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Evidence of physical deconditioning during psychiatric hospitalization in a Veteran sample

General Hospital Psychiatry 2025年 95卷 109-113页

作者： Ong, Laura E. Ramirez, Gilbert Woodward, Steven H. Department of Psychology Northern Illinois University DeKalb IL United States National Center for PTSD Dissemination and Training Division VA Palo Alto Healthcare System Palo Alto CA United States Men's Trauma Recovery Program VA Palo Alto Health Care System Palo Alto CA United States

Prior observations of low physical activity in psychiatric inpatient care suggest a risk of physical deconditioning, but to date no studies have explicitly investigated this possibility by measuring change in cardiovascular fitness over the course of hospitalization. The present study used mattress actigraphy to obtain a passive measure of sleep heart rate (sHR) among a sample of 111 male Veterans receiving treatment for ptsd at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System trauma Recovery program (TRP). A linear mixed-effect regression model indicated that sHR significantly increased over nights hospitalized, though this effect was attenuated among those who participated at least once in a voluntary cycling program. Conversely, higher BMI at intake was associated with greater increases in sHR over nights. These findings provide evidence of physical deconditioning in the context of residential psychiatric treatment, while suggesting that at least some patients are protected from its impacts. Whole health interventions that promote exercise in tandem with mental health treatment may help to counteract physical deconditioning in psychiatric inpatient settings and should be designed to support patients of diverse fitness levels. © 2025

关键词： Heart rate Inpatient ptsd Veteran

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Resilience to traumatic events related to urban violence and increased IL10 serum levels

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PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH 2017年 250卷 136-140页

作者： Teche, Stefania P. Rovaris, Diego L. Aguiar, Bianca W. Hauck, Simone Vitola, Eduardo S. Bau, Claiton H. D. Freitas, Lucia H. Grevet, Eugenio H. Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul PostGrad Program Psychiat & Behav Sci BR-90046900 Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Fac Med FAMED Dept Psychiat BR-90046900 Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Inst Biociencias Dept Genet Porto Alegre RS Brazil Hosp Clin Porto Alegre PTSD Outpatient Program NET Trauma Porto Alegre RS Brazil

The exposition to traumatic events related to urban violence is epidemic in Brazil, with rate of 80% in the general population, and is becoming a major cause of post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd). The objective of the study was to compare serum levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10) in ptsd and resilient individuals. We hypothesized that resilient individuals present an attenuated pro-inflammatory and enhanced anti-inflammatory state. We conducted a case-control study comparing 30 resilient individuals and 30 ptsd patients exposed to traumatic events related to urban violence. The groups were evaluated using Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20), Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the Davidson trauma Scale. For all individuals, blood samples were collected to determine IL-6, IL-10 and cortisol serum levels. All samples were frozen at -80 degrees C until the assay and were analyzed with the same immunoassay kit and in duplicates. The resilient group presented higher IL-10 levels than ptsd patients [mean (CI95%);1.03 (0.52-2.08) pg/mL vs. 0.29 (0.20-0.43) pg/mL;P=0.002]. There were no differences in terms of IL-6 or cortisol levels. The results provided evidence for increased levels of IL-10 in resilient individuals when compared to ptsd patients, probably conferring them a better anti-inflammatory response after exposition.

关键词： ptsd Resilience Urban violence IL-6 IL-10 Low- or middle-income country

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Adult attachment, perceived stress, and ptsd among civilians exposed to ongoing terrorist attacks in Southern Israel

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PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2009年第8期47卷 851-857页

作者： Besser, Avi Neria, Yuval Haynes, Maggie Sapir Coll Ctr Res Personal Life Transit & Stressful Life Ev Dept Behav Sci IL-79165 Dn Hof Ashkelon Israel New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp Trauma & PTSD Program New York NY 10032 USA Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg Dept Psychiat New York NY USA

This study examined the relationships among exposure to terrorism, individual differences in adult attachment dimensions, perceived stress, and posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd). A representative sample of 254 adults who had experienced more than 7 years of ongoing exposure (OGE) to rocket and mortar fire in southern Israel was compared to 308 individuals with no exposure (NE) to terrorism. OGE individuals reported significantly elevated levels of insecure attachment, perceived stress, and ptsd-symptoms as compared to the NE individuals. The associations between perceived stress and ptsd-symptoms were significantly stronger in the OGE group, compared to the NE group. For OGE individuals, the elevated level of perceived stress mediated the association between Attachment Anxiety and ptsd-symptoms. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

关键词： Attachment Prolonged exposure to trauma Perceived stress ptsd-symptoms Terrorism

