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Analysis of motor vehicle performance by using bioethanol from sorghum

AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2568卷

作者： I. Putu Gede Krisna Yoga Yasa Arif Devi Dwipayana I. Gusti Bagus Wijaya Kusuma 1Automotive Technology Program Bali Land Transportation Polytechnic 82161 Tabanan Bali Indonesia 2Master Program in Mechanical Engineering Udayana University 80361 Bukit Jimbaran Campus Badung Bali Indonesia

In recent years, many countries increased their efforts to use biofuels as alternative fuels. One of the most widely used biofuels is bioethanol. Bioethanol is one of the bioenergy produced from plants, a renewable fuel and has a high economic value. Sweet sorghum is a type of plant that contains a lot of sugar and is very suitable for making bioethanol. This research was conducted by testing the torque and power of engine. However, it is necessary to test the extent ratio of fuel and bioethanol in order to be able to produce optimal performance on a motorcycle engine. The parameters employed in this study were torque and power produced by gasoline motors when using pure gasoline (RON 88) mixed with bioethanol and when using pure Pertamax (RON 95) fuel. From the results of research that has been done, it is known that the performance produced by pure gasoline (RON 88) mixed with bioethanol B10 where it contains 90% alcohol, produced a maximum torque of about 5.96 Nm at 6000 rpm and maximum power generated of about 5 horsepower at 6000 rpm. A mixture of bioethanol and premium was confirmed to increase the octane value of the fuel. It is expected that the octane value produced is equivalent to RON 95 so that it can reduce exhaust emissions and improve engine performance.

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Blockchain technology in finance industry

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2019年第12期68卷 1601-1606页

作者： Youn, Seongwook Cho, Hyun-Chong Dept. of Software Korea National University of Transportation Korea Republic of Dept. of Electronics Engineering Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence Kangwon National University Korea Republic of

Blockchain is a peer-to-peer public ledger which guarantees the reliability of all the transactional record without a trusted third party. Basically, all the participants in the network create transactional record, examine the validity of the transaction, and keep the valid transactional record. The whole finance industry including banks and fintechs recognizes the value of the blockchain because of its efficiency and secure mechanism. In this paper, we explained the blockchain mechanism by providing its basic principles, strengths and weaknesses. Then, we provided what comes with it in the finance industry. Though there are still a few disadvantages such as persistence, and lack of the standard improvements and modifications in blockchain technology could overcome them and lead to the broader acceptance. Blockchain is definitely a disruptive technology in the financial system. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： Smart contract

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Improving Land Cover Segmentation Using Multispectral Dataset

Improving Land Cover Segmentation Using Multispectral Datase...

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International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC)

作者： Herlawati Herlawati Rahmadya Trias Handayanto Yaya Heryadi Edi Abdurachman Haryono Soeparno Edy Irwansyah Eka Miranda Informatics Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya Jakarta Indonesia Computer Engineering Universitas Islam 45 Bekasi Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program – Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Trisakti Institute of Transportation and Logistic Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Information Systems Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

Computer vision has been used in many areas such as medical, transportation, military, geography, etc. The fast development of sensor devices inside camera and satellite provides not only red-greed-blue (RGB) images but also multispectral dataset with some channels including RGB, infrared, short-wave, and thermal wave. Most of the dataset is panchromatic (black and white) and RGB, for example Google Map and other satellite-based map applications. This study examines the effects of multispectral dataset for semantic segmentation of land cover. The comparison between RGB with band 2 to band 7 of Landsat 8 Satellite shows an improvement of accuracy from 90.283 to 94.473 for U-Net and from 91.76 to 95.183 for DeepLabV3+. In addition, this research also compares two well-known semantic segmentation methods, namely U-Net and DeepLabV3+, that shown that DeepLabV3+ outperformed U-Net regarding to speed and accuracy. Testing was conducted in the Karawang Regency area, West Java, Indonesia.

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Mechanistic Modeling of Copper Corrosions in Datacenter Environments

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhang, Rui Zhang, Jianshun Schmidt, Roger Gilbert, Jeremy L. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer Science Syracuse University 263 Link Hall SyracuseNY13244 United States Buildings and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37830 United States SyracuseCoE New York Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems Syracuse University 727 E. Washington Street SyracuseNY13244 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer Science Syracuse University 212 Link Hall SyracuseNY13244 United States Department of Bioengineering Clemson University Clemson United States Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering Program CharlestonSC29425 United States

To evaluate the reliability of information technology equipment under various thermal and air-pollution conditions, a mechanistic model based on multi-ion transport and chemical reactions was developed. The model was used to predict Cu corrosion caused by Cl2-containing pollutant mixtures. It also accounted for the effects of temperature (25°C and 28°C), relative humidity (50%, 75%, and 95%), and synergism. It also identified higher air temperature as a corrosion barrier and higher relative humidity as a corrosion accelerator, which agreed well with the experimental results. The average root mean square error of the prediction was 13.7 Å. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Copper corrosion

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engineering Osteogenic Spheroids: The Impact of Endothelial Cell Localization on Vascularization and Differentiation

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Advanced healthcare materials 2025年 e2501390页

作者： Yoonjoo Kang Tae Hoon Kang Hee Sang Ro Nathaniel S Hwang Hwan D Kim Department of IT Convergence (Brain Korea Plus 21) Korea National University of Transportation Chungju 27469 Republic of Korea. Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea. School of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea. Institute of Engineering Research BioMax/N-Bio Institute Institute of Bio Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Korea National University of Transportation Chungju 27469 Republic of Korea.

