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Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation Network for Distinguishing Positive and Negative Examples

APPLIED sciENCES-BASEL 2025年第7期15卷 3627-3627页

作者： Guo, Feng Zhou, Dong Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Res Inst Elect Sci & Technol Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China

Few-shot segmentation (FSS) aims to segment a query image with a few support images. However, there can be large differences between images from the same category, and similarities between different categories, making it a challenging task. In addition, most FSS methods use powerful encoders to extract features from the training class, which makes the model pay more attention to the features of the 'seen' class, and perform poorly on the segmentation task of 'unseen' classes. In this work, we propose a novel end-to-end model, called GFormer. GFormer has four components: encoder, prototype extractor, adversarial prototype generator, and decoder. Our encoder makes simple modifications to VIT to reduce the focus on image content, using a prototype extractor to extract prototype features from a range of support images. We further introduce different classes that are similar to the support image categories as negative examples, taking the support image categories as positive examples. We use the adversarial prototype generator to extract the adversarial prototypes from the positive and negative examples. The decoder segments the query images under the guidance of the prototypes. We conduct extensive experiments on a variety of unknown classes. The results verify the feasibility of the proposed model and prove that the proposed model has strong generalization performance for new classes.

关键词： few-shot semantic segmentation prototype learning transformer

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Moving Target Detection for FDA Radar With Array Errors in Mainlobe Jamming Scenarios

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND electRONIC SYSTEMS 2025年第2期61卷 4127-4137页

作者： Huang, Libing Zhang, Shunsheng Xiao, Siyao Wang, Wen-Qin Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Informat & Commun Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Res Inst Elect Sci & Technol Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China

Mainlobe jamming posesa significant threat to victim radar system. In this article, the problem of detecting moving target in the simultaneous presence of mainlobe smart jamming and array gain and phase (GP) errors is addressed in a frequency diverse array (FDA) radar. At the modeling stage, we assume that the elements of FDA radar are partially calibrated, where the array errors are modeled as GP inconsistency. On this basis, we propose a systematic scheme termed as joint jamming suppression and target detection (JJSTD), where the jamming-plus-noise covariance matrix is recovered to achieve precise removal of the jamming. To further enhance the detection performance of the moving target, we resort to the generalized Radon Fourier transform to accumulate target energy. Note that the proposed JJSTD requires neither nonlinear optimizations nor any prior knowledge regarding the target and mainlobe jamming. Numerical examples demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method against the array GP errors and mainlobe jamming. Moreover, it achieves desired outcomes even in the extreme scenario with array element failures and high jamming-to-signal ratio.

关键词： Jamming Radar Radar detection Object detection Radar antennas Phased arrays Array signal processing Receivers Accuracy Vectors Array errors frequency diverse array (FDA) radar mainlobe smart jamming moving target detection

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Suppression of Multipactor Discharge on a Dielectric With a Beat Wave

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON electRON DEVICES 2025年第1期72卷 445-452页

作者： Huang, Xinyi Wang, Huihui Liu, Laqun Liu, Dagang Li, Zhijie Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Sci & Engn Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Phys Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China

An electromagnetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation technique is used to analyze multipactor discharge on a dielectric with a beat wave composed of multiple high-power microwaves (HPMs) with similar frequencies. Unlike the single-frequency HPM, the strength of E-n of the multipactor with a beat wave fluctuates greatly with time, resulting in the root-mean-square value of E-n (strongly related to the average deposition power) being significantly greater than the absolute value of the arithmetic mean of E-n (the traditional indicator of the multipactor strength), where E-n is the electric field due to the deposited charges induced by multipactor. In this article, the influence of double-frequency and triple- frequency beat waves on multipactor is studied from the perspective of the root-mean-square value and absolute value of the arithmetic mean of E-n. The results show that the strong multipactor with a beat wave is unaffected by the spectra of the beat wave and the beat wave cannot inhibit the strong multipactor strength in contrast to a single-frequency HPM with the same average microwave power while the inhibition effect of a beat wave on a moderated multipactor is obvious. Further analysis shows that the suppression effect of a beat wave on a moderated multipactor is greatest when both the frequencies and phases of the beat wave are arranged in an arithmetic progression and the moderated multipactor can also be suppressed substantially when the amplitudes of the beat wave deviate slightly from the condition of equal amplitude.

