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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yang, Lingxiao Dong, Xuewen Wan, Zhiguo Gao, Sheng Tong, Wei Lu, Di Shen, Yulong Du, Xiaojiang The School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University The Engineering Research Center of Blockchain Technology Application and Evaluation Ministry of Education China The Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Secure Computing Xi'An710071 China The Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China The School of Information Central University of Finance and Economics Beijing100081 China The School of Information Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China The School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University China The Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network and System Security Xi'An710071 China The School of Engineering and Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken07030 United States

Sidechain techniques improve blockchain scalability and interoperability, providing decentralized exchange and cross-chain collaboration solutions for Internet of Things (IoT) data across various domains. However, current state-of-the-art (SOTA) schemes for IoT multi-domain data exchange are constrained by the need for synchronous networks, hindering efficient cross-chain interactions in discontinuous networks and leading to suboptimal data exchange. In this paper, we propose AsyncSC, a novel asynchronous sidechain construction. It employs a committee to provide Cross-Blockchain as a Service (C-BaaS) for data exchange in multi-domain IoT. To fulfill the need for asynchronous and efficient data exchange, we combine the ideas of aggregate signatures and verifiable delay functions to devise a novel cryptographic primitive called delayed aggregate signature (DAS), which constructs asynchronous cross-chain proofs (ACPs) that ensure the security of cross-chain interactions. To ensure the consistency of asynchronous transactions, we propose a multilevel buffered transaction pool that guarantees the transaction sequencing. We analyze and prove the security of AsyncSC, simulate an asynchronous communication environment, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation. The results show that AsyncSC outperforms SOTA schemes, improving throughput by an average of 1.21 to 3.96 times, reducing transaction latency by 59.76% to 83.61%, and maintaining comparable resource overhead. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Microgrid Self-healing Control of Distributed Power Supply Combining Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Microgrid Self-healing Control of Distributed Power Supply C...

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Advances in Informatics, Electronics and Education (ISAIEE), International Symposium on

作者： Junfei Han Rulei Han Chaoyu Yu Yuqiang Wang Yifan Zhang Longlong Zhang Ningping Yuan Inner Mongolia Enterprise Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Simulation of Electrical Power System Inner Mongolia Power Research Institute Hohhot China Inner Mongolia Tianda Tiancai Information Technology Co. Ltd. Hohhot China School of Computer Information Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot China

Microgrid is an important part of smart grid, and self-healing is a key feature of smart grid. The purpose of this paper is to combine the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the binary particle swarm optimization algorithm to study the self-healing control of the distributed power supply in the microgrid. Can be used to solve nonlinear multi-objective optimization problems with continuous and discrete variables. At the same time, considering the load shedding effects of fault recovery, switch opening and closing times, active and reactive power losses, node voltage drift, distributed generator performance, etc., it becomes a nonlinear, multi-objective function involving continuous or discrete variables.. After the optimal operation of the traditional microgrid system, the power factor and line loss cannot reach the optimal state. The line loss of microgrid 1 is 0.71, the power factor is 0.88, the line loss of microgrid 1 is 0.72, and the power factor is 0.88. In the plan, plan 1 operates the switch 2 times, plan 2 operates 5 times, and finally choose plan 1 with fewer operations.

关键词： Reactive power Power supplies Heuristic algorithms Power system dynamics Microgrids Switches Time measurement

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Global Future Population Exposure to Heatwaves

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Yuwei Zhao, Na Yin, Xiaozhe Wu, Chaoyang Chen, Mingxing Jiao, Yimeng Yue, Tianxiang State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographic Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing210023 China Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health BostonMA United States Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China

The increasing exposure to extreme heatwaves in urban areas from both climate change and the urban heat island (UHI) effect is posing multiple threats and challenges to human society. Despite a growing number of studies focusing on extreme exposure, research advances are still limited in some aspects like oversimplifies of some inter-individual factors of human exposure, resulting in unreliable and unrealistic estimates of future results. In addition, little research performed comprehensive and fine-resolution global analysis in future scenarios. In this study, we present the first global fine-resolution projection of future changing urban population exposure to heatwaves by 2100 under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) by considering the urban development at global, regional, and national scales. Overall, global urban population exposure to heatwaves is rising under the four SSPs. Temperate and tropical zones predictably have the greatest exposure among all climate zones. Coastal cities are projected to have the greatest exposure, followed closely by cities at low altitudes. Middle-income countries have the lowest exposure and the lowest inequality of exposure among countries. Individual climate effects contributed the most (about 46.4%) to future changes in exposure, followed by the interactive effect between climate and urbanization (about 18.5%). Our results indicate that more attention needs to be paid to policy improvements and sustainable development planning of global coastal cities and some low-altitude cities, especially in low- and high-income countries. Meanwhile, this study also highlights the impact of continued future urban expansion on population exposure to heatwaves. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate change

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Data-driven Global Ocean Modeling for Seasonal to Decadal Prediction

