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engineering the environmentally sound warship for the twenty-first century

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 189-217页

作者： Markle, SP Gill, SE McGraw, PS Udr. Stephen P. Markle USN is a career Engineering Duty officer assigned to Naval Sea Systems Command Arlington Virginia where he is Deputy Directs Environmental Programs Division (SEA 03L1 B). He is responsible fm program management activities associated with all ahat environmental protection equipment design and selection of environmental protection equipment and systems fm future surface ship designs (DD 21 CVN 7Z CW LPD 17) and serves on several teams designed to promote Nay wide awarmss of environmental protection requirements and Nay programs to meet these challenges. He is a 1993 graduate of the Naval Construction and Engineering Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received a naval engineers degree and master of science in mechanical engineering. His interest in environmental issues predates his undergraduate studies at Syracuse Universityl State University of New Ymk College of Environmental Science and Fmestry where he received a bachelm of science degree in fmest engineering from the School of Environmental and Resource Engineering. LCdx Markle has qualified as a Surface Warfare Officer and in submarines through the Engineering Duty Dolphin Program he is a member of the Acquisition Professional Community and a graduate of the Defense Systems Management College Advanced Program Managers Course. He is a professional engineer registered in the State of New York and is a member ofthe American Society of Naval Engineers National Society of Professional Engineers American Society for Testing and Materials Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers and Society of Automotive Engineers. Peter 5. McGraw is current the Acting Branch Head ofthe Solid Waste Management Branch (Code 634) of the Environmental Quality Dwrtment of the Naval Surfice Warfare Centel: Carderock Division. As such he is responsible for among other things: the Shipboard Advanced Incinerator RDT&E Program the Submarine Plastic Waste RDT&E Program Solid Waste Processing Equipment Design Acquisitio

The past twenty-five years has been marked by the introduction ed marine environmental regulations that have had a profound effect on how ships are designed, built and operated. Ships being designed and built today must accommodate not only current regulations but anticipate those enacted over their thirty to fifty year life cycles. U.S. Chief of Naval Operations, Office of Environmental, Safety and Health (CNO N45) has articulated a vision for the Environmentally Sound Warship of the Twenty-first Century. This vision incorporates the "Sense of Congress" for a naval ship designed to operate in full compliance with environmental regulations worldwide. The task of the Navy engineering team is to translate this vision into reality;a ship capable of prevailing in time of war and able to conduct operations in all areas of the globe, unencumbered by special procedures for environmental compliance. The keys to this warship design are the early integration of environmentally sound principles, materials, and processes into the ship acquisition process;minimization of both hazardous materials and generation of post shipboard consumer waste during operation;adaptation of integrated systems to reduce the volume of wastes and enhance processing efficiency;reduced manpower requirements;and crew indoctrination in environmental protection.

关键词： Ships Environmental regulations engineering ARTICULATED Navy environmental security

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ELECTRONIC MODULE DESIGN EVALUATION BY THERMAL IMAGING ANALYSIS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1986年第3期98卷 151-156页

作者： HOFFER, KO SHAW, TW ROBERTSON, LD Kip O. Hoffergraduated from Purdue University with a B.S.M.E. degree in 1979 and currently works on thermal analysis projects for the standard electronic module program. Thomas W. Shawgraduated from the Indiana Institute of Technology in Ft. Wayne Indiana with a B.S.E.E. degree in 1971. He has worked as liaison engineer for the Strategic Programs Office on Trident 1 guidance system components and most recently as a reliability engineer for the standard electronic module program. Mr. Shaw's previous experience includes reliability engineering for NAVAIR programs. Larry D. Robertsongraduated from Purdue University with a B.S.E.E. degree in 1973. He worked as test engineer on the qualification program for the standard electronic module program and is currently supervisory engineer of the Engineering Services Section for the SEM program.

Thermal imaging (or thermography) is a noncontact measurement technique which can determine the temperature of an object by measuring the amount of infrared radiation generated by the object. Since it is a noncontact method of temperature measurement, thermal imaging is useful in almost any situation where the surfaces to be measured are in motion, electrically hot, changing temperature rapidly or where a contact measurement would tend to upset a thermal balance. This paper reviews the work being done at the Naval Weapons Support Center, Crane, Indiana, in the areas of thermal imaging and thermal design verification of electronic modules.

