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Evaluating tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Haiti from 2018 to 2019: A competing risk analysis

IJID REGIONS 2024年 11卷 100350-100350页

作者： Raphael, Nernst-Atwood Garraud, Pierre Anthony Roelens, Maroussia Alfred, Jean Patrick Richard, Milo Estill, Janne Keiser, Olivia Merzouki, Aziza Univ Geneva Inst Global Hlth Geneva Switzerland DAI Global LLC Strateg Hlth Informat Syst Port au Prince Haiti Unit Studies & Programming Minist Hlth Port au Prince Haiti Minist Hlth Natl TB Program Port au Prince Haiti

Objectives: This study assesses tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes in Haiti. Methods: Data from drug-susceptible patients with TB (2018-2019) were analyzed using the Fine & Gray model with multiple imputation. Results: Of the 16,545 patients, 14.7% had concurrent HIV coinfection, with a 66.2% success rate. The median treatment duration was 5 months, with patients averaging 30 years (with an interquartile range of 22-42 years). The estimated hazard of achieving a successful treatment outcome decreased by 2.5% and 8.1% for patients aged 45 and 60 years, respectively, compared with patients aged 30 years. Male patients had a 6.5% lower estimated hazard of success than their female counterparts. In addition, patients coinfected with HIV experienced a 35.3% reduction in the estimated hazard of achieving a successful treatment outcome compared with those with a negative HIV serologic status. Conclusions: Integrated health care approaches should be implemented, incorporating innovative solutions, such as machine learning algorithms combined with geographic information systems and non-conventional data sources (including social media), to identify TB hotspots and high-burden households.

关键词： Competing risk TB treatment outcomes Lower and middle-income countries Treatment duration and demographics Improved tuberculosis management

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Greenhouse gas emissions of environmentally sustainable diets: Insights from the Icelandic National Dietary Survey 2019-2021

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JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2024年 467卷

作者： Gudmannsdottir, Ragnhildur Gunnarsdottir, Steina Geirsdottir, Olof Gudny Gudjonsdottir, Maria Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg Porgeirsdottir, Holmfridur Torfadottir, Johanna Eyrun Jorgensen, Michael Sogaard Niero, Monia Wood, Amanda Ogmundarson, Olafur Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva Halldorsson, Porhallur Ingi Univ Iceland Unit Nutr Res Skaftahlid 24 IS-105 Reykjavik Iceland Landspitali Univ Hosp Skaftahlid 24 IS-105 Reykjavik Iceland Univ Iceland Fac Food Sci & Nutr Saemundargata 2 IS-102 Reykjavik Iceland Matis Food & Biotech R&D Vinlandsleid 12 IS-113 Reykjavik Iceland Directorate Hlth Katrinartun 2 IS-107 Reykjavik Iceland Univ Iceland Ctr Publ Hlth Sci Sturlugata 8 IS-102 Reykjavik Iceland Aalborg Univ Dept Sustainabil & Planning AC Meyers Vaenge 15 DK-2450 Copenhagen Denmark St Anna Sch Adv Studies Sustainabil & Climate Interdisciplinary Ctr Piazza Martiri Liberta 33 I-56127 Pisa Italy Stockholm Univ Stockholm Resilience Ctr SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden Statens Serum Inst Ctr Fetal Programming Dept Epidemiol Res Artillerivej 5 DK-2300 Copenhagen Denmark

