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Facial Image-Based Autism Detection:A Comparative Study of Deep Neural Network Classifiers

computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 105-126页

作者： Tayyaba Farhat Sheeraz Akram Hatoon SAlSagri Zulfiqar Ali Awais Ahmad Arfan Jaffar Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyThe Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh12571Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering(CSEE) University of EssexWivenhoe ParkColchesterCO43SQUK

Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant challenges in social interaction,communication,and repetitive *** and precise ASD detection is crucial,particularly in regions with limited diagnostic resources like *** study aims to conduct an extensive comparative analysis of various machine learning classifiers for ASD detection using facial images to identify an accurate and cost-effective solution tailored to the local *** research involves experimentation with VGG16 and MobileNet models,exploring different batch sizes,optimizers,and learning rate *** addition,the“Orange”machine learning tool is employed to evaluate classifier performance and automated image processing capabilities are utilized within the *** findings unequivocally establish VGG16 as the most effective classifier with a 5-fold cross-validation ***,VGG16,with a batch size of 2 and the Adam optimizer,trained for 100 epochs,achieves a remarkable validation accuracy of 99% and a testing accuracy of 87%.Furthermore,the model achieves an F1 score of 88%,precision of 85%,and recall of 90% on test *** validate the practical applicability of the VGG16 model with 5-fold cross-validation,the study conducts further testing on a dataset sourced fromautism centers in Pakistan,resulting in an accuracy rate of 85%.This reaffirms the model’s suitability for real-world ASD *** research offers valuable insights into classifier performance,emphasizing the potential of machine learning to deliver precise and accessible ASD diagnoses via facial image analysis.

关键词： Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) disease segmentation features optimization deep learning models facial images classification

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JobViz:Skill-driven visual exploration of job advertisements

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Visual Informatics 2024年第3期8卷 18-28页

作者： Ran Wang Qianhe Chen Yong Wang Lewei Xiong Boyang Shen School of Journalism and Information Communication Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics WuhanChina Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Big Data and National Communication Strategy Ministry of EducationWuhanChina

Online job advertisements on various job portals or websites have become the most popular way for people to find potential career opportunities ***,the majority of these job sites are limited to offering fundamental filters such as job titles,keywords,and compensation *** often poses a challenge for job seekers in efficiently identifying relevant job advertisements that align with their unique skill sets amidst a vast sea of ***,we propose well-coordinated visualizations to provide job seekers with three levels of details of job information:a skill-job overview visualizes skill sets,employment posts as well as relationships between them with a hierarchical visualization design;a post exploration view leverages an augmented radar-chart glyph to represent job posts and further facilitates users’swift comprehension of the pertinent skills necessitated by respective positions;a post detail view lists the specifics of selected job posts for profound analysis and *** using a real-world recruitment advertisement dataset collected from 51Job,one of the largest job websites in China,we conducted two case studies and user interviews to evaluate *** results demonstrated the usefulness and effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： Visual exploration Job advertisements Skill-driven

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From Missing Pieces to Masterpieces: Image Completion with Context-Adaptive Diffusion

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年第7期47卷 6073-6087页

作者： Shamsolmoali, Pourya Zareapoor, Masoumeh Zhou, Huiyu Felsberg, Michael Tao, Dacheng Li, Xuelong University of York Department of Computer Science United Kingdom University of Leicester School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences United Kingdom Linkoping University Computer Vision Laboratory Sweden Nanyang Technological University College of Computing & Data Science Singapore China Northwestern Polytechnical University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Interaction and Applications Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Xi'an China

Image completion is a challenging task, particularly when ensuring that generated content seamlessly integrates with existing parts of an image. While recent diffusion models have shown promise, they often struggle with maintaining coherence between known and unknown (missing) regions. This issue arises from the lack of explicit spatial and semantic alignment during the diffusion process, resulting in content that does not smoothly integrate with the original image. Additionally, diffusion models typically rely on global learned distributions rather than localized features, leading to inconsistencies between the generated and existing image parts. In this work, we propose ConFill, a novel framework that introduces a Context-Adaptive Discrepancy (CAD) model to ensure that intermediate distributions of known and unknown regions are closely aligned throughout the diffusion process. By incorporating CAD, our model progressively reduces discrepancies between generated and original images at each diffusion step, leading to contextually aligned completion. Moreover, ConFill uses a new Dynamic Sampling mechanism that adaptively increases the sampling rate in regions with high reconstruction complexity. This approach enables precise adjustments, enhancing detail and integration in restored areas. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ConFill outperforms current methods, setting a new benchmark in image completion. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： computer aided design

