combining various forms of vehicles and developing knowledge-driven delivery services have been the key to further facilitating the upgrading of logistics systems. In this paper, we propose an integrated framework named LogisticsVISTA (Logistics on Vehicles with Intelligent systems for Transport Automation) comprised of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), UGVs (Unmanned Ground Vehicles), and USVs (Unmanned Surface Vehicles) to provide timely and flexible 3D delivery services. In LogisticsVISTA, we design Large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) for task planning, active perception, autonomous decision, and human-machine interaction. Besides, virtual-real integrated parallel scenarios are constructed to provide the playing ground for embodied agents efficiently and flexibly.

关键词： Human computer interaction Training Three-dimensional displays Foundation models Transportation Transforms Real-time systems Resource management Logistics Testing

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