Background: Health authorities are increasingly integrating environmental sustainability considerations into food-based dietary guidelines. However, concerns persist about the accuracy of the data used to assess environmental impacts, as well as the extent to which these guidelines are followed in practice. Aim: To compare dietary greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions estimates using different top-down and bottom-up life cycle assessment (LCA) databases;and to estimate GHG emissions of food consumption within the ranges set for meat and dairy in recently proposed environmentally sustainable diets. Methods: Dietary GHG emissions were estimated for participants in the 2019-2021 Icelandic National Dietary Survey (n = 822) using three publicly available LCA databases from Denmark, the US, and France. GHG emissions among participants whose consumption was aligned with the EAT-Lancet diet, the 2021 Danish food-based dietary guidelines and the 2023 Nordic Nutrition Recommendations were also quantified. Results: The mean dietary GHG emissions among participants were 6.3, 6.1, and 6.1 kg CO2-eq/day based on the Danish (top-down), US (bottom-up), and French (bottom-up) databases, respectively. The relative ranking of foods was also consistent across all three databases. For example, the relative contribution of total CO2-eq (% range for the three databases) was highest for red meat (39-51%), followed by dairy (10-17%) and beverages (9-13%). The contribution from plant-based foods (6-10%), seafood (4-11%), and poultry/eggs (<5%) was modest. The dietary habits of most participants (86%) were outside the ranges for meat and dairy consumption as set by the three sustainable diets. However, participants reporting consumption within the ranges for meat and dairy had mean GHG emissions ranging between 4.2 and 4.7 kg CO2-eq/day, depending on the diet. In comparison, the mean for participants not adhering to the sustainable diets was 7.7 kg CO2-eq/day. These results are higher than those rep

关键词： National dietary surveys Food consumption Life cycle assessment Greenhouse gas emissions Environmental impact Food based dietary guidelines

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Evolution of the Archean felsic crust of Singhbhum Craton, India: A reassessment

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EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS 2022年 231卷

作者： Chaudhuri, Trisrota Kamei, Atsushi Das, Mrinal Mazumder, Rajat Owada, Masaaki Indian Stat Inst Geol Studies Unit 203 BT Rd Kolkata 700108 India Shimane Univ Dept Geosci Matsue Shimane 6908504 Japan Novartis Healthcare Pvt Ltd Dept Biostat & Stat programming Global Data Operat Bandra Kurla Complex Mumbai 400051 India German Univ Technol Oman Dept Appl Geosci PB 1816 Athaiba PC 130 Muscat Oman Yamaguchi Univ Grad Sch Sci & Technol Div Earth Sci Yoshida 1677-1 Yamaguchi 7538512 Japan Geol Survey India Geochronol & Isotope Div HR SIMS Lab Sect V Kolkata 700091 Haryana India

The Precambrian Singhbhum Craton and the adjoining orogenic belts of eastern India hold a history of continental crust generation by repeated emplacement and reworking of multiphase tonalite-trondjhemite-granodiorite (TTG) and granites throughout the Archean. Temporal classification of this complex Archean TTG and granite sequence have not been straightforward due to repeated magmatism that gave rise to complex intrusive relationships between the magmatic bodies, their complex tectonic juxtaposition and lack of geochronological data. Recent surge of new geochronological and isotope data has brought significantl clarity in the temporal relationships between different crustal components of this craton. In this study, geochemical data (published and new) of the TTG and granites (n = 251) with robust age reference was compiled and classified using a two-fold (viz. age and geochemistry) classification to understand the secular change of crustal composition. Herein, the Archean TTG suites were divided into four age-based groups, viz. Group-I (> ca. 3.5-3.4 Ga), II (ca. 3.4-3.3 Ga), III (ca. 3.3-3.2 Ga) and IV (< ca. 3.2 Ga). This reveals relative abundance of TTG and granite components vary systematically from one temporal group to another. Time defined locally weighted, non-linear regression trends show that the composition of Singhbhum continental crust experienced a transition at ca. 3.4 Ga, before which low-Mg#, sodic TTG prevailed. After ca. 3.4 Ga, the crust was gradually replaced by more potassic, transitional TTG and granites. TTG to granite transition in this craton took place at ca. 3.3 Ga after which proportion of granites spiked significantly. Finally from ca. 3.2 Ga, more evolved, potassic granites started emerging throughout the craton. Prevalence of low-Mg# TTGs indicates that subduction may not have played a significant role in generating the TTGs. Dominance of potassic granitoids confirm that crustal reworking became a dominant process as early as the Pal

关键词： TTG Granitoid Early continent Continental crust Singhbhum

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The EORTC QLQ-F17 as a shortened version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 to assess self-reported functioning in cancer patients: investigating equivalence and psychometric properties in a randomized cross-over trial

