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IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)

作者： Benjamin Rother Nico Kalis Christian Haubelt Frank Golatowski Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350319347

ISBN: (纸本)9798350319354

In this study, the authors examine the technical challenges associated with wireless localization algorithms in indoor environments. The paper presents an in-depth analysis of various wireless communication technologies, meticulously summarizing their salient features and their implications within the broader scope of research. The outcomes of this study contribute significant technical insights into the capabilities and limitations of Joint Communications and Sensing (JCAS) technology. These insights are pivotal for advancing seamless data exchange and achieving comprehensive connectivity in the realm of 6G wireless communication networks, particularly those that integrate localization functionalities. The detailed findings of this research are poised to inform and influence subsequent technical research and developmental strategies in this specialized field.

关键词： Wireless communication 6G mobile communication Location awareness Wireless sensor networks Technological innovation Transforms Sensors

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Improving the Real-Time Capability of MQTT for Sensor Networks (MQTT-SN) Using PREEMPT_RT

Improving the Real-Time Capability of MQTT for Sensor Networ...

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IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)

作者： Michael Nast Michael Rethfeldt Frank Golatowski Christian Haubelt Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350319347

ISBN: (纸本)9798350319354

Real-time capability plays an important role in modern factory communication systems. However, protocols such as MQTT, CoAP, and MQTT-SN, which are increasingly finding their way into industrial environments alongside industrial-grade protocols such as OPC UA and DDS, cannot fulfill the timing requirements without further optimization. In this paper, we present extensions of MQTT-SN to improve the real-time behavior in combination with PREEMPT_RT, which provides different real-time mechanisms for the Linux kernel. We address general, operating system-based, and hardware-specific optimizations. Their benefits are demonstrated by measurements in a practical testbed. The proposed extensions reduce delay and jitter, but do not aim to guarantee an upper bound on end-to-end delay.

关键词： Protocols Upper bound Linux Jitter Real-time systems Production facilities Delays

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A Novel OPC UA PubSub Protocol Binding Using MQTT for Sensor Networks (MQTT-SN)

A Novel OPC UA PubSub Protocol Binding Using MQTT for Sensor...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Michael Nast Hannes Raddatz Frank Golatowski Christian Haubelt University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350361230

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361247

In this paper, we present the integration of MQTT for Sensor Networks (MQTT-SN) into OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) as a novel publish/subscribe (PubSub) protocol binding in order to enhance the industrial communication stack. By leveraging the lightweight MQTT-SN protocol, which is currently not considered in the architecture, we improve OPC UA's capability for high-frequency, low-latency messaging, which is essential for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. We discuss related work and describe the design and implementation in detail. Our hybrid approach combines the rich data modeling and security capabilities of OPC UA with the communication efficiency of MQTT-SN, providing a scalable solution for real- time data management in industrial automation systems.

关键词： Protocols Industrial communication Real-time systems Data models Security Low latency communication Manufacturing automation Industrial Internet of Things

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Case-Study on Visible Light Communication for Implant Monitoring

Case-Study on Visible Light Communication for Implant Monito...

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2022 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, BioCAS 2022

作者： Koschay, Maximilian Richter, Henryk Statz, Meike Kober, Maria Puschmann, Jonas Plocksties, Franz Storch, Alexander Kuhn, Volker Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock18119 Germany Institute of Communications University of Rostock Rostock18119 Germany Department of Neurology University Medical Center Rostock Rostock18147 Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781665469173

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469173

The focus of this paper is the feasibility of Visible Light Communication (VLC) for the monitoring of implants in rodents by example of two approaches. One of the VLC variants is intended for manually triggered transmission and takes advantage of the CMOS sensor rolling shutter principle. The second approach is designed mainly for autonomous monitoring. Trials with freely moving animals have shown that the first approach provides a throughput of 148 bit/s. For the automatic monitoring a transmission every 6 hours is sufficient for a reliable daily update of the implant *** exhibits limited range and channel capacity in comparison to radio frequency (RF) based telemetry. However, the advantage of VLC solutions is the minimal space requirement as only a single LED is needed in addition to the microcontroller on the transmitter side. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Visible light communication

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MAC-Filter Based Topology Control for WLAN Mesh Networks

MAC-Filter Based Topology Control for WLAN Mesh Networks

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Tim Brockmann Michael Rethfeldt Benjamin Beichler Frank Golatowski Christian Haubelt Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350361230

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361247

WLAN Mesh Networks (WMNs) are a promising network architecture for IoT applications due to their self-healing and robust network formation capabilities. The IEEE 802.11s amendment standard integrates mesh functionality into the WLAN MAC layer, ensuring seamless peering and routing. Initially designed for testing, the Linux implementation of IEEE 802.11s includes basic peer link blocking mechanisms. Based on this, we present a new MAC address filtering approach for reliable topology control in WLAN mesh networks. Our modifications to the Linux kernel enable persistent link blocking and bidirectional link teardown, preventing the sporadic establishment of unwanted connections. Real-world experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： Wireless LAN Mesh networks Linux Network architecture Routing Topology Reliability IEEE 802.11 Standard Standards Testing

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IEEE 11073 SDC for Pandemics like COVID-19: Example Implementation of an Isolation Room

IEEE 11073 SDC for Pandemics like COVID-19: Example Implemen...