关键词： THERMOGRAPHY

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Micropatterning of functional lipid bilayer assays for quantitative bioanalysis

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Biomicrofluidics 2023年第3期17卷 031302页

作者： Montalbo, Reynaldo Carlos K. Tu, Hsiung-Lin Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Nanoscience and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program Academia Sinica National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan

Interactions of the cell with its environment are mediated by the cell membrane and membrane-localized molecules. Supported lipid bilayers have enabled the recapitulation of the basic properties of cell membranes and have been broadly used to further our understanding of cellular behavior. Coupled with micropatterning techniques, lipid bilayer platforms have allowed for high throughput assays capable of performing quantitative analysis at a high spatiotemporal resolution. Here, an overview of the current methods of the lipid membrane patterning is presented. The fabrication and pattern characteristics are briefly described to present an idea of the quality and notable features of the methods, their utilizations for quantitative bioanalysis, as well as to highlight possible directions for the advanced micropatterning lipid membrane assays. © 2023 Author(s).

关键词： Lipid bilayers

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Double Layers Omega FETs with Ferroelectric HfZrO2 for One-Transistor Memory

Double Layers Omega FETs with Ferroelectric HfZrO2 for One-T...

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Annual International Symposium on Reliability Physics

作者： K.-T. Chen C. Lo Y.-Y. Lin C.-Y. Chueh C. Chang G.-Y. Siang Y.-J. Tseng Y.-J. Yang F.-C. Hsieh S.-H. Chang H. Liang S.-H. Chiang J.-H. Liu Y.-D. Lin P.-C. Yeh C.-Y. Wang H.-Y. Yang P.-J. Tzeng M.-H. Liao S. T. Chang Y.-Y. Tseng M. H. Lee Institute and Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan TCAD Silicon Engineering Group Synopsys Taiwan Co. Ltd. Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781728131993

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132006

The 3D double layer Ω-type FETs with ferroelectric HfZrO 2 gate served for one-transistor (1T) architecture is demonstrated and studied for memory reliability. The high endurance is presented more than 10 6 cycles P/E with 4V. Multi-domain model integrated with TCAD is proposed by adding a coupling coefficient for the polarization gradient term of the free energy, and calculating for nanosheet GAA-FETs. The polarization orientation is assigned randomly by Gaussian distribution into individual domain for multi-dimensional 3D device simulation. The data retention is degraded due to depolarization field occurrence at the corner by modeling results. The feasible structure paves the candidate for emerging memory applications.

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SURFACE SHIP COMBAT system UPGRADE engineering

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 180-193页

作者： HOLDEN, RA The author is a physicist in the Systems Engineering Branch Aegis Ship Combat Systems Division at the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC). He received a B.S. degree in physics and mathematics from Arkansas Polytechnic College in 1965 attended graduate school at Southern Illinois University and University of Illinois receiving a M.S. degree in physics in 1967. He was an electro optics engineer for Delco Electronics before joining NSWC in 1972. He worked as a physicist in naval weapons guidance and control technology from 1972 until joining the Aegis shipbuilding program in 1983. Currently he serves as a combat system engineering group leader supporting the Aegis Program Office (NSWC). In this position he is responsible for a task supporting the Aegis Project Office (PMS-400) for present and planned combat system R&D.

Construction of new ships is typically limited to a rate of two to five per year. The lead ship of a class requires several years for design and construction and follow-on ships are completed at the typical production rate. The total time period to complete a class of multimission surface combatants is fifteen to twenty years. As ships are constructed the combat system gradually falls behind in warfighting capability and may be changed piecemeal in an attempt to keep pace with the advancing threat. Piecemeal changes are costly and create a proliferation of equipments and configurations. An acquisition strategy is described which avoids the annual capability upgrades but provides introduction of state-of-the-art technology at preplanned points in the building program. This will insure maximum commonality and modernization. Defining preplanned combat system upgrades consists of engineering conceptual systems as a departure from real systems under development. For modern integrated combat systems such as Aegis this requires evaluating all changes in terms of total impact on the functional and physical characteristics of the system. This paper describes an approach which defines combat system configurations as baselines and periodically evaluates emerging technology to define new baseline configurations. The configurations defined in this manner insure maximum commonality among ships of the class and still maintains warfighting capability.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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FUTURE PROPULSION MACHINERY technology FOR GAS-TURBINE POWERED FRIGATES, DESTROYERS, AND CRUISERS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第2期96卷 34-46页