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eClinicalMedicine 2025年 84卷

作者： Florian Zeman Johannes M. Giesinger Tobias Pukrop Morten Aa Petersen Mogens Groenvold Sandra Nolte Dagmara Kuliś Sunil Shrestha Laurence Leysen Kim Cocks Corneel Coens Georgios Ioannidis Cecilia Pompili Michael Koller Center for Clinical Studies University Hospital Regensburg Regensburg Germany Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF) Regensburg Germany Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapy Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria Department of Internal Medicine III Hematology and Oncology University Hospital Regensburg Regensburg Germany Palliative Care Research Unit Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine GP Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Public Health University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Person-Centred Research Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia School of Health Sciences Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne VIC Australia European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Department Brussels Belgium Department of Research and Academics Kathmandu Cancer Center Tathali Bhaktapur Nepal Statistics and Programming Adelphi Values Bollington Cheshire England UK Oncology Department Nicosia General Hospital State of Health Services Organisation Nicosia Cyprus University of Hull Hull and York Medical School Hull UK

Background The EORTC QLQ-F17, a shortened version of the EORTC QLQ-C30, solely contains the items related to functioning and omits symptom scales. The QLQ-F17 is conceived an equivalent to the functional part of the QLQ-C30, but to date there is no empirical evidence to support this rationale. Methods This randomized, cross-over, multi-national, questionnaire-based study investigates the equivalence and psychometric properties of the QLQ-F17 compared to the functional scales of the QLQ-C30. Respondents had to fill in both questionnaires, the order of which was presented in a randomized and balanced manner (QLQ-C30—QLQ-F17 vs. QLQ-F17—QLQ-C30). Equivalence testing used Differential Item Functioning (DIF) and linear models. The margin of equivalence was set at ]–5, 5[ points. The study is registered with *** ( NCT05479682 ). Patients were enrolled between February 17 and March 28, 2023. Findings A total of 2672 cancer patients of all major cancer types, aged between 18 and 92 years with an equal gender distribution (50/50) from 11 countries, were recruited between 17 February and 28 March 2023. Adjusted mean differences between QLQ-C30 and QLQ-F17 ranged between −1·55 and 3·25 for all scales, and the limits of the 95%-CIs, ranging from −3·11 to 4·87, were all within the equivalence margin. All effect sizes of the DIF analyses were <0·01. For the scales of the QLQ-F17, Cronbach's Alpha ranged from 0·73 to 0·89, item–own scale correlations from 0·47 to 0·78 and item–other scale correlations from 0·19 to 0·70. Interpretation The QLQ-F17 yielded score values that are equivalent to the functional part of the QLQ-C30. Consequently, future clinical studies can employ the QLQ-F17 as a generic tool without losing comparability to studies using the QLQ-C30. Supplementing the QLQ-F17 with relevant symptom items from the EORTC Item Library allows for a time-efficient and flexible measurement strategy. Funding This research was funded by the European Organisation fo

关键词： Quality of life Patient-reported outcomes EORTC QLQ-C30 EORTC QLQ-F17 Equivalence Psychometric properties

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Benefits of cooperation among large-scale cohort studies and human biomonitoring projects in environmental health research: An exercise in blood lead analysis of the Environment and Child Health International Birth Cohort Group

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019年第8期222卷 1059-1067页

作者： Nakayama, Shoji F. Espina, Carolina Kamijima, Michihiro Magnus, Per Charles, Marie-Aline Zhang, Jun Wolz, Birgit Conrad, Andre Murawski, Aline Iwai-Shimada, Miyuki Zaros, Cecile Caspersen, Ida Henriette Kolossa-Gehring, Marike Meltzer, Helle Margrete Olsen, Sjurdur F. Etzel, Ruth A. Schuz, Joachim Natl Inst Environm Studies Japan Environm & Childrens Study Programme Off 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058506 Japan IARC Sect Environm & Radiat Lyon France Nagoya City Univ Grad Sch Med Sci Nagoya Aichi Japan Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth Ctr Fertil & Hlth Oslo Norway EFS INSERM Ined Elfe Joint Unit Paris France Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Xinhua Hosp Sch Med Shanghai Key Lab Childrens Environm HlthMinist E Shanghai Peoples R China Fed Minist Environm Nat Conservat & Nucl Safety Bonn Germany German Environm Agcy Sect Toxicol Hlth Related Monitoring Berlin Germany Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth Div Infect Control & Environm Hlth Oslo Norway Statens Serum Inst Ctr Fetal Programming Dept Epidemiol Res Copenhagen Denmark Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth Dept Nutr Boston MA 02115 USA George Washington Univ Milken Inst Sch Publ Hlth Washington DC USA

