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Aqueous production of sulfur-containing aerosols from nitroaromatic compounds and SO2 in wintertime urban haze

Science Bulletin 2025年第11期70卷 1846-1855页

作者： Yang, Ning Wang, Junfeng Jacob, Daniel J. Ye, Jianhuai Sheng, Ming Niu, Mutong Qin, Yiming Ge, Xinlei Sun, Yele Wang, Zifa Wang, Yuhang Wu, Fengchang Liu, Cong-Qiang George, Christian Fu, Pingqing Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China School of Emergency Management Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong999077 China LAPC Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA02115 United States State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS IRCELYON VilleurbanneF-69626 France

Nighttime aqueous oxidation of fossil fuel emissions is a significant source of atmospheric secondary organic aerosols. However, the underlying mechanism of the aqueous processing remains unclear. Utilizing ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry of water-soluble organic carbon samples, we present field observations that reveal the aqueous-phase conversion of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) and sulfur-containing aerosols from fossil fuel combustion at high relative humidity during a severe haze event in Beijing in the winter of 2016. We have confirmed that the ring-breaking oxidation of NACs can generate nitrous acid in the aqueous phase, which rapidly oxidizes sulfur dioxide (SO2) to sulfate. Subsequently, reactions between sulfate and unsaturated compounds contribute to the formation of aliphatic organosulfates. Our results elucidate a molecular-level understanding of the aqueous production of sulfur-containing aerosols from NACs and SO2 in wintertime urban haze. © 2025 Science China Press

关键词： Sulfur dioxide

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Blockchain-based consensus study on distributed control systems 1

Blockchain-based consensus study on distributed control syst...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence, DTPI 2021

作者： Zhu, Jing Deng, Hongchang Li, Xiang Yuan, Yong Wang, Feiyue College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China School of Mathematics Renmin University of China Beijing China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665433372

In this paper, two blockchain-based consensus mechanisms are proposed for distributed control systems, those are the proof-of-work-based (PoW-based) and proof-of-stake-based (PoS-based) consensus mechanisms. The basic idea and process of these blockchain-based consensus mechanisms are introduced, giving rise to the dynamic, impartial and efficient consensus compared with the consensus protocol achieved by traditional control theories. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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Multi-Sensor Fusion Perception system in Train 10

Multi-Sensor Fusion Perception System in Train

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10th IEEE Data Driven control and Learning systems Conference, DDCLS 2021

作者： Gao, Hongfei Huang, Yongzhen Li, Haoran Zhang, Qichao State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Watrix Technology Beijing Co. Ltd. China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665424233

Environment perception is one of the most crucial modules in a self-driving system. In an open subway environment, pedestrians, equipment boxes and other unknown obstacles often appear. The perception module is required to quickly and accurately recognize the obstacle and measures the corresponding distance data. This paper proposes a detection and ranging fusion method based on one Lidar and two different focal length cameras, which be applied in the subway system, to alert drivers to possible obstacles and assist brake. First, the relative transformation between Lidar and camera is calibrated to find the intrinsic and extrinsic matrices. Modified SSD network is trained on the self-built dataset to detect the potential obstacle and produces the final detection bounding box. Then, rail track segmentation network RailNet is applied to obtain rail shape features, which offers a region of interest (ROI) for sensing systems in point cloud clustering algorithms. Further, the fusion information is utilized to estimate the distance of objects detected by the SSD detector. The proposed method can realize real-time pedestrian detection and range on the onboard embedded platform Jetson Xavier, which satisfies the subway environment's perception requirements. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Optical radar

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An Earth Observation Satellite Mission Planning Method Based on Deep Q-Learning 6

An Earth Observation Satellite Mission Planning Method Based...