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作者： Kasparick, Martin Schackmann, Dennis Klotz, Tobias Ritz, Fabian Golatowski, Frank Rethfeldt, Michael Neumuth, Thomas Timmermann, Dirk Rockstroh, Max Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Richard-Wagner-Straße 31 Rostock Germany ICCAS University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany Drägerwerk AG and Co. KGaA Lübeck Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Treating patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) isolation room is full of challenges for the caregivers and the patients. While this is known for years, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted these challenges as if under a burning glass – intensified by a high number of patients at the same time. The risk of infection for the caregivers is very high inside the isolation room and the time spent for putting on and taking off personal protective equipment (PPE) is enormous. Thus, every treatment that can be performed from the anteroom of the isolation room at the same quality level as if being inside the isolation room is a potential building block for solving the challenges. However, data like vital signs have to be provided to the anteroom, alarms have to be transferred to the right caregiver at the right place, and controlling medical device parameters from the anteroom are prerequisites. The new IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) series of standards is a key technology to realize this. Therefore, this paper presents an example implementation of IEEE 11073 SDC-based ICU isolation rooms by means of a demonstrator. Such systems can significantly reduce the amount of time the caregivers have to spend in the isolation room and reduce the number of clothing (PPE) changes while providing care at a level of a non-isolation room. As a midterm goal these are steps for the vision of a "silent/quiet ICU". © 2022 The Author(s), published by De Gruyter.

关键词： COVID-19

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Silent ICU based on IEEE 11073 SDC

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Current Directions in Biomedical engineering 2023年第1期9卷 303-306页

作者： Kasparick, Martin Klotz, Tobias Andersen, Björn Thürk, Gregor Neumuth, Thomas Rockstroh, Max Rother, Benjamin Golatowski, Frank B. Braun Melsungen AG Carl-Braun-Straße 1 Melsungen 34212 Germany Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA Lübeck Germany ICCAS University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Patients and caregivers suffer from alarm-related noise in today's hospitals. While this is a topic for all fields of care, this challenge is especially relevant for intensive care units (ICUs). The noise harms patients, hinders the recovery process, or can even lead to psychosis. For the caregivers, noise causes an enormous stress level and in combination with the high number of clinically irrelevant or false alarms it leads to alarm fatigue and desensitization. These problems result in documented deaths of patients. Therefore, we present a demonstrator of a Silent ICU. Based on a distributed alarm system, the medical devices at the bedside do not create any audio alarm signals, as long as a remote alarm notification system is connected and works properly. An ICU bed place consists of devices from different manufacturers. Thus, a standardized interconnection is necessary. Therefore, we use IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) to create a cross-manufacturer distributed alarm system with components from three different companies. A fourth company provides a documentation system for this demonstrator. Patients and caregivers will greatly benefit from Silent ICUs and smart distributed alarm systems that will be build based on interoperable cross-manufacturer environments. © 2023 the author(s), published by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Intensive care units

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Design and Performance Evaluation of a Standalone MQTT for Sensor Networks (MQTT-SN) Broker

Design and Performance Evaluation of a Standalone MQTT for S...

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IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)

作者： Michael Nast Frank Golatowski Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

The Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is a de-facto standard for machine-to-machine (M2M) communication in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain. However, since it is limited to TCP at transport layer, it is not possible to run MQTT over UDP, which would be desirable for real-time capable publish/subscribe. MQTT for Sensor Networks (MQTT-SN), which is a lightweight version of MQTT, allows the use of UDP, however, is strongly coupled to MQTT by the current specification and cannot be operated independently of it. In this work, we therefore propose a standalone broker implementation of MQTT-SN. In initial measurements, we can show that our approach is much more performant than the approach described in the specification and that our implementation compares very well with the protocols CoAP Pub/Sub and MOTT.

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Estimating Mutual Information for Link Adaptation in Generalized Spatial Modulation Systems with Neural Networks 26

Estimating Mutual Information for Link Adaptation in General...

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26th International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas, WSA 2023 and 13th Conference on Systems, Communications, and Coding, SCC 2023

作者： Bailon, Daniel Nicolas Kühn, Volker Shavgulidze, Sergo Freudenberger, Jürgen Institute for System Dynamics HTWG Konstanz University of Applied Sciences Germany Institute of Communications Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Rostock Germany Faculty of Informatics and Control Systems Georgian Technical University Georgia Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783800760510

Spatial modulation (SM) is a low-complexity multiple-input/multiple-output transmission technique that combines index modulation and quadrature amplitude modulation for wireless communications. In this work, we consider the problem of link adaption for generalized spatial modulation (GSM) systems that use multiple active transmit antennas simultaneously. Link adaption algorithms require a real-time estimation of the link quality of the time-variant communication channels, e.g., by means of estimating the mutual information. However, determining the mutual information of SM is challenging because no closed-form expressions have been found so far. Recently, multilayer feedforward neural networks were applied to compute the achievable rate of an index modulation link. However, only a small SM system with two transmit and two receive antennas was considered. In this work, we consider a similar approach but investigate larger GSM systems with multiple active antennas. We analyze the portions of mutual information related to antenna selection and the IQ modulation processes, which depend on the GSM variant and the signal constellation. © VDE VERLAG GMBH · Berlin · Offenbach.

关键词： Complex networks

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Room Lighting for Grid Stabilization 5

Room Lighting for Grid Stabilization

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5th International Conference on Smart Grid and Smart Cities, ICSGSC 2021

作者： Uster, Felix Plocksties, Franz Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780738133157

Load control for consumer devices offers great potential in terms of power grid stabilization. Utilizing power adaptation capabilities of modern electronics allows a wide range of devices to participate in the grid stabilization. Certain electronic devices, like lighting, are directly perceived by humans or part of larger installations. Therefore, a minimum impact on perception and system integrity facilitates acceptance and allows a wide distribution. Taking advantage of the human properties for perceiving changes in light we propose an effective grid stabilization method for considerable network imbalances in order to utilize the high share of the total power demand in Europe that lighting accounts for. With regard to the results, we can assume a considerable stabilizing effect with hardly noticeable perception. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Stabilization

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