A number of prospective cohort studies are ongoing worldwide to investigate the impact of foetal and neonatal exposures to chemical substances on child health. To assess multiple exposure (mixture) effects and low prevalence health outcomes it is useful to pool data from several studies and conduct mega-data-analysis. To discuss a path towards data harmonization, representatives from several large-scale birth cohort studies and a biomonitoring programme formed a collaborative group, the Environment and Child Health International Birth Cohort Group (ECHIBCG). In this study, an intra-laboratory trial was performed to harmonize existing blood lead measurements within the groups' studies. Then, decentralized analyses were conducted in individual countries' laboratories to evaluate blood lead levels (BLL) in each study. The measurements of pooled BLL samples in French, German and three Japanese laboratories resulted in an overall mean blood lead concentration of 8.66 mu gl(-1) (95% confidence interval: 8.59-8.72 mu gl(-1) ) with 3.0% relative standard deviation. Except for China's samples, BLL from each study were comparable with mean concentrations below or close to 10 mu gl(-1). The decentralized multivariate analyses revealed that all models had coefficients of determination below 0.1. Determinants of BLL were current smoking, age > 35 years and overweight or obese status. The three variables were associated with an increase in BLL in each of the five studies, most strongly in France by almost 80% and the weakest effect being in Norway with only 15%;for Japan, with the far largest sample (similar to 18,000), the difference was 36%. This study successfully demonstrated that the laboratory analytical methods were sufficiently similar to allow direct comparison of data and showed that it is possible to harmonize the epidemiological data for joint analysis. This exercise showed the challenges in decentralized data analyses and reinforces the need for data harmonization am

关键词： Human biomonitoring HEM Birth cohort Lead Harmonization Pregnancy Child Environment

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Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH 2022年第8期7卷 E657-E669页

作者： Peden, Amy E. Cullen, Patricia Francis, Kate Louise Moeller, Holger Peden, Margaret M. Ye, Pengpeng Tian, Maoyi Zou, Zhiyong Sawyer, Susan M. Aali, Amirali Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdoun, Meriem Abd-Rabu, Rami Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abdurehman, Ame Mehadi Abebe, Getachew Abebe, Ayele Mamo Abedi, Aidin Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Ali, Hiwa Abubaker Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adane, Denberu Eshetie Adane, Tigist Demssew Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adewole, Ololade Grace Adhikari, Sangeet Adnan, Mohammad Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Bachelor Afzal, Saira Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Aghdam, Zahra Babaei Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Araz Ramazan Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Jivan Qasim Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Aithala, Janardhana P. Aji, Budi Akhlaghdoust, Meisam Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alemayehu, Astawus Al Hamad, Hanadi Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Liaqat Alimohamadi, Yousef Alipour, Vahid Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almidani, Louay Almustanyir, Sami Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amin, Tarek Tawfik Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad Amiri, Sohrab Amiri, Hoda Anagaw, Tadele Fentabil Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anvari, Davood Anwar, Sumadi Lukman Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Arab-Zozani, Morteza Arja, Asrat Arulappan, Judie Arumugam, Ashokan Aryannejad, Armin Asgary, Saeed Ashraf, Tahira Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atreya, Alok Attia, Sameh Aujayeb, Avinash Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Azadnajafabad, Sina Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza Azari, Samad Jafari, Amirhossein Azari Azizi, Hosein Azzam, Ahmed Y. Badiye, Ashish D. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Bagherieh, Sara Baig, Atif Amin Bakkannavar, Shankar M. Balta, Asaminew Birhanu Banach, Maciej Banik, Palash Chandra Bansal, Hansi Bardhan, Mainak Barone-Adesi, Francesco Barrow, Amadou Bashiri, Azadeh Baskaran, Pritish Basu, Saurav Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew Bekel, Abebe Ayalew Bekele, UNSW Sydney Kensington NSW 2052 Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Populat Hlth Dept Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Populat Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales George Inst Global Hlth Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Ctr Social Res Hlth Sydney NSW Australia James Cook Univ Sch Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci Townsville NSW Australia George Inst Global Hlth Global Womens Hlth Div Newtown NSW Australia George Inst Global Hlth Injury Div Newtown NSW Australia George Inst Global Hlth Dept Injury Newtown NSW Australia Murdoch Childrens Res Inst Ctr Adolescent Hlth Melbourne Vic Australia Imperial Coll London Sch Publ Hlth London England Imperial Coll London Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth London England Imperial Coll London WHO Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Educ & Training London England George Inst Global Hlth TGI UK London England Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Natl Ctr Chron & Noncommunicable Dis Control & Pr Beijing Peoples R China Harbin Med Univ Sch Publ Hlth Harbin Peoples R China Peking Univ Inst Child & Adolescent Hlth Beijing Peoples R China Univ Melbourne Dept Paediat Parkville Vic Australia Murdoch Childrens Res Inst Ctr Adolescent Hlth Parkville Vic Australia Mashhad Univ Med Sci Fac Med Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci E Learning Ctr Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Dept Nursing Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Dept Med Informat Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Mashhad Univ Med Sci Clinial Res Dev Unit Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Hlth Policy Res Ctr Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Hlth Informat Management Dept Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Shiraz Iran Shiraz Univ Med Sci Dept Phys Therapy Shiraz Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Epidemiol Tehra

