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International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications

作者： Christoph Niemann Michael Rethfeldt Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Germany

Adaptive Voltage Scaling (AVS) is a well-known technique in ASICs. However, the requirements for its application in FPGAs are quite different. AVS uses run-time knowledge to determine a favorable voltage/frequency operating point. There are many suggestions in the literature for the sensors to be used to gain this run-time knowledge. However, the specific placement and routing of each sensor instance is either ignored or manually defined by hard macros or directed routing. In this paper, we propose a new approach to sensor placement. We are able to omit strict constraints like directed routing and give more freedom to the EDA tool without compromising sensor accuracy by using a proper sensor calibration. As a result, we are able to avoid placement and routing conflicts between sensors and application design. This allows the use of larger sensors with significant routing delay. An extensive experimental evaluation proves the validity of our approach.

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A SystemC Model of the IEEE 802.11 EDCA Protocol for Virtual Prototyping

A SystemC Model of the IEEE 802.11 EDCA Protocol for Virtual...

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2021 International Symposium on Networks, computers and Communications, ISNCC 2021

作者： Beichler, Benjamin Rethfeldt, Michael Raddatz, Hannes Steffen, Lukas Timmermann, Dirk Haubelt, Christian Institute Of Applied Microelectronics And Computer Engineering University Of Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780738113166

Due to the increasing complexity of distributed embedded systems, the development process demands early substantiation of design decisions for the targeted system. Virtual prototypes enable an early validation of hardware/software systems and they have proven to be very beneficial for target software development. However, these prototypes often do not include models for inter-device communication aspects of distributed systems. Especially the use of wireless communication has a significant impact on the overall system behavior and performance. This paper introduces a SystemC model of an essential part of IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN communication, the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) protocol. In comparison to widely used network simulations, the modeling with SystemC promises an easier integration into existing virtual prototypes. EDCA is the main part of the lower medium access layer (MAC) of IEEE 802.11 and interfaces to the physical-layer communication as well as to non-time-critical higher MAC-layer functions. We conducted experiments with an additional simple physical communication channel model to compare our solution in terms of precision and performance to the well-established network simulator ns-3. We show that our model differs by $\approx 0.3 \%$ of retransmitted frames and an accompanied difference of the overall simulated transmission time of $\approx 0.45 \%$. It meets the overall expectations for the stochastic EDCA protocol. Moreover, the presented model has a significantly better simulation performance with $3 \cdot 10^{-5}$ s wall-clock time per frame, which is at least two orders of magnitude better than with the compared ns-3 simulation. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Accelerated Ageing Test and Lifetime Prediction of MOSFETs 23

Accelerated Ageing Test and Lifetime Prediction of MOSFETs

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23rd European Microelectronics and Packaging Conference and Exhibition, EMPC 2021

作者： Maxa, Jacob Nowottnick, Mathias Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Institute of Applied Electronics Circuits University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780956808677

An active power cycling test-bed for a power MOSFET is presented in this publication. This setup is used to create temperature dependent load cycles of 24 parallel devices. After a passive calibration step the drain-to-source voltage is used to estimate the junction temperature. The devices are then heated until a predefined value is reached. The setup is power cycled until at least 20 channels failed and then analysed using metallographic cross-sections. Furthermore, this setup records the thermal impedance of each channel over time. With these data it is possible to detect and predict a solder fatigue (crack, void) during operation. Finally after all load cycles the results were evaluated by Weibull plots and a lifetime estimation for other temperatures is given in the way of a stress-life curve. The results suggest a comparable lifetime compared to ceramic-based components, if the substrate does not have an influence as a source of faults. © 2021 2021 23rd European Microelectronics and Packaging Conference and Exhibition, EMPC 2021. All rights reserved.