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Automated heart disease prediction using improved explainable learning-based technique

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Neural computing and Applications 2024年第26期36卷 16289-16318页

作者： Bizimana, Pierre Claver Zhang, Zuping Hounye, Alphonse Houssou Asim, Muhammad Hammad, Mohamed El-Latif, Ahmed A. Abd School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Central South University Changsha410008 China EIAS Data Science Lab College of Computer and Information Sciences and Center of Excellence in Quantum and Intelligent Computing Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Technology Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin El-Koom Egypt Information Technology Department Faculty of Computers and Information Menoufia University Shebin El-Koom Egypt

Heart disease (HD) stands as a major global health challenge, being a predominant cause of death and demanding intricate and costly detection methods. The widespread impact of heart failure, contributing to increased rates of morbidity and mortality, underscores the urgency for accurate and timely prediction and diagnosis. This is crucial for effective prevention, early detection, and treatment, thereby reducing the threat to individual health. However, the early and precise prediction of HD remains a significant challenge. The complexity of medical data poses a considerable challenge for healthcare professionals, who are required to interpret and utilize this information swiftly for effective intervention. Addressing this gap, our study introduces a novel Improved Explainable Learning-Based Technique (IELBT) for HD prediction. This technique harnesses a strategic combination of feature selection, Venn diagrams, data normalization methods, optimized parameters, and machine learning algorithms, specifically tailored for predicting HD. We evaluated the performance of our model using the Alizadeh Sani HD dataset, aiming to accurately detect the presence or absence of the condition. Our results demonstrate that the IELBT, employing a support vector machine with a robust scaling approach, optimal parameterization, and a data split ratio of 70:30, achieves an impressive accuracy rate of 96.00%. Beyond achieving high accuracy, the IELBT outperforms similar models in existing literature and provides significant interpretability and explanation, essential elements in the field of medical diagnosis. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Forecasting

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PVDM-YOLOv8l: a solution for reliable pedestrian and vehicle detection in autonomous vehicles under adverse weather conditions

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-26页

作者： Tahir, Noor Ul Ain Zhang, Zuping Asim, Muhammad Iftikhar, Sundas A. Abd El-Latif, Ahmed School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China EIAS Data Science Lab College of Computer and Information Sciences and Center of Excellence in Quantum and Intelligent Computing Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Gianforte School of Computing Montana State University Bozeman59717 United States Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin El-Koom32511 Egypt

Ensuring the safe navigation of autonomous vehicles in intelligent transportation system depends on their ability to detect pedestrians and vehicles. While transformer-based models for object detection have shown remarkable advancements, accurately identifying pedestrians and vehicles in adverse weather conditions remains a challenging task. Adverse weather introduces image quality degradation, leading to issues such as low contrast, reduced visibility, blurred edges, false detection, misdetection of tiny objects, and other impediments that further complicate the accuracy of detection. This paper introduces a novel Pedestrian and Vehicle Detection Model under adverse weather conditions, denoted as PVDM-YOLOv8l. In our proposed model, we first incorporate the Swin-Transformer method, which is designed for global extraction of feature of small objects to identify in poor visibility, into the YOLOv8l backbone structure. To enhance detection accuracy and address the impact of inaccurate features on recognition performance, CBAM is integrated between the neck and head networks of YOLOv8l, aiming to gather crucial information and obtain essential data. Finally, we adopted the loss function Wise-IOU v3. This function was implemented to mitigate the adverse effects of low-quality instances by minimizing negative gradients. Additionally, we enhanced and augmented the DAWN dataset and created a custom dataset, named DAWN2024, to cater to the specific requirements of our study. To verify the superiority of PVDM-YOLOV8l, its performance was compared against several commonly used object detectors, including YOLOv3, YOLOv3-tiny, YOLOv3-spp, YOLOv5, YOLOv6, and all the versions of YOLOv8 (n, m, s, l, and x) and some traditional models. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model achieved a 6.6%, 5.4%, 6%, and 5.1% improvement in precision, recall, F1-score and mean Average Precision (mAP) on the custom DAWN2024 dataset. This substantial improvement in accuracy ind