Background Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10-24 years during the past three decades. Methods Using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2019 Study, we analysed mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to transport and unintentional injuries for adolescents in 204 countries. Burden is reported in absolute numbers and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population by sex, age group (10-14, 15-19, and 20-24 years), and sociodemographic index (SDI) with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We report percentage changes in deaths and DALYs between 1990 and 2019. Findings In 2019, 369 061 deaths (of which 214337 [58%] were transport related) and 31.1 million DALYs (of which 16.2 million [52%] were transport related) among adolescents aged 10-24 years were caused by transport and unintentional injuries combined. If compared with other causes, transport and unintentional injuries combined accounted for 25% of deaths and 14% of DALYs in 2019, and showed little improvement from 1990 when such injuries accounted for 26% of adolescent deaths and 17% of adolescent DALYs. Throughout adolescence, transport and unintentional injury fatality rates increased by age group. The unintentional injury burden was higher among males than females for all injury types, except for injuries related to fire, heat, and hot substances, or to adverse effects of medical treatment. From 1990 to 2019, global mortality rates declined by 34.4% (from 17.5 to 11.5 per 100 000) for transport injuries, and by 47.7% (from 15.9 to 8.3 per 100000) for unintentional injuries. However, in low-SDI nations the absolute number of deaths increased (by 80.5% to 42 774 for transport injuries and by 39.4% to 31 961 for unintentional injuries). In the high-SDI quintile in 2010-19, the

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High dietary intake of saturated fat is associated with reduced semen quality among 701 young Danish men from the general population

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 2013年第2期97卷 411-418页

作者： Jensen, Tina K. Heitmann, Berit L. Jensen, Martin Blomberg Halldorsson, Thorhallur I. Andersson, Anna-Maria Skakkebaek, Niels E. Joensen, Ulla N. Lauritsen, Mette P. Christiansen, Peter Dalgard, Christine Lassen, Tina H. Jorgensen, Niels Rigshosp Univ Dept Growth & Reprod DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark Univ So Denmark Inst Publ Hlth Dept Environm Med Odense Denmark Copenhagen Univ Hosp Inst Prevent Med Res Unit Dietary Studies Copenhagen Capital Reg Copenhagen Denmark Univ Iceland Fac Food Sci & Nutr Unit Nutr Res Reykjavik Iceland Statens Serum Inst Ctr Fetal Programming Dept Epidemiol Res DK-2300 Copenhagen Denmark