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Zijie Lyu, Pumeng Ling, Fenghua Bai, Lei Luo, Jing-Jia Boers, Niklas Yamagata, Toshio Izumo, Takeshi Cravatte, Sophie Capotondi, Antonietta Ouyang, Wanli School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai China School of Future Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Earth System Modelling School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Potsdam Germany Application Laboratory Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokohama Japan Tahiti French Polynesia LEGOS IRD UT3 CNES CNRS Université de Toulous Toulouse France Nouméa New Caledonia Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Colorado Boulder United States NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory Colorado Boulder United States

Accurate ocean dynamics modeling is crucial for enhancing understanding of ocean circulation, predicting climate variability, and tackling challenges posed by climate change. Despite improvements in traditional numerical models, predicting global ocean variability over multi-year scales remains challenging. Here, we propose ORCA-DL (Oceanic Reliable foreCAst via Deep Learning), the first data-driven 3D ocean model for seasonal to decadal prediction of global ocean circulation. ORCA-DL accurately simulates three-dimensional ocean dynamics and outperforms state-of-the-art dynamical models in capturing extreme events, including El Niño-Southern Oscillation and upper ocean heatwaves. This demonstrates the high potential of data-driven models for efficient and accurate global ocean forecasting. Moreover, ORCA-DL stably emulates ocean dynamics at decadal timescales, demonstrating its potential even for skillful decadal predictions and climate projections. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Digital elevation model

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How to respond to emerging threats of cyberspace security via social engineering? A novel paradigm to solve cyberspace security issues

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Lin, Hao Wang, Chun-Dong Gao, Hao-Yu School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing Novel Software Technology Ministry of Education Tianjin China Engineering Research Center of Learning-Based Intelligent System Ministry of Education Tianjin China College of Data Science and Application Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot China

Cybersecurity researchers always ignore the "people" behind the issues when dealing with cyberspace security issues. The human and technological aspects of cyberspace security must be simultaneously addressed to enable a secure cyber environment. Social engineering is a discipline whose research object is people, and the combination of social engineering and cyberspace security can provide new solution ideas for lots of cyberspace security issues. This paper attempts to answer the question —— "How to solve cyberspace security issues via social engineering?" We briefly review existing frameworks for social engineering attacks and propose a novel, recursive, and iterative framework for social engineering attacks in cyberspace. The existing research achievements of combination of social engineering and cyberspace security were reviewed in the order of cyber personality, hacker psychology, human flesh search, and social engineering defense. To answer this question, we summarized four "guidelines" for using social engineering. Finally, we look ahead, give our thoughts, and discuss answers of the question and future research. It is aimed at getting more researchers of cyberspace security and social science to pay attention to this field. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Cybersecurity

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Shadow detection of moving objects in traffic monitoring video 9

Shadow detection of moving objects in traffic monitoring vid...

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9th IEEE Joint International Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence Conference, ITAIC 2020

作者： Zhang, Mingrui Zhao, Wenbing Li, Xiying Wang, Dan Beijing University of Technology College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing China Sun Yat-sen University Intelligent Transportation Research Center School of Intelligent System Engineering Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation System of Guangdong Province Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Video Image Intelligent Analysis and Application Technology Ministry of Public Security Guangzhou China

Moving object detection is an important application of computer vision. Commonly used foreground separation algorithms such as Gaussian mixture modeling, ViBe, frame difference method, etc., do not consider the color of shadow and recognize the shadow of a moving object as a part of the moving object. In many cases, the shadow detection effect is not good. Focus on the detection of moving object shadows in traffic surveillance videos, this paper improves the existing ViBe algorithm, considers the color characteristics of the shadows, recognizes the shadows as part of the background, gains a smaller amount of calculation and better effect of shadow detection with the advantages of ViBe. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Security systems

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Integrated carbon and nitrogen management for cost-effective environmental policies in China

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Science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6751期388卷 1098-1103页

作者： Xin Xu Xiuming Zhang Yiyang Zou Tianrun Chen Jingfang Zhan Luxi Cheng Wilfried Winiwarter Shaohui Zhang Peter M Vitousek Wim de Vries Baojing Gu State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg Austria. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. Policy Simulation Laboratory Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. Institute of Environmental Engineering University of Zielona Góra Zielona Góra Poland. School of Economics and Management Beihang University Beijing China. Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Stanford CA USA. Wageningen University and Research Earth Systems and Global Change Group Wageningen Netherlands. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Zhejiang University Hangzhou China.

Carbon and nitrogen are central elements in global biogeochemical cycles. To effectively manage carbon and nitrogen in China, we developed a comprehensive model for quantifying their fluxes, investigating their interplay across 16 human and natural subsystems. Between 1980 and 2020, nitrogen losses in China increased 2.3-fold and carbon emissions surged 6.5-fold. Integrated carbon and nitrogen management holds the potential for a 74% reduction in nitrogen losses to air and water and a 91% decrease in carbon emissions to the atmosphere by 2060. Compared with separate control of carbon or nitrogen, integrated management delivers an additional reduction of 1.8 million tons of nitrogen and 26.5 million tons of carbon by 2060, bringing out a 37% decrease in unit abatement cost and a net societal benefit of 1384 billion USD.