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6th International Symposium on Computer and Information Processing Technology, ISCIPT 2021

作者： Chen, Tianyuan Wang, Hongfei Liu, Hao Wu, Peng University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Space Utilization Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665441377

With the increasing number of earth observation satellites and observation demands, satellite mission planning is facing huge challenges. For traditional satellite mission planning methods, there are problems such as difficulty in modeling, high computational complexity, and low scalability. This paper proposes a satellite mission planning method based on Deep Q-Learning. Firstly, a hybrid satellite mission planning model is established that combines the constraint-satisfaction model, the 0-1 knapsack model and the Markov decision model. Then, the decision algorithm based on Deep Q-Learning is used to solve the problem, so that the satellite can make full use of the past mission planning experience to learn the optimal planning strategy. Finally, several traditional satellite mission planning methods-branch and bound algorithm, genetic algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm are compared, and various performances of the algorithms are tested and analyzed through simulation experiments. The superiority of this method is verified. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Satellites

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TASF: Terrestrial-Aerial Synergistic Framework for a New Generation of Intelligent Transportation

TASF: Terrestrial-Aerial Synergistic Framework for a New Gen...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Cong Wang Dujun Nie Ruijun Zhang Siyu Teng Long Chen State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Hong Kong China WAYTOUS Inc. Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems and the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ) Shenzhen China Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

ISBN: (数字)9798331505929

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505936

Terrestrial-Aerial Synergistic Framework (TASF) represents a novel approach to intelligent transportation, integrating terrestrial and aerial vehicles to enhance urban transportation efficiency and capacity. In this paper, we offer an in-depth analysis of TASF, emphasizing its innovative applications in urban transportation, parcel delivery, and emergency response services. TASF incorporates a five-layer architecture comprising perception, communication, planning, control, and interaction. With the five-layer architecture, TASF can achieve effective collaboration among terrestrial and aerial vehicles, encompassing two principal features: terrestrial-aerial synergistic parallel perception and multi-agent parallel management. Parallel perception results from fusing Bird's Eye View (BEV) representations from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs), whereas decentralized multi-agent management employs foundational models to enhance decision-making capabilities. Additionally, we consider challenges and potential solutions related to TASF, including safety, reliability, energy efficiency, management and integration. TASF marks a paradigm-shifting leap in the realm of intelligent transportation systems, providing a scalable and efficacious solution tailored to the dynamic requirements of urban mobility and emergency services.

关键词： Foundation models Urban areas Decision making Transportation Emergency services Land vehicles Energy efficiency Planning Reliability Vehicle dynamics

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Continuous-Time Linear Parallel Output Regulation

Continuous-Time Linear Parallel Output Regulation

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Hongyang Li Qinglai Wei Fei-Yue Wang The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781665426473

ISBN: (纸本)9781665426480

A novel parallel output regulation method is presented in this paper. The framework of the parallel output regulation problem is first introduced. Then, the existence of parallel controller is analyzed detailly in the situation that only the measurable information is obtained. Finally, the simulation example is given to show the performance of the presented method.

关键词： Automation control systems Regulation

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Consensus control of Leader-Following Multi-Agent systems in Directed Topology With Heterogeneous Disturbances

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第2期8卷 423-431页

作者： Qinglai Wei Xin Wang Xiangnan Zhong Naiqi Wu the State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 the School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049and also with Qingdao Academy of Intelligent IndustriesQingdao 266109China the Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca Raton FL33431 USA the Institute of Systems Engineering and Collaborative Laboratory for Intelligent Science and SystemsMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

This paper investigates the consensus problem for linear multi-agent systems with the heterogeneous disturbances generated by the Brown *** main contribution is that a control scheme is designed to achieve the dynamic consensus for the multi-agent systems in directed topology interfered by stochastic *** traditional ways,the coupling weights depending on the communication structure are static.A new distributed controller is designed based on Riccati inequalities,while updating the coupling weights associated with the gain matrix by state errors between adjacent *** introducing time-varying coupling weights into this novel control law,the state errors between leader and followers asymptotically converge to the minimum value utilizing the local *** the Lyapunov directed method and It?formula,the stability of the closed-loop system with the proposed control law is *** simulation results conducted by the new and traditional schemes are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantage of the developed control method.