关键词： Power MOSFET

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Silent ICU based on IEEE 11073 SDC

Silent ICU based on IEEE 11073 SDC

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作者： Kasparick, Martin Klotz, Tobias Andersen, Björn Thürk, Gregor Neumuth, Thomas Rockstroh, Max Rother, Benjamin Golatowski, Frank B. Braun Melsungen AG Carl-Braun-Straße 1 Melsungen34212 Germany Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA Lübeck Germany ICCAS University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Patients and caregivers suffer from alarm-related noise in today's hospitals. While this is a topic for all fields of care, this challenge is especially relevant for intensive care units (ICUs). The noise harms patients, hinders the recovery process, or can even lead to psychosis. For the caregivers, noise causes an enormous stress level and in combination with the high number of clinically irrelevant or false alarms it leads to alarm fatigue and desensitization. These problems result in documented deaths of patients. Therefore, we present a demonstrator of a Silent ICU. Based on a distributed alarm system, the medical devices at the bedside do not create any audio alarm signals, as long as a remote alarm notification system is connected and works properly. An ICU bed place consists of devices from different manufacturers. Thus, a standardized interconnection is necessary. Therefore, we use IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) to create a cross-manufacturer distributed alarm system with components from three different companies. A fourth company provides a documentation system for this demonstrator. Patients and caregivers will greatly benefit from Silent ICUs and smart distributed alarm systems that will be build based on interoperable cross-manufacturer environments. © 2023 the author(s), published by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Intensive care units

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TeleSDC Concept for ISO/IEEE 11073 SDC in telemedicine across unreliable networks

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Current Directions in Biomedical engineering 2021年第2期7卷 403-406页

作者： Pabst, Tobias Stegemann, Dominik Georgi, Christoph Kasparick, Martin Suleder, Julian Neumuth, Thomas Rockstroh, Max Innovation Center Computer Assisted Surgery Institute of Faculty of Medicine University Leipzig Leipzig Germany SurgiTAIX AG Herzogenrath Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering (University Rostock) Rostock Germany ERNW Research GmbH Heidelberg Germany

Telemedicine promises to increase the quality of emergency treatments. Besides the transfer of speech and video data, medical device and patient data will add additional value to the tele-guided emergency personnel. In this paper, we develop a concept for transmitting device and patient data via the open communication standards SDC in a telemedical context, including data transmission over mobile radio networks while considering the limitations of public networks, and opening new usage scenarios for telemedicine. © 2021 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Telemedicine

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Effects of deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) on cellular plasticity in catecholaminergic systems in a hemiparkinsonian rat model

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Brain Stimulation 2023年第1期16卷 313-314页

作者： Statz, Meike Kober, Maria Schleuter, Frederike Bathel, Henning Plocksties, Franz Timmermann, Dirk van Rienen, Ursula Fauser, Mareike Storch, Alexander Department of Neurology University of Rostock Germany Institute of General Electrical Engineering University of Rostock Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Germany Department Life Light & Matter University of Rostock Germany Department Ageing of Individuals and Society University of Rostock Germany German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald Germany

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Constant-Weight Convolutional Codes for Index Modulation 25

Constant-Weight Convolutional Codes for Index Modulation

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25th International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas, WSA 2021

作者： Bailon, Daniel Nicolas Freudenberger, Jürgen Kühn, Volker Institute for System Dynamics HTWG Konstanz University of Applied Sciences Germany Institute of Communications Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783800756889

The encoding of antenna patterns with generalized spatial modulation as well as other index modulation techniques require w-out-of-n encoding where all binary vectors of length n have the same weight w. This constant-weight property cannot be obtained by conventional linear coding schemes. In this work, we propose a new class of constant-weight codes that result from the concatenation of convolutional codes with constant-weight block codes. These constant-weight convolutional codes are nonlinear binary trellis codes that can be decoded with the Viterbi algorithm. Some constructed constant-weight convolutional codes are optimum free distance codes. Simulation results demonstrate that the decoding performance with Viterbi decoding is close to the performance of the best-known linear codes. Similarly, simulation results for spatial modulation with a simple on-off keying show a significant coding gain with the proposed coded index modulation scheme. © VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach

关键词： Convolution

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Strategies on Deep Brain Stimulation Devices for Effective Behavioral Studies in Rodents

Strategies on Deep Brain Stimulation Devices for Effective B...

