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10th International Conference on ICT for Smart Society, ICISS 2023

作者： Hiererra, Siti Elda Chandra, Victor Ivana, Jane Wibowo, Jessica Lynn Asadi, Faisal School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Information Systems Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Business Analytics Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350339543

As energy consumption rises, finding ways to reduce energy usage in homes is crucial. This paper presents a case study using design thinking to create a daily energy tracker that helps users reduce energy consumption. We conduct user research, define the problem, brainstorm solutions (mobile app, smart thermostat, smart plug, physical tracker), and test prototypes. A mobile app that tracks energy usage in real-time and offers personalized tips emerges as the most promising solution. We develop and launch the app, partnering with an energy company. This case study showcases the effectiveness of design thinking in creating a user-centered solution for reducing energy consumption. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Energy utilization

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Optimizing Secure Multi-User ISAC systems With STAR-RIS: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for 6G Networks

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 31472-31484页

作者： Kamal, Mian Muhammad Zain Ul Abideen, Syed Al-Khasawneh, M.A. Alabrah, Amerah Sohail Ahmed Larik, Raja Irfan Marwat, Muhammad Southeast University School of Electronic Science and Engineering Jiangning Jiangsu Nanjing211189 China Qingdao University College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao266071 China Al-Ahliyya Amman University Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Amman19111 Jordan Skyline University College School of Computing University City Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates King Saud University College of Computer and Information Science Department of Information Systems Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia Ilma University Department of Computer Science Sindh Karachi75190 Pakistan University of Science and Technology Bannu Department of Software Engineering Bannu28100 Pakistan

The rapid evolution of wireless communication technologies and the increasing demand for multi-functional systems have led to the emergence of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) as a key enabler for future 6G networks. Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) have recently garnered significant attention for their ability to enhance signal coverage and improve system efficiency. This paper investigates a STAR-RIS-assisted ISAC system designed to secure communication for multiple legitimate users (LUs) while safeguarding against multiple eavesdroppers (Eves). By jointly optimizing the base station (BS) transmit beamforming, STAR-RIS transmission and reflection coefficients, and receive filters, the proposed framework aims to maximize the long-term average secrecy rate for all LUs. Constraints are imposed to ensure minimum echo signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for sensing and meet the achievable rate requirements of LUs. To address the inherent complexity of this non-convex problem, two deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms are proposed. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves significant improvements in secrecy rate compared to conventional RIS setups. This work provides a scalable and efficient approach for secure multi-user ISAC systems, making it highly relevant for future 6G networks, smart cities, and IoT applications. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Self-Checking Deep Neural Networks for Anomalies and Adversaries in Deployment

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure computing 2022年 1-18页

作者： Xiao, Yan Beschastnikh, Ivan Lin, Yun Hundal, Rajdeep Singh Xie, Xiaofei Rosenblum, David S. Dong, Jin Song School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore Department of Computer Science George Mason University Fairfax USA

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been widely adopted, yet DNN models are surprisingly unreliable, which raises significant concerns about their use in critical domains. In this work, we propose that runtime DNN mistakes can be quickly detected and properly dealt with in deployment, especially in settings like self-driving vehicles. Just as software engineering (SE) community has developed effective mechanisms and techniques to monitor and check programmed components, our previous work, SelfChecker, is designed to monitor and correct DNN predictions given unintended abnormal test data. SelfChecker triggers an alarm if the decisions given by the internal layer features of the model are inconsistent with the final prediction and provides advice in the form of an alternative prediction. In this paper, we extend SelfChecker to the security domain. Specifically, we describe SelfChecker++, which we designed to target both unintended abnormal test data and intended adversarial samples. Technically, we develop a technique which can transform any runtime inputs triggering alarms into semantically equivalent inputs, then we feed those transformed inputs to the model. Such runtime transformation nullifies any intended crafted samples, making the model immune to adversarial attacks that craft adversarial samples. We evaluated the alarm accuracy of SelfChecker++ on three DNN models and four popular image datasets, and found that SelfChecker++ triggers correct alarms on 63.10% of wrong DNN predictions, and triggers false alarms on 5.77% of correct DNN predictions. We also evaluated the effectiveness of SelfChecker++ in detecting adversarial examples and found it detects on average 70.09% of such samples with advice accuracy that is 20.89% higher than the original DNN model and 18.37% higher than SelfChecker. IEEE

关键词： Deep neural networks

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EmoSync: Facial Emotion Detection for Adaptive Music Playback 3

EmoSync: Facial Emotion Detection for Adaptive Music Playbac...