Background: Saturated fat intake has been associated with both cardiovascular disease and cancer risk, and a newly published study found an association between saturated fat intake and a lower sperm concentration in infertile men. Objective: The objective was to examine the association between dietary fat intake and semen quality among 701 young Danish men from the general population. Design: In this cross-sectional study, men were recruited when they were examined to determine their fitness for military service from 2008 to 2010. They delivered a semen sample, underwent a physical examination, and answered a questionnaire comprising a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire to assess food and nutrient intakes. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed with semen variables as outcomes and dietary fat intakes as exposure variables, adjusted for confounders. Results: A lower sperm concentration and total sperm count in men with a high intake of saturated fat was found. A significant dose-response association was found, and men in the highest quartile of saturated fat intake had a 38% (95% CI: 0.1%, 61%) lower sperm concentration and a 41% (95% CI: 4%, 64%) lower total sperm count than did men in the lowest quartile. No association between semen quality and intake of other types of fat was found. Conclusions: Our findings are of potentially great public interest, because changes in diet over the past decades may be part of the explanation for the recently reported high frequency of subnormal human sperm counts. A reduction in saturated fat intake may be beneficial for both general and reproductive health. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:411-8.

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Genetic Associations for Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time and Prothrombin Time, their Gene Expression Profiles, and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 2012年第1期91卷 152-162页

作者： Tang, Weihong Schwienbacher, Christine Lopez, Lorna M. Ben-Shlomo, Yoav Oudot-Mellakh, Tiphaine Johnson, Andrew D. Samani, Nilesh J. Basu, Saonli Goegele, Martin Davies, Gail Lowe, Gordon D. O. Tregouet, David-Alexandre Tan, Adrian Pankow, James S. Tenesa, Albert Levy, Daniel Volpato, Claudia B. Rumley, Ann Gow, Alan J. Minelli, Cosetta Yarnell, John W. G. Porteous, David J. Starr, John M. Gallacher, John Boerwinkle, Eric Visscher, Peter M. Pramstaller, Peter P. Cushman, Mary Emilsson, Valur Plump, Andrew S. Matijevic, Nena Morange, Pierre-Emmanuel Deary, Ian J. Hicks, Andrew A. Folsom, Aaron R. Univ Minnesota Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth Minneapolis MN 55454 USA European Acad Bozen Bolzano EURAC Ctr Biomed I-39100 Bolzano Italy Univ Ferrara Dept Expt & Diagnost Med I-44121 Ferrara Italy Univ Edinburgh Ctr Cognit Ageing & Cognit Epidemiol Edinburgh EH8 9JZ Midlothian Scotland Univ Edinburgh Dept Psychol Edinburgh EH8 9JZ Midlothian Scotland Univ Bristol Sch Social & Community Med Bristol BS8 2PS Avon England Univ Paris 06 INSERM UMR S 937 Inst Cardiometab & Nutr ICAN F-75013 Paris France NHLBI Framingham Heart Study Framingham MA 01702 USA NHLBI Ctr Populat Studies Bethesda MD 20824 USA NHLBI Div Intramural Res Bethesda MD 20824 USA Univ Leicester Glenfield Hosp Dept Cardiovasc Sci Leicester LE3 9QP Leics England Leicester Cardiovasc Biomed Res Unit Glenfield Hosp Natl Inst Hlth Res Leicester LE3 9QP Leics England Univ Minnesota Div Biostat Minneapolis MN 55455 USA Univ Glasgow Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci Glasgow G12 8TA Lanark Scotland Inst Genet & Mol Med Med Res Council MRC Human Genet Unit Edinburgh EH4 2XU Midlothian Scotland Univ Edinburgh Royal Dick Sch Vet Studies Roslin Inst Roslin EH25 9RG Midlothian Scotland Queens Univ Belfast Epidemiol Res Grp Belfast BT12 6BJ Antrim North Ireland Univ Edinburgh Med Genet Sect Edinburgh EH4 2XU Midlothian Scotland Univ Edinburgh Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Res Ctr Edinburgh EH8 9JZ Midlothian Scotland Cardiff Univ Sch Med Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth Cardiff CF14 4XN S Glam Wales Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston Ctr Human Genet Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston Human Genome Sequencing Ctr Houston TX 77030 USA Queensland Inst Med Res Brisbane Qld 4029 Australia Gen Cent Hosp Dept Neurol I-39100 Bolzano Italy Univ Lubeck Dept Neurol D-23538 Lubeck Germany Univ Vermont Dept Med Burlington VT 05405 USA Univ Vermont Dept Pathol Burlington VT 05405 USA Merck & Co Inc Mol Programming & Res Informat Rahway NJ 07065 USA Merck Res Lab Dept Cardiova