作者： BASKERVILLE, JE QUANDT, ER DONOVAN, MR USN The Authors Commander James E. Baskerville USNis presently assigned to Naval Sea Systems Command (NA VSEA) as the Ship Design Manager for the DDG 51 the Navy's next generation surface combatant. A graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy Class of 1969 he is a qualified Surface Warfare Officer and designated Engineering Duty Officer (ED). He received his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering and his professional degree of Ocean Engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and holds a patent right on an Electronic Control and Response System. His naval assignments include tours in USSRamsey (FFG-2) Aide and Flag Lieutenant to the Commander Naval Electronic Systems Command and Ship Superintendent Surface Type Desk Officer and Assistant Design Superintendent at NA VSHIPYD Pearl Harbor. He was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal for distinguished performance at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard. As an author he has contributed articles to the ASNEJournaland given presentations at local sections on ship design the use of innovative technology in ship repair and maintenance and the costs and risks associated with engineering progress. Commander Baskerville is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Virginia an adjunct professor teaching marine engineering at Virginia Tech. and in addition to ASNE which he joined in 1975 is a member of SNAME Tau Beta Pi Sigma Xi ASME and the American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Dr. Earl R. Quandt:received his degree of Chemical Engineer from the University of Cincinnati in 1956 and his Ph.D. degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. He worked in the naval reactors program at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory from 1956 to 1963. Since that time he has been with David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center Annapolis Maryland where he is Head of the Power Systems Division. He contributed to this paper while on a one year assignment to the U.S. Naval Academy as V

A turning point occurred in naval engineering in 1972 when the U.S. N avy chose to use marine gas turbines for the propulsion of its new SPRUANCE and PERRY Class ships. This paper reviews the more than twenty years of experience with turbine technology and its design integration into combat ships needed to make that decision. It is concluded that the availability of a good second generation aircraft derivative engine with proven reliability and a strong commercial base, i.e., the LM-2500, was as important to the decision as was the predicted improved ship effectiveness and cost benefits. This paper discusses improvements that can be made to the twin engine, single gear, single propeller shaft system. Focusing only on this mechanical transmission concept, it addresses the impact of possible improvements to the engine, gear, and shafting. In particular, the paper discusses current LM-2500 related R&D efforts to: (a) obtain improved part-power fuel rates, (b) integrate with a reversing reduction gear, and (c) add on a waste heat recovery steam cycle. Looking ahead to the year 2000, this paper suggests that a successor to the ubiquitous LM-2500 will appear in the 15 MW power range to provide the next step in the evolution of the twin engine package. This new naval engine will most likely be based on an aircraft core that exists at present, such that it will have demonstrated its reliability and commercial potential through many hours of testing prior to its mid-1990 marine conversion. This new engine is expected to offer improved air flow, an excellent fuel rate (approaching a flat 0.30 LB/HP-HR), and effective maintenance monitoring, all at some expense in size, weight, and cost. The year 2000 engine will burn a liquid hydrocarbon fuel similar to JP-5 because of its aircraft origins. Combined with advances in gear and shafting technology, the full twin engine propulsion system of the year 2000 should be markedly lighter, smaller, and more efficient than today's units.

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EMERGENCY ASCENT . A DEEP SUBMERSIBLES LAST HOPE FOR RETURN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1969年第6期81卷 23-&页

作者： JONES, RA Mr. Robert A. Jones is a Naval Architect in the Deck Systems Branch of the Naval Ship Engineering Center Hyattsville Md. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Illinois. Upon joining NAVSEC in 1965 he completed the Hull Systems and Weapons Support Division Junior Engineer Training Program and was then assigned to his present position which includes design and system engineering for submersible vehicle mechanical system equipment jettisoning system underwater work tools and submersible vehicle certification. He is a Registered Engineer in Training in the State of Illinois. He is a member of the Marine Technology Society and the Association of Senior Engineers of the Naval Ship Systems Command.

