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LSCS-Net: A lightweight skin cancer segmentation network with densely connected multi-rate atrous convolution

computers in Biology and Medicine 2024年 173卷 108303-108303页

作者： Din, Sadia Mourad, Omar Serpedin, Erchin Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas A&M University Doha Qatar Weill Cornell Medicine Doha Qatar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX United States

The rising occurrence and notable public health consequences of skin cancer, especially of the most challenging form known as melanoma, have created an urgent demand for more advanced approaches to disease management. The integration of modern computer vision methods into clinical procedures offers the potential for enhancing the detection of skin cancer. The UNet model has gained prominence as a valuable tool for this objective, continuously evolving to tackle the difficulties associated with the inherent diversity of dermatological images. These challenges stem from diverse medical origins and are further complicated by variations in lighting, patient characteristics, and hair density. In this work, we present an innovative end-to-end trainable network crafted for the segmentation of skin cancer. This network comprises an encoder–decoder architecture, a novel feature extraction block, and a densely connected multi-rate Atrous convolution block. We evaluated the performance of the proposed lightweight skin cancer segmentation network (LSCS-Net) on three widely used benchmark datasets for skin lesion segmentation: ISIC 2016, ISIC 2017, and ISIC 2018. The generalization capabilities of LSCS-Net are testified by the excellent performance on breast cancer and thyroid nodule segmentation datasets. The empirical findings confirm that LSCS-net attains state-of-the-art results, as demonstrated by a significantly elevated Jaccard index. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Convolution

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Analysis of Gait Data Based on Deep Learning to Predict Multiple Balance Scale Scores

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2024年第1期24卷 920-930页

作者： Lin, Chueh-Ho Peng, Chih-Wei Lee, I-Jung Wu, Chi-Ming Lin, Bor-Shing Taipei Medical University International Ph.D. Program in Gerontology and Long-Term Care Taipei City110 Taiwan Taipei Medical University Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice Wan Fang Hospital Taipei City110 Taiwan Taipei Medical University School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei City110 Taiwan Taipei Medical University School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care College of Nursing Taipei City110 Taiwan National Taipei University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering New Taipei City237 Taiwan National Taipei University College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science New Taipei City237 Taiwan

Unbalanced walking is increasingly common among older adults;therefore, routinely assessing the balance of older adults is crucial. The traditional method of assessing balance uses scales, requires the supervision of a physical therapist (PT), and is time-consuming. The present study, therefore, proposes a deep learning (DL) model architecture that combines a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network model to predict the scores of three scales, namely the Berg balance scale (BBS), timed up and go (TUG), and single-leg stance (SLS). The gait data of 15 m of walking were collected from seven inertial measurement units (IMUs) and input into the CNN-LSTM model for evaluation. The BBS and TUG only require the participants to wear two IMUs on the left and right thighs, respectively, for accurate predictions. The mean absolute errors (MAEs) of predicting the scores of the BBS and TUG are 1.2562 and 1.4016 s, respectively;however, the MAE of score predictions of SLS is higher than that of the BBS and TUG, indicating that gait data cannot be used for assessing SLS;moreover, participants only wear one IMU on the right calf for BBS and TUG evaluations, which yield MAEs of 1.4334 and 1.5229 s, respectively. The proposed system can quickly and accurately predict the scores of the BBS and TUG. The proposed model can assist PTs with making clinical decisions. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Instance Segmentation of Damaged Insulators for Power System Inspection and Maintenance

Instance Segmentation of Damaged Insulators for Power System...

引用

2024 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications, DASA 2024

作者： Merin, Jovencio Alon, Alvin Sarraga Pinkihan, Joel Sandil, Ricky C. Delos Santos Ligayo, Michael Angelo Arago, Ryan Flores Sevilla, Rovenson Cunanan, Christopher Technological University of the Philippines Dept. of Electrical Engineering Manila Philippines Center for AI Research Department of Trade and Industry Makati City Philippines College of Computing Sciences Ifugao State University Ifugao Philippines College Preparatory Program Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia College of Engineering Quezon City University Quezon City Philippines Technological University of the Philippines Department of Electrical Engineering Manila Philippines Bulacan State University Christopher Franco Cunanan Computer Engineering Department Bulacan Philippines