关键词： Vehicle detection

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A Novel Hybrid Approach-Based on Heartbeat and Accelerometer Signals for Enhanced Security in WBSNs

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第6期25卷 10295-10308页

作者： Yan, Guixiang Zhang, Guanghe Liu, Fanghua Williams Samuel, Oluwarotimi Aborokbah, Majed Guo, Jiquan Zhu, Liqing Wei, Sikang Jiangxi Normal University School of Computer and Information Engineering Nanchang330022 China University of Derby School of Computing and Data Science Research Centre DerbyDE22 3AW United Kingdom INTI International University Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology Nilai71800 Malaysia University of Tabuk Faculty of Computers and Information Technology Tabuk71491 Saudi Arabia Jiangxi Normal University School of Digital Industry Shangrao334000 China

In wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs), ensuring secure and efficient key distribution is critical, particularly given the limited computational and energy resources of the sensors. Existing methods often struggle to balance security with these resource constraints, especially in environments involving physiological data such as acceleration (ACC) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. For the first time, this study proposes a novel hybrid approach that integrates fuzzy commitment with ACC signal noise and ECG features for efficient key generation and distribution in WBSNs. By employing a low-pass filter to process ACC signal noise, we generated highly random binary sequences (BSs), leveraging the inherent randomness of the signal for secure key generation. Concurrently, an optimized coding scheme was built for ECG feature construction to ensure secure key distribution between devices. Extensive experiments, including entropy analysis and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) statistical tests, confirm the robustness and security of our method. The proposed scheme achieves a false acceptance rate (FAR) of 5.23%, demonstrating superior performance across multiple databases in comparison to benchmark approaches. This novel dual-key generation strategy that combines the unpredictability of ACC noise with the individual-specific traits of ECG signals can significantly enhance the security, applicability, and versatility of WBSNs. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Acceptance tests

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Dynamic channel estimation-aware routing protocol in mobile cognitive radio networks for smart IIoT applications

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第2期9卷 367-382页

作者： Qusay M.Salih Md Arafatur Rahman A.Taufiq Asyhari Muhammad Kamran Naeem Mohammad Patwary Ryan Alturki Mohammed Abdulaziz Ikram Faculty of Computing Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300GambangPahangMalaysia School of Engineering Computing and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of WolverhamptonUK Data Science Program Monash UniversityIndonesiaand Birmingham City UniversityB47XGUK Department of Information Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversitySaudi Arabia Computer Science Department Al Jumoum University CollegeUmm Al-Qura UniversitySaudi Arabia

Cognitive Radio Networks(CRNs)have become a successful platform in recent years for a diverse range of future systems,in particularly,industrial internet of things(IIoT)*** order to provide an efficient connection among IIoT devices,CRNs enhance spectrum utilization by using licensed ***,the routing protocol in these networks is considered one of the main problems due to node mobility and time-variant channel ***,the channel selection for routing protocol is indispensable in CRNs to provide an adequate adaptation to the Primary User(PU)activity and create a robust routing *** study aims to construct a robust routing path by minimizing PU interference and routing delay to maximize throughput within the IIoT ***,a generic routing framework from a cross-layer perspective is investigated that intends to share the information resources by exploiting a recently proposed method,namely,Channel Availability ***,a novel cross-layer-oriented routing protocol is proposed by using a time-variant channel estimation *** protocol combines lower layer(Physical layer and data Link layer)sensing that is derived from the channel estimation ***,it periodically updates and stores the routing table for optimal route ***,in order to achieve higher throughput and lower delay,a new routing metric is *** evaluate the performance of the proposed protocol,network simulations have been conducted and also compared to the widely used routing protocols,as a *** simulation results of different routing scenarios demonstrate that our proposed solution outperforms the existing protocols in terms of the standard network performance metrics involving packet delivery ratio(with an improved margin of around 5–20%approximately)under varying numbers of PUs and cognitive users in Mobile Cognitive Radio Networks(MCRNs).Moreover,the cross-layer routing protocol successfully achiev

关键词： Channel selection Cross-layer design Mobile cognitive radio networks Routing protocol IIoT applications

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Drone Gesture Control using OpenCV and Tello 8

Drone Gesture Control using OpenCV and Tello

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8th Conference on information Communication Technology and Society, ICTAS 2024