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Affordability, logistics R&D and fleet systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第3期108卷 199-213页

作者： Schulte, DP Skolnick, A He has supported the development and operation of several naval systems including advanced component selection for Trident II fire control and navigation systems. He served as branch manager of the Surface Ship ASW Combat System Branch which acted as the acquisition engineering agent for the AN/SQQ-89 Surface Ship Anti-Submarine Warfare Weapon System. He was then selected to manage the Module Engineering Department which provided engineering support to numerous naval systems including the AN/BSY-1 Submarine Combat System and the Trident II fire control and navigation system. He then served as the deputy program manager for NAVSEA Progressive Maintenance (2M/ATE). He holds a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University and currently is pursuing a Maste's degree in Public Environmental Affairs at Indiana University—Purdue University Indianapolis. He served at Applied Physics Laboratory/The Johns Hopkins University in missile development then aboard USS Boston (CAG-1) and played leading roles in several weapon system developments (Regulus Terrier Tartar Talos) inertial navigation (Polaris) deep submergence (DSRV) and advanced ship designs (SES). He later was director Combat System Integration Naval Sea Systems Command and head Combat Projects Naval Ship Engineering Center. He led the Navy's High Energy Lasers and Directed Energy Weapons development efforts. He was vice president advanced technology at Operations Research Inc. and vice president maritime engineering at Defense Group Inc. before starting SSC in 1991. Dr. Skolnick holds a B.S. degree in Mathematics and Economics Queens College an M.A. degree in Mathematics and Philosophy Columbia University an M.S. degree in Electrical/Aeronautical Engineering U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics from Polytechnic University in New York. He is the author of many published papers on engineering design issues source selection procedures and large-scale complex technology problems

The Fleet continues to require high performance systems that can operate with dependability in the seas' unforgiving environments and under hostile action. Those demands are not new. What has changed is the urgent priority formerly assigned to national defense issues. The arguments for continued superpower military strength are now roiled in politics along with unsettled budgets and uncertain force level projections. Current expectations revolve about indefinite fiscal and operational issues (difficult funding constraints and broadband threats). In the actual event of ''doing more with less,'' a practical response is to apply the creative power available from sound engineering judgement and the crucible of experience to the immediate needs of the Fleet. The attempt to shorten the path between advanced development effort and Fleet use has been tried occasionally in the past, often, without exemplary results. The Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practices (SHARP) program, is a generic R&D effort under OpNav sponsorship that has been working steadily on sensible solutions to product engineering problems. Armed today with fast-time, large-scale computation abilities and modern tools for technical problem solving coupled with specialized engineering knowledge, it has been refreshed and is underway satisfying existing Fleet needs. The relationship between fully responsive engineering services and current operational needs is always demanding. The connection between advanced engineering development (6.3 category funds) and immediate Fleet usage brings added complexity and challenge, both technical and organizational. Illustrative examples of affordable engineering solutions to ''retain, revise, replace or retire'' questions are presented within the context of both Fleet realities and budgetary limitations. The discussion covers legacy system support, civil/military considerations and Fleet maintenance issues. It describes the substantial and critical payoffs i

