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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Li, Ziyan Yu, Jianfei Yang, Jia Wang, Wenya Yang, Li Xia, Rui School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

As an important task in multimodal information extraction, Multimodal Named Entity Recognition (MNER) has recently attracted considerable attention. One key challenge of MNER lies in the lack of sufficient fine-grained annotated data, especially in low-resource scenarios. Although data augmentation is a widely used technique to tackle the above issue, it is challenging to simultaneously generate synthetic text-image pairs and their corresponding high-quality entity annotations. In this work, we propose a novel Generative Multimodal data Augmentation (GMDA) framework for MNER, which contains two stages: Multimodal Text Generation and Multimodal Image Generation. Specifically, we first transform each annotated sentence into a linearized labeled sequence, and then train a Label-aware Multimodal Large Language Model (LMLLM) to generate the labeled sequence based on a label-aware prompt and its associated image. We further employ a Stable Diffusion model to generate the synthetic images that are semantically related to these sentences. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed GMDA framework, which consistently boosts the performance of several competitive methods for two subtasks of MNER in both full-supervision and low-resource settings. The low-resource dataset and source code are released at https://***/NUSTM/GMDA. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： data augmentation

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Integrated Simulation Research of Multi-natural Energy-driven Unmanned Surface Vehicle

Integrated Simulation Research of Multi-natural Energy-drive...

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2023 International Conference on Applied Mathematics and Digital Simulation, AMDS 2023

作者： Chen, Ao Chen, Tianding He, Hong Wang, Hui Fan, Yimei Yu, Xin School of Physics and Information Engineering Minnan Normal University Fujian Province China School of Computing and Information Science Fuzhou Institute of Technology Fujian Province China School of Data and Computer Science Xiamen Institute of Technology Fujian Province China

In response to the limitations of existing unmanned surface vehicles in complex marine environments, where they often fail to meet the requirements for extended endurance, broad operational range, offshore missions, and prolonged operational durations, an autonomous Unmanned Surface Vehicle (NUSV) has been designed and developed. The NUSV is propelled by wind, solar, and wave energy sources. Concerning wind energy, a micro wind energy storage mechanism based on a spiral spring has been designed to enable power generation in low-wind conditions. A wave energy transmission device, complete with a dynamic model, has been devised for wave energy. This device converts torque generated from wave action in different directions into a unified torque, providing continuous power to drive the generator. Solar energy is harnessed using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms to ensure optimal operation of the solar panels. The electrical energy generated from these three natural sources is stored using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and DC-DC Boost converters. A programmable logic controller manages and allocates this stored electrical energy for the NUSV's equipment, including underwater propulsion systems, surface cameras, laser radar, GPS, and other electronic devices. This integration of wind, solar, and wave energy sources enables the NUSV to meet power demands, allowing for long-duration operations at sea, extended offshore missions, wide operational ranges, and prolonged mission durations. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： DC-DC converters

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Harnessing the Power of Vocal Signals in COVID-19 Detection Utilizing Machine Learning

Harnessing the Power of Vocal Signals in COVID-19 Detection ...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Big data, Bigdata 2024

作者： Mann, Aleesa Jadhav, Ajinkya P. Matovu, Richard Gupta, Vibhuti Meharry Medical College School of Applied Computational Sciences Department of Computer Science and Data Science NashvilleTN United States Gannon University Department of Computing and Information Science EriePA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

The global COVID-19 pandemic has strained health-care systems and highlighted the need for accessible and efficient diagnostic methods. Traditional diagnostic tools, such as nasal swabs and biosensors, while accurate, pose significant logistical challenges and high costs, limiting their scalability. This paper explores an alternative, non-invasive approach to COVID-19 detection using machine learning algorithms to analyze vocal patterns, particularly cough and breathing sounds. Leveraging a publicly available dataset, we developed machine learning models capable of classifying audio samples as COVID-19 positive or negative. Our models achieve an AUC of up to 85% and an F1-score of 81%, demonstrating the potential of machine learning in enabling rapid, cost-effective COVID-19 diagnosis. These findings suggest that audio-based diagnostics could be a practical and scalable solution, particularly in resource-limited settings where traditional methods are less feasible. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Towards the New XAI: A Hypothesis-Driven Approach to Decision Support Using Evidence 27

Towards the New XAI: A Hypothesis-Driven Approach to Decisio...