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369106

This paper introduces a novel approach for power system inspection using Mask-RCNN, an advanced model for instance segmentation. The accuracy of our model in identifying and diagnosing damaged low- to medium-voltage insulators is exceptional, as evidenced by its Mean Average Precision (mAP) score of 98.7%• Throughout the training process, the model exhibited minimal loss metrics, indicating its proficiency in predicting bounding boxes precisely, segmenting, classifying, and aligning masks. The model exhibited consistent reliability in distinguishing between undamaged and damaged components during the inference process, as seen by its consistently high detection rates for both 'normal intact' and 'damaged broken' insulators. The results demonstrate the practical usefulness of the model and offer promising prospects for enhancing power system maintenance and inspection protocols. The model's consistent and accurate identification of damaged insulators has the potential to significantly enhance the safety and efficiency of power systems, thereby revolutionizing the industry. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Insulator contamination

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Using Random Forest and Linear SVM for Dyslexia Classification on Hebb-Williams Mazes

Using Random Forest and Linear SVM for Dyslexia Classificati...

引用

Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)

作者： Padmanabh Kaushik Yih-Choung Yu Lisa Gabel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lafayette College Easton PA USA Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program Lafayette College Easton PA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331513269

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513276

Dyslexia is a learning disability that negatively impacts an individual's ability to read, write, spell, and sometimes speak. It results in difficulties in recognizing and decoding words and patterns, despite normal level of education and intelligence. Studies have shown that early detection of dyslexia is vital for improving learning abilities in young children. Many virtual platforms exist for diagnosing and rehabilitating dyslexia; however, most require tests that measure reading skills. Since developing reading capabilities can delay the detection of dyslexia, a gaming platform based on Hebb-Williams mazes has been developed. This platform does not rely on reading skills and can diagnose dyslexia in young children. This paper presents a machine learning driven approach using two algorithms - Random Forest and Linear SVM - to classify reading abilities based on data from participants performing virtual maze tasks, which are indicative of symptoms of dyslexia. Results from this study indicate that it is possible to predict dyslexia with up to 95% accuracy based on a participant's performance in virtual gaming environments.

关键词： Support vector machines Radio frequency Accuracy Dyslexia Prediction algorithms Boosting Classification algorithms Pattern recognition Random forests Synthetic data

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Correlating the Ambient Conditions and Performance Indicators of the LoRaWAN via Surrogate Gaussian Process-Based Bidirectional LSTM Stacked Autoencoder

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IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 2023年第3期20卷 3413-3427页

作者： Bhat, Showkat Ahmad Huang, Nen-Fu Hussain, Imtiyaz Sajjad, Uzair National Tsing Hua University College of Electrical and Computer Science Hsinchu1300044 Taiwan National Tsing Hua University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu1300044 Taiwan National Taipei University of Technology Graduate Program in Energy and Opto-Electronic Materials Taipei10608 Taiwan National Taipei University of Technology Department of Energy and Refrigerating Airconditioning Engineering Taipei10608 Taiwan

LoRa's biggest advantage is its flexibility, which is the ability to increase or decrease data rate and range while decreasing or increasing sensitivity. Whenever propagation conditions change frequently, this function allows the spreading factor to be modified accordingly. Despite their efficiency and scalability, adaptive data rate algorithms ignore and fail to factor in the complex correlation between ambient weather parameters influencing the communication channel design. In this research, a Bayesian surrogate Gaussian process-based bidirectional LSTM stacked autoencoder model (BSGP-BLSTM-SAE) is proposed to estimate the channel performance indicators such as received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and to determine the correlation between the ambient weather conditions and performance indicators for the LoRaWAN network. Bayesian optimization algorithm has been used to optimize the hyper-parameters of the developed model. A LoRaWAN experimental multivariate time series dataset has been used for the evaluation of the developed model, which upon testing and validation produces high accuracy in predicting the channel performance indicators and ambient conditions of the experimental LoRaWAN network. The mean absolute error of the developed model was around 0.45. Thus, the proposed model can predict the link performance indicators and thereby assist in real-time optimization of the transmission parameters to enhance the network performance in LoRaWAN-based systems at different ambient conditions. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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Analysis of Partial Discharges in Oil-Impregnated Transformer Paper Insulation and PET-G Insulation

IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement

引用

IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年 4卷

作者： Kameli, Sayed Mohammad Abuelrub, Abdelaziz AlShaikh Saleh, Mohammad Refaat, Shady S. Ghrayeb, Ali Abu-Rub, Haitham Olesz, Marek Texas A&M University at Qatar Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Doha Qatar Texas A&M University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College StationTX77843 United States University of Hertfordshire School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science Department of Engineering HatfieldAL10 9EU United Kingdom Hamad Bin Khalifa University Qatar Foundation Electrical and Computer Engineering Program in College of Science and Engineering Doha Qatar Gdańsk University of Technology Department of Electrical Power Engineering Gdańsk80-233 Poland

Partial discharge (PD) is a widespread phenomenon instigated in power transformer (PT) insulation systems. PDs are triggered by voids that vary in size and position within the PT insulation. The electrical characteristics of those damaging, PD-causing cavities must be well understood, to accelerate the development of advanced PD detection techniques. Thus, the impact of varying the radius and position of spherical air voids on the characteristics of PDs in PTs is examined using a 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) model designed in COMSOL Multiphysics. The spherical voids are positioned between two windings of a 512 kV, three-phase (3φ ) PT. The peak electric field (EF) and aggregate energy in the FEA model are used in conjunction with laboratory measurements of the apparent discharge magnitude, for detailed analysis of Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PET-G)-based cylindrical voids with different heights. Simulations demonstrate that the inception of PD activity in the PT model occurs for spherical voids with a radius exceeding 1 mm. Furthermore, the most severe PDs occur within the press-board insulation, adjacent to the uppermost part of the innermost windings. Experiments demonstrate that a significant increase in PD activity was observed for PET-G-based cylindrical voids with heights exceeding 1 mm. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Partial discharges

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Expanding the Surgical Robotics Community: An Intuitive Sim-to-Real Control Framework for Raven-II with a Budget-Friendly Gamepad Controller

Expanding the Surgical Robotics Community: An Intuitive Sim-...

引用

International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR)

作者： Mai Bui Natalie Chalfant Cuiling Sun Sean Fabrega Haonan Peng Kevin Huang Yun-Hsuan Su Department of Computer Science Mount Holyoke College South Hadley MA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA Picker Engineering Program Smith College Northampton MA

ISBN: (数字)9798350377118

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377125

This paper proposes a low-cost interface and refined digital twin for the Raven-II surgical robot. Previous simulations of the Raven-II, e.g. via the Asynchronous Multibody Framework (AMBF), presented salient drawbacks, including control inputs inconsistent with Raven-II software, and lack of stable, high-fidelity physical contact simulations. This work bridges both of these gaps, both (1) enabling robust, simulated contact mechanics for dynamic physical interactions with the Raven-II, and (2) developing a universal input format for both simulated and physical platforms. The method furthermore proposes a low cost, commodity game-controller interface for controlling both virtual and real realizations of Raven-II, thus greatly reducing the barrier to access for Raven-II research and collaboration. Overall, this work aims to eliminate the inconsistencies between simulated and real representations of the Raven-II. Such a development can expand the reach of surgical robotics research. Namely, providing end-to-end transparency between the simulated AMBF and physical Raven-II platforms enables a software testbed previously unavailable, e.g. for training real surgeons, for creating digital synthetic datasets, or for prototyping novel architectures like shared control strategies. Experiments validate this transparency by comparing joint trajectories between digital twin and physical testbed given identical inputs. This work may be extended and incorporated into recent efforts in developing modular or common software infrastructures for both simulation and control of real robotic devices, such as the Collaborative Robotics Toolkit (CRTK).

