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Osteocyte dysfunction promotes osteoarthritis through MMP13-dependent suppression of subchondral bone homeostasis

Bone Research 2019年第4期7卷 354-370页

作者： Courtney MMazur Jonathon JWoo Cristal SYee Aaron JFields Claire Acevedo Karsyn NBailey Serra Kaya Tristan WFowler Jeffrey CLotz Alexis Dang Alfred CKuo Thomas PVail Tamara Alliston Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center San FranciscoCA 94121USA

Osteoarthritis(OA),long considered a primary disorder of articular cartilage,is commonly associated with subchondral bone ***,the cellular mechanisms responsible for changes to subchondral bone in OA,and the extent to which these changes are drivers of or a secondary reaction to cartilage degeneration,remain *** knee joints from human patients with end-stage OA,we found evidence of profound defects in osteocyte *** of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular remodeling(PLR)was most severe in the medial compartment of OA subchondral bone,with lower protease expression,diminished canalicular networks,and disorganized and hypermineralized extracellular *** a step toward evaluating the causality of PLR suppression in OA,we ablated the PLR enzyme MMP13 in osteocytes while leaving chondrocytic MMP13 intact,using Cre recombinase driven by the 9.6-kb DMP1 *** only did osteocytic MMP13 deficiency suppress PLR in cortical and subchondral bone,but it also compromised *** in the absence of injury,osteocytic MMP13 deficiency was sufficient to reduce cartilage proteoglycan content,change chondrocyte production of collagen II,aggrecan,and MMP13,and increase the incidence of cartilage lesions,consistent with early ***,in humans and mice,defects in PLR coincide with cartilage ***-derived MMP13 emerges as a critical regulator of cartilage homeostasis,likely via its effects on ***,these findings implicate osteocytes in bone-cartilage crosstalk in the joint and suggest a causal role for suppressed perilacunar/canalicular remodeling in osteoarthritis.

关键词： MMP13 homeostasis likely

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Temporal image database design for outcome analysis of lung nodule

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COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS 1996年第4期20卷 347-356页

作者： Zhu, XM Lee, KN Levin, DL Wong, STC Huang, HK Hoo, KS Gamsu, G Webb, WR Department of Radiology University of California at San Francisco San Francisco CA 94143 USA Department of Diagnostic Radiology Dong-A University Pusan 602-103 Korea Bioengineering Graduate Program UCSF/UC Berkeley San Francisco CA 94143 USA Department of Radiology Cornell University Medical College New York NY 10021 USA

This paper presents the design of a temporal image database system and its application in thoracic imaging. The design of this information system is based on the client/server architecture. The system consists of a chest imaging database server, a library of image processing modules, a link to the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) archive, and a low end client workstation with motif-based graphic user interface (GUI). The database system can be used to aid the radiologists in quantitating solitary or multiple lung nodules and in assessing effectiveness of therapeutic procedures for these lung cancers. The GUI allows a user to retrieve any patient study from PACS. After a nodule is visually identified, it will be segmented automatically to obtain relevant features, such as the center of mass, volume, and surface area. Such 3D nodule information, together with the patient textual information, is subsequently organized in the chest imaging database to facilitate outcome analysis. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.

关键词： temporal image database image processing image segmentation image display outcome analysis PACS spiral CT lung nodule

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Accessible and accurate cytometry analysis of adherent cells using fluorescence microscopes

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-9页

作者： Daniel Foyt Yiming Kuang Klaus Yserentant Bo Huang Samma Rehem UCSF-UC Berkeley Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA 94143 USA Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA 94143 USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA 94143 USA Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco San Francisco CA 94158 USA Barnard College of Columbia University New York City NY 10027 USA

We have developed a method along with a Python-based analysis tool to capture images and produce flow-cytometry-like data for adherent cell culture utilizing simple accessible microscopes. Leveraging the recently developed generalist algorithms for cell segmentation, our approach efficiently quantifies single-cell fluorescence signals. We demonstrated the utility of this method by screening a set of 88 prime editing conditions using the integration of mNeonGreen211as a reporter.