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27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Le, Thao Miller, Tim Sonenberg, Liz Singh, Ronal School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland Australia CSIRO's Data61 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685489

Prior research on AI-assisted human decision-making has explored several different explainable AI (XAI) approaches. A recent paper has proposed a paradigm shift calling for hypothesis-driven XAI through a conceptual framework called evaluative AI that gives people evidence that supports or refutes hypotheses without necessarily giving a decision-aid recommendation. In this paper, we describe and evaluate an approach for hypothesis-driven XAI based on the Weight of Evidence (WoE) framework, which generates both positive and negative evidence for a given hypothesis. Through human behavioural experiments, we show that our hypothesis-driven approach increases decision accuracy and reduces reliance compared to a recommendation-driven approach and an AI-explanation-only baseline, but with a small increase in under-reliance compared to the recommendation-driven approach. Further, we show that participants used our hypothesis-driven approach in a materially different way to the two baselines. © 2024 The Authors.

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Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence-Driven Advanced Methods for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Identification and Classification: A Systematic Review

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1199-1231页

作者： Syed Ijaz Ur Rahman Naveed Abbas Sikandar Ali Muhammad Salman Ahmed Alkhayat Jawad Khan Dildar Hussain Yeong Hyeon Gu Department of Computer Science Islamia CollegePeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Information Technology The University of HaripurHaripur22620Pakistan College of Technical Engineering The Islamic UniversityNajaf100986Iraq School of Computing Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Republic of Korea Department of AI and Data Science Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Republic of Korea

Automatic detection of Leukemia or blood cancer is one of the most challenging tasks that need to be addressed in the healthcare *** of white blood cells(WBCs)in the blood or bone marrow microscopic slide images play a crucial part in early identification to facilitate medical *** Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia(ALL),the most preferred part of the blood or marrow is to be analyzed by the experts before it spreads in the whole body and the condition becomes *** researchers have done a lot of work in this field,to demonstrate a comprehensive analysis few literature reviews have been published focusing on various artificial intelligence-based techniques like machine and deep learning detection of *** systematic review has been done in this article under the PRISMA guidelines which presents the most recent advancements in this *** image segmentation techniques were broadly studied and categorized from various online databases like Google Scholar,science Direct,and PubMed as image processing-based,traditional machine and deep learning-based,and advanced deep learning-based models were *** Neural Networks(CNN)based on traditional models and then the recent advancements in CNN used for the classification of ALL into its subtypes.A critical analysis of the existing methods is provided to offer clarity on the current state of the ***,the paper concludes with insights and suggestions for future research,aiming to guide new researchers in the development of advanced automated systems for detecting life-threatening diseases.

关键词： Acute lymphoblastic bone marrow segmentation classification machine learning deep learning convolutional neural network

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Deep learning at the service of metaheuristics for solving numerical optimization problems

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Neural computing and Applications 2025年 1-36页

作者： Oyelade, Olaide N. Ezugwu, Absalom E. Saha, Apu K. Thieu, Nguyen V. Gandomi, Amir H. School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen’s University Belfast Bangladesh Unit for Data Science and Computing North-West University 11 Hoffman Street Potchefstroom2520 United States Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology Agartala Tripura Agartala799046 India Faculty of Computer Science Phenikaa University Yen Nghia Hanoi Ha Dong12116 Viet Nam Department of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney UltimoNSW2007 Australia

Integrating deep learning methods into metaheuristic algorithms has gained attention for addressing design-related issues and enhancing performance. The primary objective is to improve solution quality and convergence speed within solution search spaces. This study investigates the use of deep learning methods as a generative model to learn historical content, including global best and worst solutions, solution sequences, function evaluation patterns, solution space characteristics, population modification trajectories, and movement between local and global search processes. An LSTM-based architecture is trained on dynamic optimization data collected during the metaheuristic optimization process. The trained model generates an initial solution space and is integrated into the optimization algorithms to intelligently monitor the search process during exploration and exploitation phases. The proposed deep learning-based methods are evaluated on 55 benchmark functions of varying complexities, including CEC 2017 and compared with 13 biology-based, evolution-based, and swarm-based metaheuristic algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that all the deep learning-based optimization algorithms achieve high-quality solutions, faster convergence rates, and significant performance improvements. These findings highlight the critical role of deep learning in addressing design issues, enhancing solution quality, trajectory, and performance speed in metaheuristic algorithms. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Fortifying Smart Grids: A Holistic Assessment Strategy against Cyber Attacks and Physical Threats for Intelligent Electronic Devices