关键词： Dielectrics electrons Discharges (electric) Arithmetic Radio frequency electric fields electric breakdown Surface waves Microwave integrated circuits Microwave FET integrated circuits Beat wave multifrequency multipactor particle-in-cell (PIC) root-mean-square value

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Broadband Beam-Scanning Metasurface With Rotatable Phase Shifting Surface

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 2025年第2期73卷 1239-1244页

作者： Zhang, Luming Jiang, Hao Hu, Tingxuan Wen, Zhuoyue Li, Mo Zhang, Periodicaljian Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Sci & Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Inst Adv Millimeter Wave Technol Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China

Fresnel zone plate (FZP)-phase shifting surface (PSS)-based metasurface design techniques have demonstrated advantages in mechanical beam-scanning antenna design. However, mechanical beam-scanning metasurfaces based on PSS are typically limited to narrowband operation and lack broadband capabilities in high millimeter-wave frequencies. To address the limitations of mechanical beam-scanning metasurfaces, a novel high-frequency design approach is proposed, which incorporates hybrid unit cells exhibiting high transmission amplitude and a 60 degrees phase difference across the broadband range. By integrating a combination of identical and nonidentical unit cells, the proposed design enables the realization of arbitrary transmission phase ranges with reduced design complexity. Furthermore, an analysis of the metal layer structure reveals that the introduction of additional resonance variables enhances phase difference stability in the broadband range. A PSS-based broadband mechanical scanning scheme is first proposed in the W-band, which is easy to integrate and has low processing costs. The beam-scanning metasurface predicated on this broadband PSS design achieves a 3-dB gain bandwidth of 20%, offering a promising solution for W-band wireless communication system.

关键词： Broadband mechanical beam scanning phase shifting surface (PSS) W-band Broadband mechanical beam scanning phase shifting surface (PSS) W-band

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Ergonomic conscious scheduling of maintenance activities in marine vehicles using an optimized non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II - An application of job-shop scheduling

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ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2025年 149卷

作者： Usman, Shaban Lu, Cong Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Mech & Elect Engn Chengdu Peoples R China Yibin Pk Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Yibin Peoples R China

Incorporating ergonomics in marine activities is critical due to the extreme working conditions and limited crew in marine vehicles, aiming to enhance productivity and job performance by reducing the risks of fatigue, stress, and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. This paper introduces an innovative analogy of the flexible job-shop scheduling problem with ergonomic considerations (AFJSP-ER) to schedule maintenance activities in marine systems, addressing the dual objectives of optimizing productivity and promoting ergonomic relief. A novel metric, 'ergonomic impact load' is introduced to assess the actual workload of the crew by combining the processing time and the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) score of an operation. To solve the AFJSP-ER, an optimized non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (ONSGA) is proposed, incorporating an optimized random crossover (ORX) operator. The ORX operator is fine-tuned using the Taguchi method to determine the optimal number of elements for crossover, while non-dominated sorting ensures the selection of superior individuals after crossover and mutation. The effectiveness of the proposed ONSGA has been validated through extensive experiments on newly developed test instances and using an industrial case study from the ship engine compartment. The results also indicate that the AFJSP-ER approach effectively optimizes productivity and promotes ergonomic relief, offering a practical solution for scheduling in ergonomically challenging marine environments.

关键词： Maintenance scheduling Extreme working conditions Ergonomics Rapid entire body assessment Job-shop scheduling Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II

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Intelligent Transportation Vehicle Road Collaboration and Task Scheduling Based on Deep Learning in Augmented Internet of Things

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR technolOGY 2025年第2期74卷 2198-2209页

作者： Xu, Chen Wang, Gang Wei, Mingzhu Zhang, Ping Peng, Bei Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Mech & Elect Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Informat & Commun Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Optoelect Sci & Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China

With the continuous development of intelligent transportation systems, achieving efficient vehicle-road coordination and task scheduling has become increasingly important for enhancing safety and efficiency. In order to effectively solve the problem that it is difficult to adapt to the intelligent transportation system due to the heterogeneity of cloud and edge computing resources and the complexity of communication, this paper proposes an intelligent transportation vehicle road collaboration and task scheduling method based on deep learning in the enhanced Internet of Things (IoT) environment. The proposed method utilizes a Collaborative Task Placement Deep Reinforcement Learning strategy (CTPDRL) and builds a cloud-edge collaborative computing framework controlled by deep reinforcement learning. Then, from the perspective of the interests of users and service providers, the task model under cloud edge collaborative computing is analyzed, and a system service quality model is established. Through Deep Q Networks (DQN) and Q-tables, CTPDRL can optimize the allocation of computing and communication resources, achieving effective task placement. The experimental results show that our proposed method can effectively reduce the overall cost of cloud and edge cloud computing, improve the practicality of the system in multi edge cloud environments, and help solve the problem of image perception blind spots in intelligent transportation, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of intelligent driving.

关键词： Task analysis Cloud computing Transportation Reliability Collaboration Roads Real-time systems Augmented internet of things deep reinforcement learning vehicle road collaboration task offloading vehicle to vehicle

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Impulsive effects on delayed fractional-order neural networks: sliding mode control-based fixed-time synchronization analysis

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NONLINEAR DYNAMICS 2025年第13期113卷 16571-16592页

作者： Cheng, Yali Yang, Wanying Xu, Wenbo Zhong, Shouming Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Resources & Environm Chengdu Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Math Sci Chengdu Peoples R China

This paper included a detailed discussion of the delayed fractional-order neural networks (FONNs) subject to impulse effects as well as their fixed-time synchronization (FXTS) problem. To explore this issue, an advanced fixed-time stability (FTS) is introduced, which considers the impact of order alpha\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\alpha $$\end{document} on settling-time (ST), allows time-varying functions for the coefficients and indefinite derivatives of the Lyapunov function (LF). Next, several measures are adopted to handle issues in control systems. Firstly, a piecewise function is utilized within the integral function to avoid integral windup. Secondly, a class of fractional-order integral sliding mode control (FOSMC) and a class of fractional-order integral sliding mode surface (FOSMS) with odd power characteristics are designed. This design addresses the chattering problem resulting from the sign function and enables the fixed-time reachability and stability of the sliding mode dynamics. Subsequently, several relevant conditions were obtained to solve the FXTS problem of FONNs with impulse effects. At last, to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results, a numerical simulation is provided.