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3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence For Internet of Things, AIIoT 2024

作者： Devarajan, Devikanniga Rajkumar, K. GITAM Deemed to be University Computer Science and Engineering Nagadenahalli Doddabalpur Karnataka Bangalore561203 India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur603 203 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372120

This work investigates using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and VGGNet architecture, for realtime emotion detection. Raw data from the FER-2013 dataset is transformed from CSV format into organized image directories, segmented by distinct emotions. The resulting model, equipped with convolutional, pooling, and dense layers, effectively classifies emotions from 48x48 grayscale images. In application, the model overlays detected emotions onto a webcam stream. An integrated music player module synchronizes music with the subject's emotions. Overall, this research explores a comprehensive interactive system focused on recognizing and responding to human emotions. Without further training data, our model, to the best of our understanding, achieves modern single-network accuracy of 74.57% on FER2013 © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Python

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Extracting Facial Features to Detect Deepfake Videos Using Machine Learning

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International Journal of Advanced computer science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 834-842页

作者： Aslam, Ayesha Mir, Jamaluddin Zaman, Gohar Rahman, Atta Salam, Asiya Abdus Ali, Farhan Alhiyafi, Jamal Bakry, Aghiad Gul, Mustafa Jamal Gollapalli, Mohammed Mahmud, Maqsood Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information Technology Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O. Box 1982 Dammam31441 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information Technology Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O. Box 1982 Dammam31441 Saudi Arabia College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science Kettering University FlintMI United States Department of Business Administration University of York York YO10 5DD Heslington United Kingdom Department of Information Technology & Engineering Sydney Met SydneyNSW2000 Australia School of Computing Ulster University Northern Ireland Belfast United Kingdom

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have gained popularity for their ability to synthesize images from random inputs in deep learning models. One of the notable applications of this technology is the creation of realistic videos known as deepfakes, which have been misused on social media platforms. The difficulty lies in distinguishing these fake videos from real ones with the naked eye, leading to significant concerns. This study proposes a supervised machine learning approach to effectively differentiate between real and counterfeit videos by detecting visual artifacts. To achieve this, two facial features are extracted: eye blinking and nose position, utilizing landmark detection techniques. Both features were trained on supervised machine learning classifiers and evaluated using the publicly available UADFV and Celeb-DF deepfake datasets. The experiments successfully demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a promising and superior performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 97% for deepfake detection in contrast to state-of-the-art methods investigating the same datasets. © (2025), (science and information Organization). All rights reserved.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Empowering Diagnosis: Cutting-Edge Segmentation and Classification in Lung Cancer Analysis

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4963-4977页

作者： Iftikhar Naseer Tehreem Masood Sheeraz Akram Zulfiqar Ali Awais Ahmad Shafiq Ur Rehman Arfan Jaffar Faculty of Computer Sciences&Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Lahore54000Pakistan Information System Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering(CSEE) University of EssexWivenhoe ParkColchesterCO43SQUK

Lung cancer is a leading cause of global mortality *** detection of pulmonary tumors can significantly enhance the survival rate of ***,various computer-Aided Diagnostic(CAD)methods have been developed to enhance the detection of pulmonary nodules with high ***,the existing method-ologies cannot obtain a high level of specificity and *** present study introduces a novel model for Lung Cancer Segmentation and Classification(LCSC),which incorporates two improved architectures,namely the improved U-Net architecture and the improved AlexNet *** LCSC model comprises two distinct *** first stage involves the utilization of an improved U-Net architecture to segment candidate nodules extracted from the lung ***,an improved AlexNet architecture is employed to classify lung *** the first stage,the proposed model demonstrates a dice accuracy of 0.855,a precision of 0.933,and a recall of 0.789 for the segmentation of candidate *** suggested improved AlexNet architecture attains 97.06%accuracy,a true positive rate of 96.36%,a true negative rate of 97.77%,a positive predictive value of 97.74%,and a negative predictive value of 96.41%for classifying pulmonary cancer as either benign or *** proposed LCSC model is tested and evaluated employing the publically available dataset furnished by the Lung Image database Consortium and Image database Resource Initiative(LIDC-IDRI).This proposed technique exhibits remarkable performance compared to the existing methods by using various evaluation parameters.

关键词： Lung cancer segmentation AlexNet U-Net classification

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YOLOv8n-CGW: A novel approach to multi-oriented vehicle detection in intelligent transportation systems

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第7期84卷 3809-3840页

作者： Berwo, Michael Abebe Fang, Yong Sarwar, Nadeem Mahmood, Jabar Aljohani, Mansourah Elhosseini, Mostafa School of Information and Engineering Chang’an University Shaanxi Xi’an710064 China Department of Computer Science Bahria University Lahore Campus Punjab Lahore54600 Pakistan Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of Sialkot Punjab Sialkot51040 Pakistan College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Yanbu46421 Saudi Arabia Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt

In the context of Intelligent Transportation systems (ITS), the role of vehicle detection and classification is indispensable for streamlining transportation management, refining traffic control, and conducting in-depth accident analyses. However, the intricate task of accurately detecting multi-oriented vehicles in diverse scenarios remains a challenge, even with the advancements in ITS. Factors such as vehicle morphology, design, road conditions, structural details, and climatic variables provide a significant part in the detection. To address this, our study introduces an advanced YOLOv8n model, specifically the YOLOv8n-CGW, which is built upon pre-trained deep learning frameworks. This model is meticulously tailored to enhance the detection capabilities for multi-oriented vehicles. Comprehensive evaluations on esteemed datasets like MtV, MERGED, Custom dataset, DAWN, WEDGE, and UA-DETRAC underscore the superiority of our approach over existing models. Notably, our YOLOv8n-CGW model achieves a remarkable mAP of 83.3% and boasts a swift inference time of 0.0019s, setting a new benchmark in the domain. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Retinal Image Analysis for Early Deduction of Diabetic Retinopathy 9

Retinal Image Analysis for Early Deduction of Diabetic Retin...