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2579-2609页

作者： Yangrong Chen June Li Yu Xia Ruiwen Zhang Lingling Li Xiaoyu Li Lin Ge School of Computer Science Zhengzhou University of AeronauticsZhengzhou450046China Henan Xin’an Century Technology Co. Ltd.Henan Data Security Engineering Technology Research CenterZhengzhou450046China Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of EducationSchool of Cyber Science and EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

Intelligent electronic devices(IEDs)are interconnected via communication networks and play pivotal roles in transmitting grid-related operational data and executing control *** the context of the heightened security challenges within smart grids,IEDs pose significant risks due to inherent hardware and software vulner-abilities,as well as the openness and vulnerability of communication *** grid security,distinct from traditional internet security,mainly relies on monitoring network security events at the platform layer,lacking an effective assessment mechanism for ***,we incorporate considerations for both cyber-attacks and physical faults,presenting security assessment indicators and methods specifically tailored for ***,we outline the security monitoring technology for IEDs,considering the necessary data sources for their security ***,we classify IEDs and establish a comprehensive security monitoring index system,incorporating factors such as running states,network traffic,and abnormal *** index system contains 18 indicators in 3 ***,we elucidate quantitative methods for various indicators and propose a hybrid security assessment method known as GRCW-hybrid,combining grey relational analysis(GRA),analytic hierarchy process(AHP),and entropy weight method(EWM).According to the proposed assessment method,the security risk level of IEDs can be graded into 6 levels,namely 0,1,2,3,4,and *** higher the level,the greater the security ***,we assess and simulate 15 scenarios in 3 categories,which are based on monitoring indicators and real-world situations encountered by *** results show that calculated security risk level based on the proposed assessment method are consistent with actual ***,the reasonableness and effectiveness of the proposed index system and assessment method are validated.

关键词： Smart grid intelligent electronic device security assessment abnormal behaviors network traffic running states

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A Comprehensive Study of OOP-Related Bugs in C++ Compilers

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IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 2025年 1-21页

作者： Wang, Bo Chen, Chong Chen, Junjie Xu, Bowen Ye, Chen Lin, Youfang Dong, Guoliang Sun, Jun Beijing Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing100044 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Data Mining and Embodied Intelligence China Tianjin University College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin300350 China North Carolina State University Department of Computer Science NC27695 United States Singapore Management University School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore178902 Singapore

Modern C++, a programming language characterized by its extensive use of object-oriented programming (OOP) features, is widely used for system programming. However, C++ compilers often struggle to correctly handle these sophisticated OOP features, resulting in numerous high-profile compiler bugs that can lead to crashes or miscompilation. Despite the significance of OOP-related bugs, existing studies largely overlook OOP features, hindering their ability to discover such bugs. To assist both compiler fuzzer designers and compiler developers, we conduct a comprehensive study of the compiler bugs caused by incorrectly handling C++ OOP-related features. First, we systematically extract 788 OOP-related C++ compiler bugs from GCC and LLVM. Second, derived from the core concepts of OOP and C++, we manually identified a two-level taxonomy of the OOP-related features leading to compiler bugs, which consists of 6 primary categories (e.g., Abstraction & Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Runtime Polymorphism), along with 17 secondary categories (e.g., Constructors & Destructors and Multiple Inheritance). Third, we systematically analyze the root causes, symptoms, fixes, options, and C++ standard versions of these bugs. Our analysis yields 13 key findings, highlighting that features related to the construction and destruction of objects lead to the highest number of bugs, crashes are the most frequent symptom, and while the average time from bug introduction to discovery is 1856 days, fixing the bug once discovered takes only 174 days on average. Additionally, more than half of the bugs can be triggered without any compiler options. These findings offer valuable insights not only for developing new compiler testing approaches but also for improving language design and compiler engineering. Inspired by these findings, we developed a proof-of-concept compiler fuzzer OOPFuzz, specifically targeting OOP-related bugs in C++ compilers. We applied it against the newest release versions

关键词： C++ (programming language)

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Development of Fast Prediction System of User Action for a Fully Autonomous Smart Home System 4

Development of Fast Prediction System of User Action for a F...

