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Enhancing the performance of electrical-discharge machining via various planetary modes

International Journal of Machining and Machinability of Materials 2009年第2-3期5卷 308-320页

作者： El-Taweel, T.A. Hewidy, M.S. Faculty of Engineering Department of Production Engineering and Machine Design Menoufiya University Shebin El-Kom Egypt

Planetary EDM is the best option when it comes to the reduction of machining time required to achieve the specifications of dimensional accuracy and surface finish of an EDM operation. In this paper, the validity of circular planetary EDM with two different modes namely, spiral and helix modes are assessed from the point of view of metal removal rate, machining time surface finish and dimensional accuracy. The effects of the tool eccentricity with different circular planetary modes on the metal removal rate, machining time, surface roughness, machined diameter and roundness were presented. Planetary motion proves its powerfulness in controlling the workpiece shape for various dimensional tolerances and surface quality by the use of the same tool. Increasing the tool eccentricity for the helix mode improved the roundness error by about 34% higher than that for the spiral one (spiral-10). The results of the analysis will be useful and of practical application for the user of the EDM die sinking process in order to adjust the dimensional accuracy, machining time and final surface quality. Copyright © 2009, Inderscience Publishers.

关键词： Surface roughness

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Presentation of the lifework of kurt hain pioneer of applied kinematics in Germany

Presentation of the lifework of kurt hain pioneer of applied...

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2006 ASME International design engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information In engineering Conference, DETC2006

作者： Kerle, Hanfried Brix, Torsten Modler, Karl-Heinz Technical University of Braunschweig Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology PO Box 3329 D-38023 Braunschweig Germany Technical University of Ilmenau Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Engineering Design Group PO Box 100565 D-98684 Ilmenau Germany Technical University of Dresden Institute of Solid Mechanics Professorship of Kinematics PO Box TU D-01062 Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)079183784X

Dr.-Ing. E.h. Kurt Hain was born 1908 in Leipzig and died 1995 in Braunschweig. He was a pioneer of applied kinematics in Germany. He also visited American universities four times starting in 1957. He wrote 13 books and about 380 articles on nearly all partial fields of kinematics. This paper tries to give a complete survey of his lifework and describes a national research approach to preserve his heritage for future generations of mechnimcal engineers. Copyright © 2006 by ASME.

关键词： Professional aspects

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Oil film temperature distribution of cylindrical journal bearings with variable axial profile

Oil film temperature distribution of cylindrical journal bea...

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2005 World Tribology Congress III

作者： Strzelecki, S. Ghoneam, S.M. Someya, T. Department of Machine Design Lodz University of Technology Lodz Poland Mechanical Design and Production Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University Shebin-el-kom Egypt Musashi Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0791842029

Misaligned shaft affects the bearings characteristics and significantly diminishes the range of safe bearing operation and it generates. the mixed friction and transient conditions of unstable operation. Misalignment of journal bearing can be caused by position errors too. Journal bearings with, hyperboloidal profile extend the bearing operation range without the stress concentration on the edges of bush and the load can be carried without application of self-aligning bearings. Copyright © 2005 by ASME.

关键词： Journal bearings

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Heuristic gradient projection for 3D space frame optimization

Heuristic gradient projection for 3D space frame optimizatio...

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DETC2005: ASME International design engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in engineering Conference

作者： Abd El Malek, Maged R. Senousy, Mohamed S. Hegazi, Hesham A. Metwalli, Sayed M. Machine Design Cairo Egypt MCV Company Cairo Egypt Department of Mechanical Design and Production Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Cairo 12316 Egypt Cairo 11511 Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)079184739X

The purpose of this work is to develop a novel optimization process for the design of space frames. The main objective is to minimize the space frame volume and consider stress constraints satisfaction. A finite element program is devised to synthesize 3D-space frames and aid in its topology optimization. The program is verified through different elementary problems with known analytical solutions as well as with commercial packages. A Midi-Bus frame is modeled with about 300 members and analyzed for a severe road model condition. The optimization effectively uses the devised Heuristic Gradient Projection (HGP) technique to synthesize the optimum Midi-Bus frame. Results indicate a marked improvement over available designs and remarkably faster convergence over other optimization techniques. This technique can thus be effectively applied to other large 3D-space frame synthesis and optimization. Copyright © 2005 by ASME.

关键词： Heuristic methods

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Development of steerable endoscopes to improve depth perception during laparoscopic surgery

Development of steerable endoscopes to improve depth percept...