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9th International Conference on Advanced computing and Communication systems, ICACCS 2023

作者： Chinnasamy, A. Selvakumari, P. SRMIST School of Computing Department of Data Science and Business Systems Chennai India Anna University Chennai Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350397376

The prevalence of DR is steadily rising, which necessitates the automatic disease severity extraction and classification. About 2% of those with this illness are entirely blind because of the diabetic mellitus problem and 10% get vision impairment after 15 years of diabetes as a result of the DR complication. It is also a significant contributor to blindness in both middle aged and older age groups. The patient may develop to severe stages of irreversible blindness if the condition is not detected early. The growing number of diabetic patients face a major issue due to a lack of ophthalmologists. It is suggested that an automated DR screening system be created to aid the ophthalmologist in making decisions. One of the primary symptoms of the DR is hard exudates. The detection of hard exudates is crucial for screening purposes and aids in disease monitoring and diagnosis. Thus, utilising Lloyd's clustering technique, this work offered a unique techniques to segment the exudates and irregularities in DR were found. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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A New S-Box Design System for data Encryption Using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 781-797页

作者： Yazeed Yasin Ghadi Mohammed SAlshehri Sultan Almakdi Oumaima Saidani Nazik Alturki Fawad Masood Muhammad Shahbaz Khan Department of Computer Science Al Ain UniversityAbu Dhabi112612United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabad4400Pakistan School of Computing Engineering and the Built EnvironmentEdinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburghEH105DTUK

Securing digital image data is a key concern in today’s information-driven *** encryption techniques are required to protect sensitive image data,with the Substitution-box(S-box)often playing a pivotal role in many symmetric encryption *** study introduces an innovative approach to creating S-boxes for encryption *** proposed S-boxes are tested for validity and non-linearity by incorporating them into an image encryption *** nonlinearity measure of the proposed S-boxes is *** qualities significantly enhance its resistance to common cryptographic attacks,ensuring high image data ***,to assess the robustness of the S-boxes,an encryption system has also been proposed and the proposed S-boxes have been integrated into the designed encryption *** validate the effectiveness of the proposed encryption system,a comprehensive security analysis including brute force attack and histogram analysis has been *** addition,to determine the level of security during the transmission and storage of digital content,the encryption system’s Number of Pixel Change Rate(NPCR),and Unified Averaged Changed Intensity(UACI)are *** results indicate a 99.71%NPCR and 33.51%*** results demonstrate that the proposed S-boxes offer a significant level of security for digital content throughout its transmission and storage.

关键词： S-box chaos artificial bee colony image encryption

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OFDM-structure based waveform designs for integrated sensing and communication

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 267-284页

作者： Jiaqi LIU Ping YANG Ke JIANG Jiarong ZHAO Wei XIANG Jianping WEI Ruixiang DUAN Saviour ZAMMIT Tony Q.S.QUEK National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences La Trobe University Meituan Academy of Robotics Department of Communications and Computer Engineering University of Malta Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design

The future sixth-generation(6G) paradigm aims to seamlessly integrate communication and environmental sensing capabilities into a single radio signal, promising improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness through simultaneous data communications and environmental perception. At the core of this evolution, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) and its advanced waveforms emerge as pivotal for integrated sensing and communications(ISAC). This study introduces a concise and unified ISAC waveform design framework based on orthogonal multicarriers. This framework supports versatile applications of OFDM and its derivative waveforms within a generalized ISAC system, marking a significant leap in integrating communication and sensing capabilities. A distinguishing feature of this framework is its adaptability,allowing users to intelligently select modulation strategies based on their specific environmental needs. This adaptability optimizes performance across diverse scenarios. Central to our innovations is the proposal of discrete Fourier transformspread OFDM with index modulation(DFT-S-OFDM-IM). This framework is paired with newly proposed signal processing methods for single-input single-output and multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems. Extensive evaluations highlight DFT-S-OFDM-IM's superiority, including dramatically reduced peak-to-average power ratios(PAPRs), competitive communication performance, and exceptional sensing capabilities, striking an elegant balance between communication capacity and environmental sensing precision.

关键词： DFT-S-OFDM-IM index modulation integrated sensing and communication OFDM

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