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4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2025

作者： Rajalakshmi, N.R. Sharmila, L. Prabu, S. Veeramakali, T. Arulkumaran, G. Chourasia, Pranshu Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu India School of Computing Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computing Technologies Kattankulathur Chennai India School of Computing Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Data Science and Business Systems Kattankulathur Chennai India School of Computing and Information Technology Reva University Karnataka Bangalore560064 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523923

The HVAC system, energy storage building, distributed power supply, and other equipment are integrated into the scheduling algorithm, which is aimed at reducing household electricity consumption. It is also assumed that users can provide energy to the grid according to their own conditions. Taking electricity cost and comfort level as optimization targets, a home energy optimization control model for the coordinated management of hybrid energy sources is built. A smart scheduling mechanism based on the improved adaptive particle swarm optimization approach is proposed in order to derive the best time intervals for electric appliances, necessary power for the control of the room temperature for every time frame, and power for charging and discharging of the storage battery at various moments. Simulation results show that through the incorporation of distributed photovoltaic power generation, backup storage by battery, and home energy optimization control, the system efficiently balances between user comfort and electricity consumption. This offers great technical support to the development of home energy management systems. By using time-of-use electricity price for energy acquisition and supply, the optimization control goal is minimizing both power use and cost as well as preserving comfort levels. The hybrid energy management's proposed home energy optimization control model uses an adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm to find the optimal operation schedules of the electrical appliances, the required power for temperature control in a room, and the charge/discharge power level of the storage battery at each time interval. As per the optimization principle, the proposed dynamic programming algorithm converts the multi-stage problem into a sequence of single-stage problems and solves them separately. This method successfully resolves intricate problems that cannot be addressed through greedy algorithms or divide-and-conquer. In this research, management ac

关键词： Decision making

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Multi-Classification Refactoring Framework Using Hopfield Neural Network for Sustainable Software Development

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 31785-31808页

作者： Almogahed, Abdullah Mahdin, Hairulnizam Hyeon Gu, Yeong Al-Masni, Mohammed A. Alzaeemi, Shehab Abdulhabib Omar, Mazni Alawadhi, Abdulwadood Obaid Barraood, Samera Rehman Gilal, Abdul Ameen Bakather, Adnan Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Parit Raja Johor86400 Malaysia Sejong University College of AI Convergence Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Seoul05006 Korea Republic of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Interdisciplinary Research Center in Finance and Digital Economy Business School Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Universiti Utara Malaysia School of Computing Sintok06010 Malaysia Hadhramout University College of Computers and Information Technology Department of Computer Science Hadhramaut Yemen Florida International University Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences MiamiFL33199 United States

Adopting high-quality source code is the ultimate way through which software evolution can be ensured as sustainable. Continuous refactoring in complex software systems ensures longevity and increases architecture knowledge sustainability. However, decision-making about refactoring is a challenge because the benefits of refactoring are vague and very difficult for the developers to quantify, as different refactoring strategies have different effects on quality attributes. No research has developed a multi-classification refactoring framework using artificial neural networks (ANN), specifically hopfield neural networks (HNN), to classify refactoring strategies and improve external software quality and sustainability. Therefore, this study proposes a multi-classification refactoring framework using HNN that classifies refactoring strategies by their impact on external quality attributes. Five stages have been conducted to perform this study, including selecting case studies, identifying the external quality attributes, identifying the most commonly used refactoring strategies in practice, conducting the experiments, and conducting the classification process using HNN. The proposed framework categorizes the refactoring strategies into three categories (positive, negative, and ineffective). By providing clear classifications and descriptions of each strategy, the proposed framework helps developers make informed decisions about how to improve the design and structure of their code. It helps developers mitigate risks associated with code changes by providing guidance on which strategies are likely to yield positive results for specific quality attributes. The proposed multi-classification refactoring framework enhances software sustainability by enhancing critical quality attributes. It supports maintainability, adaptability, and long-term viability, helping to ensure that the software systems remain relevant, efficient, and valuable over time. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Hopfield neural networks

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