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DISTINCT MECHANISMS FOR CATARACTS CAUSED BY THREE AA-CRYSTALLIN MUTATIONS

DISTINCT MECHANISMS FOR CATARACTS CAUSED BY THREE AA-CRYSTAL...

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第十八届国际眼科研究大会

作者： Catherine Cheng Joseph Horwitz UC Berkeley/UCSF Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAU.S.A

The mechanisms that control lens refractive index and life-long lens transparency remain ***-crystallins,with chaperone-like activity,are presumably essential for establishing and maintaining lens transparency and hig... 详细信息

关键词： DISTINCT MECHANISMS FOR CATARACTS CAUSED BY THREE AA-CRYSTALLIN MUTATIONS

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Assessing visual discomfort using dynamic lens and monovision displays

Assessing visual discomfort using dynamic lens and monovisio...

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3D Image Acquisition and Display: Technology, Perception and Applications, 3D 2016

作者： Johnson, Paul V. Parnell, Jared A.Q. Kim, Joohwan Saunter, Christopher D. Banks, Martin S. Love, Gordon D. UC Berkeley UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering BerkeleyCA94720 United States Durham University Dept. of Physics DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Vision Science Program School of Optometry University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States

We describe two new methods of reducing the accommodation-vergence conflict using lenses between the viewer and the screen and assess their performance in terms of discomfort and time to complete a task. © OSA 2016.

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580156

关键词： Beam splitters Differential absorption lidar Eyes Fusion Presbyopia Stereoscopic displays

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Affects of surface detection on shape and growth of model tumor spheroids

Affects of surface detection on shape and growth of model tu...

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20th International Conference on Computer Applications in Industry and Engineering 2007, CAINE 2007

作者： Engelberg, Jesse Ropella, Glen E.P. Anthony Hunt, C. UCSF UC Berkeley Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering University of California San Francisco CA 94143 United States Dept. of Biopharmaceutical Sciences BioSystems Group University of California San Francisco CA 94143 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781604239867

This report discusses the cross-section shapes and growth curves created by different proliferation algorithms in an in silico model of in vitro multicellular tumor spheroid growth (MTS). The in vitro MTS system is a model of in vivo tumor growth. The in silico model described herein represents aspects of MTS growth, including its layered structure and growth patterns. An exploration of four algorithms designed to mimic different kinds of cellular proliferation demonstrates that different proliferation algorithms will create distinctly dissimilar cross section shapes and growth curves. Algorithms that minimize surface irregularity and area are the most likely to produce simulated MTS that achieve and maintain a constant size.

关键词： Tumors

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Layered Diffusion Model for One-Shot High Resolution Text-to-Image Synthesis

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Khwaja, Emaad Rashwan, Abdullah Chen, Ting Wang, Oliver Kothawade, Suraj Li, Yeqing UC Berkeley UCSF Joint Bioengineering Graduate Program United States Computer Science Division UC Berkeley United States Google United States Google Deepmind United Kingdom

We present a one-shot text-to-image diffusion model that can generate high-resolution images from natural language descriptions. Our model employs a layered U-Net architecture that simultaneously synthesizes images at multiple resolution scales. We show that this method outperforms the baseline of synthesizing images only at the target resolution, while reducing the computational cost per step. We demonstrate that higher resolution synthesis can be achieved by layering convolutions at additional resolution scales, in contrast to other methods which require additional models for super-resolution synthesis. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Diffusion

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Towards a Full-Field Strain Sensor for Guiding Hernia Repairs

Towards a Full-Field Strain Sensor for Guiding Hernia Repair...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Amy Liao Hobart W. Harris Michel M. Maharbiz the UC Berkeley/UCSF Joint Bioengineering Program Berkeley CA 94709 USA UCSF Department of Surgery San Francisco CA 77005 USA. the Electrical Engineering Department and Bioengineering Department UC Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424492695