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) are clinical tests commonly used to screen for coagulation-factor deficiencies. One genome-wide association study (GWAS) has been reported previously for aPTT, but no GWAS has been reported for PT. We conducted a GWAS and meta-analysis to identify genetic loci for aPTT and PT. The GWAS for aPTT was conducted in 9,240 individuals of European ancestry from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, and the GWAS for PT was conducted in 2,583 participants from the Genetic Study of Three Population Microisolates in South Tyrol (MICROS) and the Lothian Birth Cohorts (LBC) of 1921 and 1936. Replication was assessed in 1,041 to 3,467 individuals. For aPTT, previously reported associations with KNG1, HRG, F11, F12, and ABO were confirmed. A second independent association in ABO was identified and replicated (rs8176704, p = 4.26 x 10(-24)). Pooling the ARIC and replication data yielded two additional loci in F5 (rs6028, p = 3.22 x 10(-9)) and AGBL1 (rs2469184, p = 3.61 x 10(-8)). For PT, significant associations were identified and confirmed in F7 (rs561241, p = 3.71 x 10(-56)) and PROCR/EDEM2 (rs2295888, p = 5.25 x 10(-13)). Assessment of existing gene expression and coronary artery disease (CAD) databases identified associations of five of the GWAS loci with altered gene expression and two with CAD. In summary, eight genetic loci that account for similar to 29% of the variance in aPTT and two loci that account for similar to 14% of the variance in PT were detected and supported by functional data.

关键词： PARTIAL thromboplastin time PROTHROMBIN time GENE expression CORONARY heart disease -- Risk factors BLOOD coagulation HUMAN genome DNA replication

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SHIPBOARD MAIN BOILER AND FEED PUMP CONTROL-SYSTEM ONLINE ALIGNMENT VERIFICATION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1982年第6期94卷 39-46页

作者： BANHAM, JW ADAM, DJ James W. Banham:holds positions both as Director of the Machinery Automation Systems Department of the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station and as Assistant Chairman of the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department of Drexel University's Evening College where he holds the rank of Adjunct Associate Professor. He is the author of a text on Numerical Methods Applications in Engineering. In addition to numerous technical papers he is also the author of the ISA film on Boiler Feedwater Control Systems. A registered professional engineer in the state of Pennsylvania Mr. Banham is co-author of a forthcoming handbook on preparing for the Professional Engineering Examination in mechanical engineering. Mr. Banham holds a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from the Pennsylvania State University his graduate studies were taken at the University of Pennsylvania. He is currently a member of the American Society for Engineering Education and the Instrument Society of America. He served as a member of the ISA Education Committee from 1964 through 1973 and as a member of the ISA Power Plant Dynamics Committee since 1969. His service on the latter committee includes terms as Executive Secretary Vice-Chairman and Chairman. Among other honors Mr. Banham was the winner of the Naval Ship Engineering Center's first Technical Achievement Award (1963) Technical Publication Award (1974) and Equal Employment Opportunity Award (1978). He was also the recipient of Drexel University's Laura S. Campbell Award for Excellence in Teaching (1978). He has taught undergraduate courses in classical control theory numerical methods computer programming systems design and analysis and instrumentation. He also teaches systems theory and computer science in an EIT Review and heat transfer in a PE Review conducted by the Drexel University Department of Continuing Professional Education. Mr. David J. Adam:is a Project Engineer in the Naval Sea Systems Command (PMS301) Steam Propulsion Plant Improvement Program where he i