Bone tissue is highly vascularized, and robust blood flow is critical for successful bone regeneration. However, the intricate architecture of bone vascular networks and the mechanisms governing their development remain poorly understood, necessitating the development of in vitro models that replicate the native bone microenvironment. In this study, we investigated the influence of endothelial cell positioning within co-cultured spheroids on vascularization and osteogenic differentiation. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) are employed to generate spheroids using two distinct co-culture strategies: core-shell and mixed configurations. Core-shell spheroids are fabricated in two arrangements: hBMSCs-core/HUVECs-outer layer (M2H) and HUVECs-core/hBMSCs-outer layer (H2M). Mixed spheroids are created by co-aggregation of HUVECs and hBMSCs. In vitro analyses revealed that endothelial cell localization significantly impacted spheroid morphology and function. Notably, M2H spheroids exhibited the highest VE-cadherin levels, suggesting enhanced endothelial cell-cell interactions. In Matrigel assays, M2H spheroids demonstrated superior angiogenic potential, evidenced by vascular network formation. Furthermore, we evaluated osteoblast differentiation within the spheroids to elucidate the interplay between endothelial cell positioning, vascularization, and bone development. This study provides valuable insights into the processes governing bone vascularization and offers a foundation for developing advanced tissue engineering strategies for regeneration.

关键词： cell differentiation co‐culture osteogenic spheroid vascularization

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SLACK IN CONSTRUCTION - PART 1: CORE CONCEPTS 29

SLACK IN CONSTRUCTION - PART 1: CORE CONCEPTS

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29th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction, IGLC 2021

作者： Formoso, Carlos Tommelein, Iris D. Saurin, Tarcisio Abreu Koskela, Lauri Fireman, Marcus Barth, Karina Bataglin, Fernanda Viana, Daniela Coelho, Rafael Singh, Vishesh Zani, Carolina Ransolin, Natália Disconzi, Claudia RS Porto Alegre Brazil University of California BerkeleyCA United States Industrial Engineering and Transportation Department UFRGS Brazil School of Art Design and Architecture University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield United Kingdom Postgraduate Program in Civil Eng.: Construction and Infrastructure UFRGS Porto Alegre90035-190 Brazil LDConsulting Interdisciplinary Department NORIE UFRGS Civil and Envir. Eng. Dept. University of California BerkeleyCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9786124802546

Construction projects are known to be complex, due to being subject to uncertainty and variability. The use of buffers to protect them from the detrimental impact of variability has been well-researched. A key managerial choice is not whether or not to buffer variability, but rather how to define the necessary combination of buffers. Slack is a concept related to buffers but has been used in the literature to describe a broader range of strategies for coping with complexity. It allows an organisation to adapt to internal pressures for adjustment or to external pressures for change in policy. This paper aims to further develop the concept of slack and to unveil its relationships with other concepts and ideas that are partly overlapping such as buffers, resilience, robustness, flexibility, and redundancy. A concept map was devised in order to articulate the nature of the slack concept. This paper explores in detail this concept map and proposes a conceptual role for slack in the realm of Lean. © Prof. Luis F. Alarcón and Assoc. Prof. Vicente González, IGL2021 All rights reserved.

关键词： buffer complexity concept map Slack uncertainty variability waste

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SLACK IN CONSTRUCTION - PART 2: PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 29

SLACK IN CONSTRUCTION - PART 2: PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

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29th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction, IGLC 2021

作者： Saurin, Tarcisio Abreu Viana, Daniela Dietz Formoso, Carlos Torres Tommelein, Iris D. Koskela, Lauri Fireman, Marcus Barth, Karina Bataglin, Fernanda Coelho, Rafael Singh, Vishesh Zani, Carolina Ransolin, Natália Disconzi, Claudia Guerra Industrial Engineering and Transportation Department Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Interdisciplinary Department NORIE UFRGS RS Porto Alegre Brazil University of California BerkeleyCA United States School of Art Design and Architecture University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield United Kingdom Postgraduate Program in Civil Eng.: Construction and Infrastructure UFRGS Porto Alegre90035-190 Brazil NORIE Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Brazil LD Consulting

ISBN: (纸本)9786124802546

Construction projects are exposed to a wide diversity of variabilities, which suggests the existence of a correspondent wide diversity of variability coping mechanisms, whether they are designed or not. This wide diversity is not properly accounted for by the concept of buffer, as it neglects the social and informal dimensions of coping with variability. The use of the concept of slack is proposed as an alternative. A companion IGLC 29 paper defines slack and discusses its relationships with proxy concepts such as flexibility and resilience. This paper presents nine practical examples of slack in managerial processes and topics that are of interest for the lean construction community. These examples suggest that, while slack has been concealed by the lack of theorization and consistent terminology, it is ubiquitous in lean construction. Opportunities for future studies are outlined. © Prof. Luis F. Alarcón and Assoc. Prof. Vicente González, IGL2021 All rights reserved.