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Harmonized cognitive performance in an older adult cohort of Vietnamese American immigrants: The VIP study

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Alzheimer's and Dementia 2025年第5期21卷 e70097页

作者： Gavett, Brandon E. Tomaszewski Farias, Sarah Tiet, Quyen Q. Park, Van T. Harvey, Danielle Vuong, Quyen Hinton, Ladson Kanaya, Alka M. Whitmer, Rachel A. Mai, Lauren Meyer, Oanh L. Department of Neurology University of California Davis School of Medicine Sacramento CA United States Clinical Psychology PhD Program California School of Professional Psychology at Alliant International University Emeryville CA United States National Center for PTSD Dissemination and Training Division VA Palo Alto Health Care System Menlo Park CA United States Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA United States International Children Assistance Network (ICAN) Milpitas CA United States Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center San Francisco CA United States

INTRODUCTION: Vietnamese Americans represent an understudied population with unique risk factors relevant to cognitive aging. The current study sought to model global cognition in the Vietnamese Insights into Cognitive Aging program (VIP) study and harmonize ability estimates with the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set. METHODS: Cognitive data from VIP (N = 548) and NACC (N = 15,923) were analyzed using item response theory. Seven common items were assessed for differential item functioning (DIF);items without salient DIF were used to harmonize the cognitive composite score across the two cohorts. RESULTS: Although five of the seven common items showed evidence of DIF, the magnitude of this DIF was negligible, affecting the factor score estimates of only 12 (2.19%) VIP participants by more than one standard error. DISCUSSION: Global cognitive functioning can be estimated in Vietnamese American immigrants with minimal bias and psychometrically matched to one of the largest studies of cognitive aging and dementia worldwide. Highlights: This is the first known study to model cognition in older Vietnamese Americans. Global cognition was harmonized with minimal bias across two diverse cohorts. Differential item functioning was found in five of seven items, but the impact was not salient. Results create new opportunities to study health disparities in an underrepresented group. © 2025 The Author(s). Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.

关键词： aging cognition cultural diversity item response theory neuropsychological tests

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The effects of insecure attachment orientations and perceived social support on posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms among civilians exposed to the 2009 Israel-Gaza war: A follow-up Cross-Lagged panel design study

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JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2010年第3期44卷 335-341页

作者： Besser, Avi Neria, Yuval Sapir Acad Coll Dept Behav Sci IL-79165 Dn Hof Ashkelon Israel Sapir Acad Coll Ctr Res Personal Life Transit & Stressful Life Ev IL-79165 Dn Hof Ashkelon Israel New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp Trauma & PTSD Program New York NY 10032 USA Columbia Univ Dept Psychiat Coll Phys & Surg New York NY USA

A follow-up Cross-Lagged-design was used to test the effects of attachment orientations and perceived social support on posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) and major depressive disorder symptoms (MDD) in a sample of 135 Israeli students who were evacuated from a university campus located near the Israel-Gaza border in response to increased missile-fire in the area. An internet-based data collection procedure enabled the simultaneous survey of evacuees located up to 40 km from the border at war, both during the fighting and 4 months after the ceasefire. Proximity to the border did not affect levels of ptsd or MDD symptoms, attachment orientation, or levels of perceived social support. Analyses involving Cross-Lagged Panel Correlation (CLPC) path models revealed that Attachment-Anxiety had significant positive effects on ptsd, MDD, and perceived social support. Neither ptsd nor MDD nor perceived social support had any reciprocal follow-up effect on Attachment-Anxiety. These findings underscore the central role of individual trait personality differences in predicting changes in both mental health problems and interpersonal relations over time, following exposure to trauma. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adult attachment Depressive symptoms Perceived social support ptsd War zone Students Evacuees

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Expanding the concept of shared decision making for mental health: systematic search and scoping review of interventions

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MENTAL HEALTH REVIEW JOURNAL 2017年第3期22卷 191-213页

作者： Zisman-Ilani, Yaara Barnett, Erin Harik, Juliette Pavlo, Anthony O'Connell, Maria Temple Univ Coll Publ Hlth Dept Rehabil Sci Philadelphia PA 19122 USA Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth Trauma Intervent Res Ctr Lebanon NH 03766 USA Natl Ctr PTSD White River Jct VT USA Geisel Sch Med Lebanon NH USA Yale Univ Program Recovery & Community Hlth New Haven CT USA Yale Univ New Haven CT USA