关键词： Training Medical robotics Costs Collaboration Surgery computer architecture Software

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Global-Local Active Contour for Segmenting Images with Simultaneous Inhomogeneity and Texture

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Shao, Pei-Chiang Department of Applied Mathematics Chung Yuan Christian University Zhongli District Taoyuan City320314 Taiwan Undergraduate Program in College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Chung Yuan Christian University Zhongli District Taoyuan City320314 Taiwan

Severe intensity inhomogeneity (InH) and complex real-world textures cause great difficulties and become two important issues in image segmentation and object extraction applications. Plenty of methods are proposed to tackle these issues, however, they usually perform poorly on images possess both InH and texture. In this paper, we propose a region-based active contour model for segmenting images with simultaneous inhomogeneity and texture. A new bias field possesses both global and local smoothness properties is proposed to handle the InH issue, and a pixel inhomogeneity factor (PIF) is employed to jointly deal with InH and textured images. We also employ the total variation (TV) regularization to further smooth and denoise the transformed PIF image, making the segmentation process to have the nice properties of global convergence and independence of contour initialization. A large number of numerical experiments and comparisons are conducted to demonstrate the effective performance of the newly proposed method. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Textures

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Saccadic Detection in Virtual Gaming for Dyslexia Classification

Saccadic Detection in Virtual Gaming for Dyslexia Classifica...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Yih-Choung Yu Haki Shyntassov Padmanabh Kaushik Lisa Gabel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lafayette College Easton PA USA Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Program Lafayette College Easton PA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350313338

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313345

Dyslexia (aka reading disability) is the most common cause of learning disabilities. It affects children across language orthographies, despite adequate intelligence and educational opportunity. Studies have shown that identifying children with dyslexia at young age is crucial to provide effective intervention to improve learning outcomes. Recently we demonstrated that children with reading disability exhibit impaired performance on a virtual maze learning task across language orthographies. Using a machine learning algorithm, we have achieved a classification accuracy up to 80%. This paper presents an algorithm, including image segmentation, synchronization of image and text data, saccade detection, and event alignment, using the eye-gazing data recorded from an eye tracker during maze-solving tasks. The saccadic events detected by this algorithm showed good correlation with the incorrect decisions participants made during maze-solving, which could be an additional variable to be used in the machine learning algorithm to enhance the accuracy for dyslexia classification.

关键词： Image segmentation Machine learning algorithms Correlation Accuracy Signal processing algorithms Predictive models Dyslexia

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The Michigan Robotics undergraduate Curriculum: Defining the Discipline of Robotics for Equity and Excellence

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Jenkins, Odest Chadwicke Grizzle, Jessy Atkins, Ella Stirling, Leia Rouse, Elliott Guzdial, Mark Provost, Damen Mann, Kimberly Millunchick, Joanna Robotics and Electrical Engineering & Computer Science United States Undergraduate Education Robotics Institute United States Robotics Institute United States Graduate Programs Robotics Institute United States Robotics and Industrial Engineering United States Robotics and Mechanical Engineering United States Electrical Engineering & Computer Science United States Engineering Education Research Program United States Undergraduate Education College of Engineering United States University of Michigan United States

The Robotics Major at the University of Michigan was successfully launched inthe 2022-23 academic year as an innovative step forward to better servestudents, our communities, and our society. Building on our guiding principleof "Robotics with Respect" and our larger Robotics Pathways model, the MichiganRobotics Major was designed to define robotics as a true academic disciplinewith both equity and excellence as our highest priorities. Understanding thattalent is equally distributed but opportunity is not, the Michigan RoboticsMajor has embraced an adaptable curriculum that is accessible through adiversity of student pathways and enables successful and sustained career-longparticipation in robotics, AI, and automation professions. The results afterour planning efforts (2019-22) and first academic year (2022-23) have beenhighly encouraging: more than 100 students declared Robotics as their major,completion of the Robotics major by our first two graduates, soaringenrollments in our Robotics classes, thriving partnerships with HistoricallyBlack colleges and Universities. This document provides our original curricularproposal for the Robotics undergraduate program at the University of Michigan,submitted to the Michigan Association of State Universities in April 2022 andapproved in June 2022. The dissemination of our program design is in the spiritof continued growth for higher education towards realizing equity andexcellence. The most recent version of this document is also available on Google Docsthrough this link: https://***/robotics_majorMSC Codes 97 © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Curricula

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