One of the most serious problems encountered in Naval steam plants following World War II was the unreliable performance of boiler and main feedpump pneumatic control systems. In addition to control component and system design deficiencies, these control systems suffered from inadequate methods to measure and adjust system alignment. This paper describes the development of a set of procedures for on-line alignment verification (OLV) of pneumatic main boiler and feedpump control systems. The procedures are designed for use by N avy control system technicians and, in addition to on-line alignment verification, provide guidance for troubleshooting and for performing system alignment. Procedure static checks measure steady state steaming performance and OLV procedure dynamic checks measure the ability of the boiler and control systems to respond to load changes. The paper describes typical control system characteristics that influence OLV procedure content and the supporting analysis that was used to establish alignment criteria ranges that satisfy both steady state and transient performance requirements. Also described is the alignment criteria tolerance analysis along with the steps involved in a typical OLV check procedure development. Descriptions of the various OLV checks, troubleshooting procedures and alignment procedures are provided. Typical shipboard implementation requirements are described and experience to date with the procedures is provided along with a status report on OLV procedure implementations.

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DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND MODERNIZATION OF SHIPS WITH THE SHIPBOARD DATA MULTIPLEX SYSTEM (SDMS)

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第5期91卷 65-73页

作者： BOLD, NT BOURETTE, AP Dr. Norbert T. Bold graduated from Marquette University and later received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Northwestern University. He served three years as a Naval Engineering Officer aboard an Aircraft Carrier and a Minesweeper and has nineteen years technical experience in shipboard navigation underwater target and SDMS projects for the Navy. He is currently a Program Manager in the Autonetics Marine Systems Division Rockwell International where his primary assignment is the development of advanced concepts and applications of SDMS to Navy programs. He has published several technical papers. was elected to four Scholastic Honorary Societies and was the recipient of a NROTC Scholarship. Mr. A.P. Bourette Manager Systems Applications Autonetics Marine Systems Division. received his B.S. degree in Mathematical Physics from Long Beach State University. He began his career with a Computer Analysis Unit. performing tasks related to computer application. programming and interfacing. He has made significant contributions to the Central Computer Complex approach adopted for the SSN-688 Combat System and has performed inertial systems engineering efforts on the MK2 SINS for the POSEIDON Program. He spent some time in the Washington D.C. area providing technical expertise to various Navy organizations. Upon his return he soon was selected to manage the Systems Applications organization at Rockwell International. This organization is primarily responsible for the Shipboard Application of SDMS. He has directed several application studies showing the significant advantages associated with multiplexing. Recently. he provided the technical direction for the FY80 SSN SDMS Preliminary Design Phase.

Rockwell International is currently under Navy contract to fabricate the Engineering Development Model (EDM) of the Shipboard Data Multiplex System (SDMS) for general data transfer aboard surface ships and submarines. The application of SDMS significantly reduces hardware such as cables, switchboards, and Signal Data Converters (SDC), and it provides the capability to add many desired features which are currently not practicable. In applying SDMS to a specific ship, a massive amount of signal data must be considered. The Application Design Automation Program (ADAP) is a set of computer programs that have been developed to accomplish this task. ADAP com bines signal population data, ships configuration data, and SDMS hardware characteristics to produce an SDMS configuration layout together with documentation necessary to analyze, evaluate, and implement the system. Specific outputs include hardware requirements, system layout, and interface requirements including wire list information. The Timing, Event and Load Simulation (TELS) Program simulates SDMS and provides performance data (system capacity, throughput rate, transport delays) for any system configuration. Conventional SDCs can be elimianted from Navy shipboard systems when SDMS is used. SDMS provides the necessary data distribution, signal conversion, and computer interface. In addition, many functions of the conventional switchboards can be performed within SDMS, thus reducing the size or eliminating conventional switchboards. Very small switch-bomb will provide the necessary control of data distribution. With SDMS, an automatic and continuous Noise and Vibration Monitoring (NVM) capability is readily available. The automated NVM function will enhance the safety, operation, and maintenance of the ship. Problems with machinery or excessive self-noise generation will be detected much sooner, and corrective action implemented on a timely basis.

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