关键词： Consensus control directed topology external disturbance multi-agent(MA)systems

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Restoring After Central Nervous system Injuries:Neural Mechanisms and Translational Applications of Motor Recovery

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第12期38卷 1569-1587页

作者： Zhengrun Gao Zhen Pang Yiming Chen Gaowei Lei Shuai Zhu Guotao Li Yundong Shen Wendong Xu Department of Hand Surgery Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China The National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Jing’an District Central HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Institutes of Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Institute of Automation State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex SystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantong 226000China Research Unit of Synergistic Reconstruction of Upper and Lower Limbs after Brain Injury Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200400China

Central nervous system(CNS)injuries,including stroke,traumatic brain injury,and spinal cord injury,are leading causes of long-term *** is estimated that more than half of the survivors of severe unilateral injury are unable to use the denervated *** studies have focused on neuroprotective interventions in the affected hemisphere to limit brain lesions and neurorepair measures to promote ***,the ability to increase plasticity in the injured brain is restricted and difficult to ***,over several decades,researchers have been prompted to enhance the compensation by the unaffected *** experiments have revealed that regrowth of ipsilateral descending fibers from the unaffected hemisphere to denervated motor neurons plays a significant role in the restoration of motor *** addition,several clinical treatments have been designed to restore ipsilateral motor control,including brain stimulation,nerve transfer surgery,and brain–computer interface ***,we comprehensively review the neural mechanisms as well as translational applications of ipsilateral motor control upon rehabilitation after CNS injuries.

关键词： Stroke Traumatic brain injury Spinal cord injury Brain-computer interface system Neuroplasticity Ipsilateral motor control Axon regrowth

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Event-Triggered Energy Optimization of Wireless Sensor Networks

Event-Triggered Energy Optimization of Wireless Sensor Netwo...

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IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and control

作者： Lu Liu Ruizhuo Song Qinglai Wei School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472449

Aiming at limited communication and energy re-sources in wireless sensor networks (WSN s), this paper proposes an energy management scheme of WSNs via adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) based on event-triggered mecha-nism (ETM). The optimal control strategy obtained by iteration can schedule the sensor nodes and make the nodes switch between working and sleeping situations, thus improving the energy utilization and extending the service life of the energy-constrained WSNs. Firstly, the mathematical model of WSNs is established, and the state is estimated by extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm to improve the measurement accuracy. Then, ADP solves the designed value function to achieve the scheduling plan. On the premise of system stability, ETM is applied to activate the controller on demand, which can reduce communication burden and save WSNs energy consumption. Finally, the simulation experiment reveals that the proposed algorithm can reduce the unnecessary triggering times of the controller effectively while ensuring the requirements, and avoid data congestion and interaction resource waste.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Energy consumption Adaptive systems system performance Optimal control Optimal scheduling Switches

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system Dynamics-Based Analysis on Factors Influencing Comprehensive Competence of Primary and Secondary School Students

System Dynamics-Based Analysis on Factors Influencing Compre...

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Sifeng Jing Xiwei Liu Xiaoyan Gong Hongxia Zhao The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Automation Beijing China Institute of Smart Education Systems Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries Qingdao China

With rapid progress of artificial intelligence (AI) , it is urgent to promote educational reform to improve comprehensive competence level of primary and secondary school students (CCLPSSS). However, educational reform is a system engineering involving multiple and intertwined factors. In this research, a system dynamics-based model of education reform is developed. Then, based on this model, a series of simulation experiments are carried out to find main factors affecting improvement of CCLPSSS. Results show that: 1) this model could simulate trends of CCLPSSS under different educational reform measures; 2) Measures including teaching mode reform, development and application of AI-based new teaching method, implementation of Double Reduction in compulsory education, implementation of deepening education evaluation reform policy, and development and application of AI-based education evaluation technology could play significant roles in promoting CCLPSSS and further strengthening cultivation of AI compound talents.

关键词： Analytical models Text analysis system dynamics Education Decision making Predictive models Market research

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