作者： Khoza, Nokuthula Owolawi, Pius Malele, Vusumuzi Soshanguve Campus Tshwane University of Technology Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Department of Computer Systems Engineering Pretoria South Africa North-West University Unit for Data Science and Computing School of Computer Science and Information Systems Vanderbijlpark Campus Vanderbijlpark South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314892

Tracking a person with an onboard camera is a very difficult and perhaps technically impossible if one camera is used. In this regard, real-life projects use a series of cameras to achieve the task. The advent of camera installed drone technology has made it possible for researchers and designers to resolve the tracking issues of a single or multiple stagnant devices. This paper presents a method that makes it possible for a drone to recognize hand gestures as control mechanism and follow the person who control it. Furthermore, the method assists in drone object detection using an integrated depth camera that provides video capturing. The OpenCV and Tello were used in this project. A stabilized depth video is for use with current person trackers like the OpenCV tracker. The estimated Tello pose deduced from vision to stabilize the depth image by warping it to a virtual-static camera. This method allows the Tello to obtain not only the tracked person's position and orientation but also their full body pose, which can then be used, for instance, to recognize hand gestures and alter the Tello's behavior. This work has a potential of contributing or enhancing cutting-edge applications such as hands-free photography and videography. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Drones

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PALCT: vehicle-to-vehicle communication based on pseudonym assignment and encryption scheme using delay minimisation cover tree algorithm

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International Journal of Vehicle information and Communication Systems 2025年第2期10卷 132-147页

作者： Tandon, Righa Gupta, P.K. Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jaypee University of Information Technology HP Solan173 234 India Department of Data Science School of Computing Mohan Babu University AP Tirupati517 102 India

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication is one of the new paradigms of networking, which should be secure, fast, and efficient. In this paper, we propose a framework that implements the pseudonym-based authentication scheme in which communication among vehicles is encrypted by using a matrix array symmetric key (MASK), digital signature algorithm (DSA), and intelligent water drop (IWD). The proposed security scheme also ensures the handling of many security attacks like key-guessing, non-repudiation, replay, and modification. In the proposed scheme, to preserve the identity of the vehicle, we have provided the different pseudonyms for each vehicle in the network that ensure secure communication among vehicles. Furthermore, the proposed delay minimisation cover tree algorithm ensures the issue of timed delay during vehicle-to-vehicle communication. In this algorithm, we have used Dijkstra’s algorithm for finding the optimal shortest path during vehicular communication. The results obtained show that the proposed scheme is effective and efficient, as it reduces the time delay by 4% for 140 vehicle nodes and 28.4% for 1000 vehicle nodes. Copyright © 2025 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Encryption algorithms

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Heterogeneous Edge Service Deployment for Cyber Physical Social Intelligence in Internet of Vehicles

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2023年 1-13页

作者： Meng, Ke Liu, Zhongjian Xu, Xiaolong Xia, Xiaoyu Tian, Hao Qi, Lianyong Zhou, Xiaokang School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China School of Computing Technologies RMIT University Melbourne Australia State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Qingdao China Faculty of Data Science Shiga University Otsu Japan

Cyber Physical Social Intelligence (CPSI) integrates the social intelligence and cyber-physical systems, enabling machines to better interact and respond to human social behaviors. Under CPSI, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has given rise to an increasing number of latency-sensitive services. Edge computing, as a distributed computing paradigm, enhances data processing capabilities, reduces data transmission latency, and minimizes bandwidth consumption. However, due to the limited resources of edge servers, striking a balance between service latency and deployment costs remains a highly challenging issue in the process of service deployment. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous edge service deployment method for CPSI in IoV. Firstly, considering the heterogeneity of IoV services and edge servers, communication model, computational model, and heterogeneous service deployment cost model are constructed. Secondly, to maximize service deployment efficiency and minimize communication latency, a distance and workload-based edge server cluster division method is proposed. Subsequently, heterogeneous service deployment is performed in different clusters based on service category prioritization and minimal deployment quantity prioritization principles. Furthermore, an Analytic hierarchy process-based Heterogeneous edge Service dePloyment algorithm for CPSI in IoV, named AHSP, has been designed to determine optimal service deployment strategies. Finally, extensive numerical experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of AHSP. IEEE

关键词： Computation theory

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