Purpose - Much of the existing literature on shared decision making (SDM) in mental health has focused on the use of decision aids (DAs). However, DAs tend to focus on information exchange and neglect other essential elements to SDM in mental health. The purpose of this paper is to expand the review of SDM interventions in mental health by identifying important components, in addition to information exchange, that may contribute to the SDM process in mental health. Design/methodology/approach - The authors conducted a systematic literature search using the Ovid-Medline database with supplementary scoping search of the literature on SDM in mental health treatment. To be eligible for inclusion, studies needed to describe (in a conceptual work or development paper) or evaluate (in any type of research design) a SDM intervention in mental health. The authors included studies of participants with a mental illness facing a mental health care decision, their caregivers, and providers. Findings - A final sample of 31 records was systematically selected. Most interventions were developed and/or piloted in the USA for adults in community psychiatric settings. Although information exchange was a central component of the identified studies, important additional elements were: eliciting patient preferences and values, providing patient communication skills training, eliciting shared care planning, facilitating patient motivation, and eliciting patient participation in goal setting. Originality/value - The review indicates that additional elements, other than information exchange such as sufficient rapport and trusting relationships, are important and needed as part of SDM in mental health. Future SDM interventions in mental health could consider including techniques that aim to increase patient involvement in activities such as goal settings, values, and preference clarification, or facilitating patient motivation, before and after presenting treatment options.

关键词： Intervention Psychiatry Mental health Decision aid Shared decision making

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In this issue of Disaster Health

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Disaster health 2014年第1期2卷 1-2页

作者： James M Shultz Yuval Neria Center for Disaster & Extreme Event Preparedness (DEEP Center) University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA. Trauma and PTSD Program Department of Psychiatry & The New York State Psychiatric Institute Columbia University New York NY USA.

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trauma signature analysis: State of the art and evolving future directions

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Disaster health 2013年第1期1卷 4-8页

trauma signature (TSIG) analysis is an evidence-based method that examines the interrelationship between population exposure to a disaster, extreme event, or complex emergency, and the inter-related physical and psychological consequences for the purpose of providing timely, actionable guidance for effective mental health and psychosocial support that is organically tailored and targeted to the defining features of the event. A series of TSIG case studies has been published since 2011 and TSIG analyses of recent disasters are in process. intends to expedite and feature novel TSIG research focusing on late-breaking disaster events. At the current stage of development, expert consensus is sought for refining the TSIG methodology using a Delphi process. The overarching goal is to create a fully operational system to provide timely guidance for adapting disaster behavioral health support to the salient psychological risk factors in each disaster.

关键词： TSIG disaster response mental health psychosocial trauma signature analysis

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In this issue of Disaster Health

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Disaster health 2013年第1期1卷 2-3页

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Reading the mind in the eyes in ptsd: Limited Moderation by the presence of a service dog

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JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH 2022年 155卷 320-330页

作者： Woodward, Steven H. Jamison, Andrea L. Khan, Christina Gala, Sasha Bhowmick, Chloe Villasenor, Diana Tamayo, Gisselle Puckett, Melissa Parker, Karen J. VA Palo Alto Healthcare Syst Natl Ctr PTSD Disseminat & Training Div 3801 Miranda Ave Palo Alto CA 94304 USA Stanford Univ Sch Med Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci 401 Quarry Rd Stanford CA 94305 USA VA Palo Alto Healthcare Syst Trauma Recovery Program 3801 Miranda Ave Palo Alto CA 94304 USA VA Palo Alto Healthcare Syst Recreat Serv 3801 Miranda Ave Palo Alto CA 94304 USA Stanford Univ Sch Med Dept Comparat Med 300 Pasteur Dr Stanford CA 94305 USA

Persons with posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) frequently experience relationship failures in family and occupational domains resulting in loss of social supports. Prior research has implicated impairments in social cognition. The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) measures a key component of social cognition, the ability to infer the internal states of other persons based on features of the eyes region of the face;however, studies administering this popular test to persons with ptsd have yielded mixed results. This study assessed RMET performance in 47 male U.S. military Veterans with chronic, severe ptsd. Employing a within-subjects design that avoided selection biases, it aimed specifically to determine whether components of RMET performance, including accuracy, response latency, and stimulus dwell time, were improved by the company of a service dog, an intervention that has improved social function in other populations. RMET accuracies and response latencies in this ptsd sample were in the normal range. The presence of a familiar service dog did not improve RMET accuracy, reduce response latencies, or increase dwell times. Dog presence increased the speed of visual scanning perhaps consistent with reduced social fear.

关键词： Stress disorders Post-traumatic Social cognition Expressed emotions

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