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IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical engineering and Sciences (IECBES)

作者： Franz Plocksties Anika Lüttig Christoph Niemann Felix Uster Denise Franz Maria Kober Maximilian Koschay Stefanie Perl Angelika Richter Rüdiger Köhling Alexander Storch Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Germany Institute of Pharmacology Pharmacy and Toxicology University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany Institute of Physiology University of Rostock Rostock Rostock Germany Germany Department of Neurology University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an essential therapeutic resource for treating movement disorders like dystonia. In order to gain further insight into the underlying disease mechanisms, animal models are used. However, the most critical obstacle for further research is the lack of subcutaneous implantable, miniaturized neurostimulators that can deliver reliable and replicable results. Extracorporeal mounting of neurostimulators on the head or back places a high burden on the animal. Furthermore, the animals frequently tamper with these stimulation setups, leading to high failure rates. In the absence of suitable diagnostic tests, such defects generally escape detection. Therefore, this article presents strategies for a DBS stimulator design intending to increase the scientific merit of behavioral experiments in rodents. In this context, we demonstrate an easy-to-implement, waterproof, biocompatible, and compact encapsulation method suited for full implantation in small rodents. Using this method, we implanted DBS devices subcutaneously in dystonic hamsters that have been successfully tested for up to 17 days.

关键词： Encapsulation Instruments Satellite broadcasting Deep brain stimulation Wires Rodents Epoxy resins

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Decentral load control for data centers 13

Decentral load control for data centers

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2020 IEEE Congress on Cybermatics: 13th IEEE International Conferences on Internet of Things, iThings 2020, 16th IEEE International Conference on Green Computing and Communications, GreenCom 2020, 13th IEEE International Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing, CPSCom 2020 and 6th IEEE International Conference on Smart Data, SmartData 2020

作者： Uster, Felix Plocksties, Franz Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176475

The regulation and stabilization of the power grid requires various system services that have been provided so far primarily by conventional power plants. With the future shutdown of coal-fired and nuclear power plants, investigations into the provision of these services will become all the more important in order to ensure the safe operation of the grid. Currently, photovoltaic and wind can only provide limited so-called control power, so that new methods such as the regulation of large consumers will become interesting. Adapting the electricity requirements of consumers to the current grid situation has a comparable effect to the provision of additional balancing power on the generation side. Some consumers like data centers can provide primary control power at high speed. In this paper we present how data centers can autonomously support grid stabilization with minimal impact on the daily operation. Additional benefits include an higher efficiency and the ability to take advantage of any future financial bonuses by regulation authorities or electricity suppliers. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Power control

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Modeling Energy Consumption for Task-Offloading Decisions on Mobile and Embedded Devices 2

Modeling Energy Consumption for Task-Offloading Decisions on...

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2nd IEEE Global Conference on Life Sciences and Technologies, LifeTech 2020

作者： Niemann, Christoph Ewert, Christian Puttnies, Henning Rethfeldt, Michael Timmermann, Dirk Danielis, Peter University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany University of Rostock Department of Computer Science Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728170633

Connected mobile and embedded devices including tablets, smartphones, and smartwatches but also IoT sensors and actuators as well as medical implants are subject to a rapid development in terms of their numbers and computing power. However, these devices have energy limitations, e.g., due to limited energy supplies. In order for networked devices to be able to manage their energy, they can offload tasks to other devices. However, they need to estimate the energy demand to execute the tasks in order to take offloading decisions. This paper proposes energy models for estimating the energy consumption for task processing derived from practical measurements for exemplary tasks. The task-processing energy consumption models are implemented in the OMNeT++ simulator to allow simulative, accurate task-offloading investigations. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Energy utilization

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