关键词： Fractional-order neural networks Fixed-time synchronization Fixed-time stability Sliding mode control Impulsive effects

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Design a π -Structure-Device Achieve Phase-Locked to S-Band Magnetrons

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 2025年第1期73卷 448-455页

作者： Zhao, Aming Li, Hailong Wang, Bin Bi, Liangjie Yin, Yong Meng, Lin Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Sci & Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China

To increase the power level and simplify the power-combining system, the critical issue is the phase-locked of magnetrons. To solve this problem, a novel structure based on peer-to-peer locking is proposed. The structure called $\pi$ -structure-device (PSD) consists of a four-port waveguide and two symmetrical metal blocks. Changing the size and relative position of the two metal blocks, scattering parameters can be altered. In simulation, the structure can achieve 99% energy output. To verify this performance, a dual-way magnetron phase-locked system is conducted without extra external signal sources, circulators, and phase shifters. When signals from the magnetrons passed through the structure are injected into each other, the energy will be exchanged ultimately achieving a stable phase difference state, thereby achieving phase locked. Corresponding experimental results indicate that the proposed system can achieve the efficient phase-locked in two magnetrons and the output efficiency is approximately 97.2%. The system has the advantage of high efficiency phase-locked and low cost. An appropriate waveguide structure to form an array can be used to achieve phase-locked of multiple magnetrons. Our investigation is significant for efficient microwave power combining applications.

关键词： High efficiency magnetrons phase-locked pi-structure-device (PSD) High efficiency magnetrons phase-locked

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Design and Cold Test of a Broadly Tunable Terahertz Short Double-Grating Rectangular Waveguide Slow Wave Structure

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON electRON DEVICES 2025年第3期72卷 1455-1461页

作者： Latif, Jibran Wang, Zhanliang Jameel, Atif Nadeem, Muhammad Khawar Ali, Bilawal Wang, Shaomeng Gong, Yubin Gong, Huarong Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Sci & Engn Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China

A short double-grating rectangular waveguide (DGRW) slow wave structure (SWS) is designed and compared in detail with DGRW. Significant modifications are made to the corrugation geometry to optimize the dispersion characteristics, resulting in a broader frequency passband and enhanced frequency tunability. The high-frequency performance is analyzed in terms of dispersion and interaction impedance. The structure shows an interaction impedance of 1.5 Omega at 0.34 THz. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed design, a 0.34-THz backward wave oscillator circuit is designed and fabricated comprising 160 periods. The circuit is assembled and cold-tested for scattering parameters. The results show S-21 values above -1.5 dB and S11 below -20 dB for a broad frequency range. The beam-wave interaction simulations using a 30-kV, 30-mA electron beam, and 0.2-T focusing magnetic field show that the backward wave oscillator based on the proposed design achieves an average output power of 16 W at 0.34 THz, with a frequency tuning range of 95 GHz when compared with 57 GHz for the DGRW-based backward wave oscillator.

关键词： Gratings Impedance Terahertz communications Surface roughness Power generation Integrated circuit modeling Dispersion Terahertz radiation Surface waves Surface impedance Backward wave oscillator double-grating interaction impedance pencil electron beam (PEB) rectangular waveguide terahertz (THz)

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Numerical Evaluation of Strongly Near-Singular Integrals in High-Order Method of Moments

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 2025年第3期73卷 1640-1649页

作者： Wang, Heng Chen, Yongpin Zong, Xianzheng Hu, Jun Nie, Zaiping Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Sci & Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China

A numerical evaluation approach for strongly near-singular integrals in the high-order method of moments (MoM) is presented in this article. The approach starts with a three-subtriangle division and the establishment of a local coordinate system for each subtriangle. A Duffy transformation is then introduced to transform the surface integral in the Cartesian system into a radial-angular form to mitigate the singularities in the y-direction. According to the pole-based asymptotic analysis of the truncation error, successive sinh transformations are subsequently applied to both inner and outer integrals to accelerate the error convergence of numerical integration. Finally, by introducing a projection surface, the proposed method is further extended to curvilinear elements and applied to the high-order MoM. Numerical results have demonstrated the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method for strongly near-singular integrals and its applicability in high-order MoM for practical electromagnetic (EM) scattering problems.

关键词： Method of moments Testing Accuracy Finite wordlength effects Integral equations Convergence Antennas and propagation Surface waves Hands Green's function methods High-order method of moments (MoM) singular integrals singularity cancellation sinh transformation strongly near-singular integrals

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