关键词： complexity concept map Slack

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Addressing Climate Change in Brazil: Is Rio de Janeiro City acting on adaptation strategies?

Addressing Climate Change in Brazil: Is Rio de Janeiro City ...

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Energy and Sustainable Development

作者： Andrea Souza Santos Suzana Kahn Ribeiro Victor Hugo Souza de Abreu Transportation Engineering Program Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute - Graduate School and Research in Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9781728183343

ISBN: (纸本)9781728183350

The international scientific community has indicated that anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are likely the main cause of rising temperatures since the mid-twentieth century. Cities have not only been a major contributor to these emissions but are also in locations that will experience the impacts most intensely. Accounting for more than half of the world's population, most built assets and economic activity is concentrated in cities - factors that make these environments highly vulnerable to climate change. The impacts caused by climate change are already being felt in urban centers and have been increasing in recent years. The main problems involving climate change for cities are rising temperatures, rising sea levels, heat islands, floods, and extreme events. Most Brazilian cities already have environmental problems associated with development patterns and transformation of geographical areas. Exacerbated changes in the hydrological cycle by reason of global warming tend to accentuate the existing risks such as floods, landslides, heat waves, and limitations on the supply of potable water. This article presents a case study of Rio de Janeiro city on how the city is acting to confront climate change through adaptation strategies.

关键词： Urban areas Climate change Statistics Sociology Floods Ocean temperature Landslides

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Resilience and Vulnerability of Urban Mobility Systems in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Rio De Janeiro's transportation Fare Policy

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Santos, Tálita Fernandes, Vicente Aprigliano Cardoso, Marcus da Silva, Marcelino Aurélio Center for Sustainable Development University of Brasilia Campus Darcy Ribeiro SGAN 80 DF Brasília70297-400 Brazil Escuela de Ingeniería de Construcción y Transporte Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2241 Valparaíso2362807 Chile Transportation Engineering Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Av. Horácio Macedo 2030 RJ Rio de Janeiro21941-914 Brazil

Resilience of urban mobility is an increasing topic within the academic community. However, most studies are related to threats related to natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, floods) or technical disturbances (such as highway blocking, sudden rupture of specific transport systems). Consequently, there is a gap related to the analysis of the level of resilience and vulnerability in the face of economic threats or inadequate transport policies, which can affect more severely developing countries characterized by social inequality, like Brazil. This work aims to identify which areas of Rio de Janeiro would be the most vulnerable and resilient if a disruptive economic event occurs. We applied a procedure to assess the resilience and vulnerability of the public transport system with commonly used accessibility indicators (travel time, travel cost, and the number of jobs that can be reached in 60 minutes) using fuzzy logic. We consider a scenario where the fare subsidy program in Rio de Janeiro ceases to exist, using data from 160 districts. The results show that the districts concentrated in central areas and endowed with high-capacity transport (train or subway) are the most resilient and least vulnerable, because they are less dependent on intermodal transport to reach the districts that concentrate most of the formal jobs. Therefore, mass transit systems and bus rapid transit help increase resilience and reduce vulnerability. This study seeks to advance methodologically on the research gap related to mobility resilience in the face of inadequate transport policies and the economic adversities generated by them. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Developing countries

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Challenges for and Pathways toward Li-MetalBased All-Solid-State Batteries

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ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021年第4期6卷 1399-1404页

作者： Albertus, Paul Anandan, Venkataramani Ban, Chunmei Balsara, Nitash Belharouak, Ilias Buettner-Garrett, Josh Chen, Zonghai Daniel, Claus Doeff, Marca Dudney, Nancy J. Dunn, Bruce Harris, Stephen J. Herle, Subramanya Herbert, Eric Kalnaus, Sergiy Libera, Joesph A. Lu, Dongping Martin, Steve McCloskey, Bryan D. McDowell, Matthew T. Meng, Y. Shirley Nanda, Jagjit Sakamoto, Jeff Self, Ethan C. Tepavcevic, Sanja Wachsman, Eric Wang, Chunsheng Westover, Andrew S. Xiao, Jie Yersak, Thomas Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 United States Ford Motor Company Dearborn Michigan 48121 United States Mechanical Engineering Department University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Materials Sciences Division University of California Berkeley California 94720 United States Energy and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 United States Solid Power Inc. Louisville Colorado 80027 United States Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne Illinois 60439 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division University of California Berkeley California 94720 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles California 90095 United States Applied Materials Inc. 3225 Oakmead Village Drive B12_2F6 Santa Clara California 95054 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Michigan Technological University Houghton Michigan 49931 United States Energy and Environmental Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering Iowa State University of Science & Technology Ames Iowa 50011 United States Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332 United States Department of NanoEngineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 United States Chemical and Materials Systems Laborat

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