关键词： Warships

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AUTOMATION OF PROPELLER INSPECTION AND FINISHING

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 124-131页

作者： STERN, H METZGER, R Howard K. Stern:is presently vice president of Robotic Vision Systems Inc. He received a bachelor of electrical engineering degree from College of the City of New York in 1960. Mr. Stern joined Dynell Electronics Corporation in 1971 and became part of the Robotic Vision Systems Inc. staff at the time of its spin-off from Dynell. He was program manager of the various three-dimensional sensing and replication systems constructed by Dynell and Robotic Vision Systems. As program manager his responsibilities encompassed technical administrative and operational areas. The first two portrait sculpture studio systems and the first three replication systems built by Robotic Vision Systems Inc. were designed manufactured and operated under his direction. Before joining Dynell Mr. Stern was a senior engineer at Instrument Systems Corporation and chief engineer of the Special Products Division of General Instrument Corporation. Prior to these positions Mr. Stern was chief engineer of Edo Commercial Corporation. At General Instrument and Edo Commercial he was responsible for the design and manufacture of military and commercial avionics equipment. Mr. Stern is presently responsible for directing the systems design and development for all of the company's programs. Robert J. Metzger:is currently engineering group leader at Robotic Vision Systems Inc. He graduated summa cum laude from the Cooper Union in 1972 with a bachelor of electrical engineering degree. Under sponsorship of a National Science Foundation graduate fellowship he graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1974 with the degrees of electrical engineer and master of science (electrical engineering). In 1979 Mr. Metzger graduated from Polytechnic Institute of New York with the degree of master of science (computer science). Since 1974 Mr. Metzger has been actively engaged in the design of systems and software for noncontact threedimensional optical measurement for both military and commercial applications. Of particular note are his c

Ship's propellers are currently measured by manual procedures using pitchometers, templates and gauges. This measurement process is extremely tedious, labor intensive and time consuming. In an effort to provide increased accuracy, repeatability and cost effectiveness in propeller manufacture, an automated propeller optical measurement system (APOMS) has been built which rapidly and automatically scans an entire ship's propeller using a 3-D vision sensor. This equipment is integrated with a propeller robotic automated templating system (PRATS) and the propeller optical finishing system (PROFS) which robotically template and grind the propeller to its final shape, using the APOMS-derived data for control feedback. The optical scanning and the final shape are both controlled by CAD/CAM data files describing the desired propeller shape. An automated propeller balancing system is incorporated into the PROFS equipment. The APOMS/PRATS/PROFS equipment is expected to provide lower propeller manufacturing costs.

关键词： PROPELLERS

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Drone-borne calibration pulser for radio observatories detecting ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos 38

Drone-borne calibration pulser for radio observatories detec...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Nam, J. Kuo, C.-Y. Shin, B.K. Chen, P. Chen, Y. Hsu, S.-Y. Huang, J.-J. Huang, M.-H.A. Leung, C.H. Liu, T.-C. Wang, S.-H. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, Y.-H. Besson, D. Novikov, A. Hornhuber, C. Young, R. Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan Korea Republic of Department of Energy and Resources National United University Miaoli Taiwan Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Department of applied physics National PingTung university PingTung900 Taiwan Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University TaoYuan335 Taiwan Undergraduate Degree Program of Systems Engineering and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas Lawrence United States Instrumentation Design Lab University of Kansas Lawrence United States Moscow Russia Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Astronomy-Mathematics Building No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd. Taipei Taiwan

We report on the development of a drone-borne calibration pulser (cal-pulser) for radio observatories detecting ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic rays and neutrinos. This system allows us to calibrate the radio detector in its field of view regardless of the accessibility of the site. The system is compact and sufficiently lightweight to be attached to a commercial drone. It consists of a solid-state high-power pulse generator, a programmable attenuator, a transmitting antenna, and a differential GPS (D-GPS) module. The drone, with the ∼1.3 kg payload, has a typical flight time of around 25 minutes, corresponding to a maximum flight distance of around 10 km. After developing the first version of the system in 2019, it successfully demonstrated its calibration performance with the TAROGE stations in Taiwan and the TAROGE-M station in Mt. Melbourne, Antarctica. In 2022, the system was upgraded with a dual-band D-GPS for more reliable operation and more accurate determination of the coordinates of the cal-pulser. In addition to the cal-pulser, we investigated aerial photogrammetry using the built-in camera and the D-GPS, which is an efficient method to determine the coordinates of the detector. For objects within 10 m of the drone, an accuracy of a few millimeter was achieved. These drone-borne cal-pulser and the photogrammetry have become essential calibration procedures in the TAROGE-M experiment. We suggest these approaches may find application in many other radio experiments that detect UHE cosmic rays and neutrinos, such as ARIANNA, BEACON, GRAND, as well as IceCube-Gen2. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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