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TomoSAR-ALISTA: Efficient TomoSAR Imaging via Deep Unfolded Network

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Muhan Zhang, Zhe Wang, Yue Gao, Silin Qiu, Xiaolan Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Aerospace Big Data Application Technology Suzhou215123 China Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Suzhou215123 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100094 China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department George Mason University FairfaxVA22030 United States

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) has attracted remarkable interest for its ability in achieving three-dimensional reconstruction along the elevation direction from multiple observations. In recent years, compressed sensing (CS) technique has been introduced into TomoSAR considering for its super-resolution ability with limited samples. Whereas, the CS-based methods suffer from several drawbacks, including weak noise resistance, high computational complexity and complex parameter fine-tuning. Among the different CS algorithms, iterative soft-thresholding algorithm (ISTA) is widely used as a robust reconstruction approach, however, the parameters in the ISTA algorithm are manually chosen, which usually requires a time-consuming fine-tuning process to achieve the best performance. Aiming at efficient TomoSAR imaging, a novel sparse unfolding network named analytic learned ISTA (ALISTA) is proposed towards the TomoSAR imaging problem in this paper, and the key parameters of ISTA are learned from training data via deep learning to avoid complex parameter fine-tuning and significantly relieves the training burden. In addition, experiments verify that it is feasible to use traditional CS algorithms as training labels, which provides a tangible supervised training method to achieve better 3D reconstruction performance even in the absence of labeled data in real applications. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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Land water availability altered by historical land use and land cover change

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npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 2025年第1期8卷 1-10页

作者： Tao Tang Junji Cao Jun Ge Haiyun Shi Science Center for Earth System Numerical Simulation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modelling and Application Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

Anthropogenic land use and land cover changes (LULCC) have profound impacts on land water availability, defined as precipitation (P) minus evapotranspiration (ET), through biophysical pathways. However, such impacts have long been debated mostly due to either the inadequate consideration of the atmospheric feedbacks arising from the changes in circulations and background climate in observation-based studies or unrealistic representation of historical LULCC in idealized-simulation-based studies. To overcome these limitations, we use the latest simulations from multiple Earth system models to investigate the impacts of historical (1850–2014) and future (2015–2100) LULCC on P–ET. Here we show that historical LULCC caused an insignificant reduction in global P–ET, mainly in wet regions. Locally, P–ET tends to decrease (increase) in deforestation (reforestation) regions mainly due to the dominant role of precipitation. Approximately 3.8% of the global land area (5.1 Mkm2) even has experienced opposite regime shifts, in which negative (positive) P–ET becomes positive (negative). Under a medium-to-high warming scenario, however, reforestation is projected to decrease P–ET even over reforested areas. This study not only elucidates the hydrological effects of realistic LULCC with atmospheric feedbacks being fully considered, but also highlights that the relative importance of the local effects and atmospheric feedbacks varies with background climate changes. We stress that background climate changes and feedbacks due to LULCC should be considered when planning reforestation and other land-use policies.

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applications of MXenes in human-like sensors and actuators

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Nano research 2023年第4期16卷 5767-5795页

作者： Jinbo Pang Songang Peng Chongyang Hou Xiao Wang Ting Wang Yu Cao Weijia Zhou Ding Sun Kai Wang Mark H.Rümmeli Gianaurelio Cuniberti Hong Liu Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of ShandongUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials(GCL DCIM) Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany High-Frequency High-Voltage Device and Integrated Circuits R&D Center Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices&Integrated Technology Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking Qilu University of TechnologyShandong Academy of SciencesJinan 250353China School of Bioengineering Qilu University of TechnologyShandong Academy of ScienceJinan 250353China Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology(Ministry of Education) Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132012China School of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132012China School of Electrical Engineering Weihai Innovation Research InstituteQingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Jilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchun 130118China Institute for Complex Materials Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden(IFW Dresden)20 Helmholtz StrasseDresden 01069Germany College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Key L

Human beings perceive the world through the senses of sight,hearing,smell,taste,touch,space,and *** first five senses are prerequisites for people to *** sensing organs upload information to the nervous systems,including the brain,for interpreting the surrounding ***,the brain sends commands to muscles reflexively to react to stimuli,including light,gas,chemicals,sound,and ***,as an emerging two-dimensional material,has been intensively adopted in the applications of various sensors and *** this review,we update the sensors to mimic five primary senses and actuators for stimulating muscles,which employ MXene-based film,membrane,and composite with other functional ***,a brief introduction is delivered for the structure,properties,and synthesis methods of ***,we feed the readers the recent reports on the MXene-derived image sensors as artificial retinas,gas sensors,chemical biosensors,acoustic devices,and tactile sensors for electronic ***,the actuators of MXene-based composite are ***,future opportunities are given to MXene research based on the requirements of artificial intelligence and humanoid robot,which may induce prospects in accompanying healthcare and biomedical engineering applications.

关键词： MXenes sensors actuators gas sensors biosensors tactile sensors sound sensors artificial retina

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