Each year, approximately 400,000 ventral hernia repairs are performed in the United States [1], [2]. Large ventral hernias (hernias that occur in the abdominal wall) are typically treated by suturing in a surgical mesh to cover and overlap the hernia defect. However, in 10-20% of patients, the hernia repair fails, resulting in recurrence of the hernia, along with other complications including infection and intestinal obstruction [3], [4]. One potential cause of hernia recurrence is the unequal distribution of stress across the mesh resulting in high stress concentrations at the tissue-mesh interface, particularly at the site of mesh fixation to the abdominal wall muscles[5], [6]. Strain across the mesh can be used as an indicator for how evenly stress is distributed across the surface of the mesh. To this end, we have built a full-field, 3D strain measurement system to enable physicians to actively identify and address areas of high strain during the surgery, thus decreasing the rate of hernia recurrence. The strain sensor uses an optical technique, called the grid method, in conjunction with the defocused particle image velocimetry (DPIV) technique to measure the 3D strain distribution across the mesh. The system can achieve a limit of detection down to 0.4% strain and across a 50 cm range z-axis displacement using a Canon EOS 7D camera with a pinhole aperture mask.

关键词： Towards Full-Field Strain Sensor Guiding Hernia Repairs

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Microfluidic Strategies for Understanding the Mechanics of Cells and Cell-Mimetic Systems

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Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 1000年第1期6卷 293-317页

作者： Joanna B. Dahl Jung-Ming G. Lin Susan J. Muller Sanjay Kumar 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 3UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley California 94720 email: skumar@berkeley.edu 2Department of Bioengineering

Microfluidic systems are attracting increasing interest for the high-throughput measurement of cellular biophysical properties and for the creation of engineered cellular microenvironments. Here we review recent applications of microfluidic technologies to the mechanics of living cells and synthetic cell-mimetic systems. We begin by discussing the use of microfluidic devices to dissect the mechanics of cellular mimics, such as capsules and vesicles. We then explore applications to circulating cells, including erythrocytes and other normal blood cells, and rare populations with potential disease diagnostic value, such as circulating tumor cells. We conclude by discussing how microfluidic devices have been used to investigate the mechanics, chemotaxis, and invasive migration of adherent cells. In these ways, microfluidic technologies represent an increasingly important toolbox for investigating cellular mechanics and motility at high throughput and in a format that lends itself to clinical translation.

关键词： particles droplets capsules vesicles migration chemotaxis

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A comparison of coil combination strategies in 3D multi-channel MRSI reconstruction for patients with brain tumors (vol 31, e3929, 2018)

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NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018年第12期31卷 e3929-e3929页

作者： Vareth, M. Lupo, J. M. Larson, P. E. Z. Nelson, S. J. UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley and University of California San Francisco California USA Surbeck Laboratory of Advanced Imaging Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley and University of California San Francisco California USA Surbeck Laboratory of Advanced Imaging Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley and University of California San Francisco California USA Surbeck Laboratory of Advanced Imaging Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley and University of California San Francisco California USA Surbeck Laboratory of Advanced Imaging Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA

The goal of this study was to find the most robust algorithm for a phase‐sensitive coil combination of 3D single‐cycle and lactate‐edited, multi‐channel H‐1 point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) localized echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) data for clinical applications in the brain. Data were acquired over 5-10 minutes at 3T using 8‐ or 32‐channel array coils. Peak referencing with residual water and N‐acetyl‐aspartate, first‐point phasing, generalized least squared (GLS) and whitened singular‐value decomposition (WSVD) combination algorithms were evaluated relative to unsuppressed water with data from a phantom, six volunteers and 55 patients with brain tumors. Comparison metrics were signal‐to‐noise ratio, coefficient of variance and percent signal increase. Where residual water was present, using it as a reference peak for phasing and weighting factors from an imaging calibration scan gave the best overall performance. Greater improvement was seen for large selected volumes (>720 cm³) and for the 32‐channel array (25%) compared with the 8‐channel array (19%). Applying voxel‐by‐voxel phase corrections produced a larger increase in performance for the 32‐ versus 8‐channel coil. We conclude that, for clinically relevant 3D H‐1 PRESS localized EPSI studies, the most robust technique employed individual phase maps generated from high residual water and individual amplitude maps generated from calibration scans.

关键词： coil combination techniques first‐point phasing GLS lactate editing multichannel EPSI peak referencing PRESS localization WSVD

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