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27th Biennial Mechanisms and Robotics Conference

作者： Breedveld, Paul Hirose, Shigeo Delft University of Technology Faculty of Design Engineering and Production Man-Machine Systems Group Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft Netherlands Tokyo Institute of Technology Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 2-12-1 O-Okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0791836215

Laparoscopic surgery is carried out by using an endoscope with a camera that is inserted through a small incision in the abdominal wall. The camera pictures are presented on a monitor. The movements of the endoscope are limited by the incision point. This results in a restricted ability to observe organs from different sides, which complicates the surgeon's depth perception. This paper describes the development of two new steerable endoscopes that are the product of a close co-operation between the Man-machine Systems Group of the Delft university of Technology and the Hirose & Yoneda laboratory of the Tokyo Institute of Technology. Both endoscopes contain a new spatial parallelogram-mechanism to transform the handgrip movements into movements of the steerable tip. The handgrips contain an arrow that points always in the direction of the line-of-sight of the tip-camera. This provides intuitive control of the tip, showing how the camera is oriented in the abdominal cavity. The tip-cameras can be moved in six degrees of freedom, thus enabling the surgeon to observe organs from different sides. Part of the parallelogram- mechanism is a new kind of spring that combines high torsion stiffness with a low, asymmetric bending stiffness. The endoscopes and the spring have been applied for two international patents. Copyright © 2002 by ASME.

关键词： Depth perception

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A study on the role of human operators in supervised automation system and its implications

A study on the role of human operators in supervised automat...

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World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation (WCICA)

作者： K. Li S. Thompson P.A. Wieringa J.X. Peng School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Queen''s University Belfast Belfast UK Man-Machine Systems & Control Faculty of Design Engineering and Production Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands

The role of human operators in supervised automation system is analysed. Human limitations in supervisory control are summarised based on the study of human model and human-machine interaction. Although it is arguably advantageous if some tasks are assigned to a human operator rather than an automation system, it is shown that the number of linked subsystems should be limited. The implications of this study are also discussed.

关键词： Humans Automatic control Manufacturing automation Man machine systems Control systems design engineering design automation Supervisory control Predictive models Hardware

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Supervising Automation

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第26期31卷 263-267页

作者： Peter A. Wieringa Zhi Gang Wei Kang Li Henk G. Stassen Man-Machine Systems & Control Faculty of Design Engineering and Production Delft University of Technology

This papers deals with the limitations to human centered design of partly automated systems. The application domain is the process industry assuming continuous processes. It will be argued that it could be advantageous to assign some tasks, that could otherwise be assigned to an automatic system, to the human operator. But we will also show that the number of sub-systems, which have some kind of interaction to each other and that form a system, should be limited so that the not more than about 20 to 40 serious control actions per hour should be taken by the operator at all times.

关键词： Supervisory control Alarm systems Operators Stress

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Pilot's Perception and Control of Aircraft Motions

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第26期31卷 311-316页

作者： Ruud Hosman Henk Stassen Man-Machine Systems and Control Faculty of Design Engineering and Production Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 2 2628 CD DELFT The Netherlands

For proper manual aircraft control, the pilot has to perceive the motion state of the aircraft. In this perception process both the visual and the vestibular system play an important role. To understand this perception process and its impact on pilot's control behavior a descriptive model was developed. The single channel information processor model was applied as the basic structure of the final model. Three groups of experiments were performed to refme the model structure and to defme the majority of the model parameters. The model has been evaluated by measuring the control behavior in tracking tasks.

关键词： Human perception Flight control Manual control Simulation

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design and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Forceps with Accurate Force Feedback

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第26期31卷 503-507页

作者： J.L. Herder K.T. den Boer W. Sjoerdsma Delft University of Technology Faculty of Design Engineering and Production Section of Man-Machine Systems Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands

This paper presents newly designed laparoscopic forceps and describes the evaluation of the man-machine interface performance. Careful mechanical design has led to a purely mechanical instrument with excellent intrinsic feedback capacity, thus omitting the need for an electronic feedback system. This concept has relevance for the design of all manually operated instruments and tools.

关键词： backlash friction high-efficiency inherent feedback manipulators medical applications mechanical engineering transmission characteristics

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design and Evaluation of the Human-machine Interface for Inspection Tasks of a Teleoperated Space Manipulator

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第26期31卷 335-340页

作者： E.F.T. Buiël M. de Beurs A. van Lunteren B.G. Stassen Delft University of Technology Faculty of Design Engineering and Production Department of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology Man-Machine Systems and Control Group Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft the Netherlands

The anthropomorphic European Robotic Arm (ERA) is a large telemanipulator that will be mounted on the new International Space Station. To the human operator, the execution of ERA's inspection tasks is difficult because of the lack of spatial information in the available camera pictures, the manipulator dynamics, and the potential presence of time delays in the control loop. The humanmachine interface must assist the operator in order to avoid collisions between the manipulator and hazardous objects in its environment. The results of simulator experiments with three different configurations of ERA's human-machine interface show that automatic collision avoidance as well as a perspective distance visualisation in a graphical camera overlay are indispensable components of the interface. The automatic collision avoidance decreases the task completion time. Besides, it releases the operator from frequently correcting the commanded movements. The perspective graphical camera overlay substantially improves the operator's situational awareness. As a result, the automatic collision avoidance has to correct his control commands less often.

关键词： teleoperation manual control human-machine interface human-centred design evaluation

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