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Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： Yuhang Qiu Wenming Li Tianyu Liu Zhen Wang Zhiyuan Zhang Zhihua Fan Xiaochun Ye Dongrui Fan Zhimin Tang State Key Lab of Processors Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology UCAS Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9783982674100

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534646

As one of the standardized encryption algorithms, authenticated block ciphers based on Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) is a widely-used method to guarantee the accuracy and reliability in data transmission. The profiling work demonstrates that across the execution process of GCM mode, the authentication operation is the main performance bottleneck because it introduces operations in high-dimensional Galois field (GF), which could not be efficiently executed via existing ISA. To overcome this problem, we propose a custom ISA extension and cooperate it with RISC-V cryptography extension to accelerate the whole process of authenticated block ciphers. Besides, we design a specific crypto core including a fully-pipelined GF(2 128 ) multiplier to support the extended instructions and integrate it into the multi-issue out-of-order core XT910 without introducing any clock frequency overhead. The proposed design significantly reduces the the number of instructions required in the main operations of authenticated block ciphers. We compare the performance of our designs to other existing acceleration scheme based on RISC-V ISA extension. Experimental result shows that our design outperforms other related work and achieves up to 17 × speedup with a lightweight hardware overhead.

关键词： Out of order Ciphers Europe Authentication Hardware Encryption Reliability Data communication Galois fields Clocks

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Corvus: Efficient HW/SW Co-Verification Framework for RISC-V Instruction Extensions with FPGA Acceleration 25

Corvus: Efficient HW/SW Co-Verification Framework for RISC-V...

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30th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, ASP-DAC 2025

作者： Jiang, Zijian Zheng, Keran Boland, David Bao, Yungang Shi, Kan State Key Lab of Processors Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Imperial College London London United Kingdom Univ. of Sydney Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706356

The RISC-V instruction set architecture (ISA) offers flexibility for domain-specific custom instruction extensions. While the basic RISC-V ISA contains common instructions, the extended accelerators provide additional computing power to meet diverse needs. High-level synthesis (HLS) is often used to agilely create custom extension accelerators, allowing engineers to design complex digital circuits using high-level languages such as C/C++, further improving development efficiency. However, verifying a design that includes RISC-V cores and custom extensions is rarely studied and can be challenging. Traditional approaches for verifying HLS-generated designs use C-RTL co-simulation, primarily focusing on the unit level. This method can be extremely time-consuming and often makes impractical assumptions about interactions between HLS-generated circuits and the processor. Therefore, system-level verification is essential to extensively exercise the RISC-V cores, the custom extensions, and their *** efficiently verify a RISC-V processor design with custom instruction extensions, we propose Corvus: a novel co-verification framework that combines the benefits of the high-level abstraction of C/C++ simulation and cycle-accurate modeling of C-RTL co-simulations. Corvus provides hardware wrapper templates that efficiently connect HLS-generated accelerators and the RISC-V core, and a tool flow that automatically translates HLS unit-level tests into system-level stimulus. Corvus maps the core and the accelerators, along with their corresponding C/C++ software models, onto the same FPGA with hardened processors, allowing them to run simultaneously whilst checking both results on the fly with dedicated hardware monitors and checkers. If a mismatch is detected, we capture a snapshot of the accelerator hardware and reconstruct the simulation in external software simulators for detailed debugging. When potential issues are fixed, the accelerator region can be partially

关键词： Program debugging

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Fine-Tuning the Resonant Frequency in Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvesting System 5th

Fine-Tuning the Resonant Frequency in Electromagnetic Vibrat...

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5th International Conference on Vibration and Energy Harvesting Applications, VEH 2024

作者： Ma, Haosheng Peng, Han Xiao, Hongfei Sun, Hanyi Zhao, Yidong Lei, Junhao State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819611904

The electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting system is designed to extract energy from the vibrations, with its resonant frequency specifically tuned to match the primary vibration frequency of the energy source. However, the vibration frequency often deviates from resonant frequency under different operation/weather and installation circumstances. Such deviation can lead to a significant decrease in the collected output power. For example, a 1 Hz deviation in the vibration frequency results in a 51.3% decrease in induced voltage and a 76.3% decrease in output power. state-of-the-art wideband EVEH devices have either low output power or relatively large volume. Adopting a wideband EVEH is not a good choice. To address this issue, this paper proposes a new approach for fine-tuning the resonant frequency of EVEH by changing the structure of the spring. The details of the method is to add or remove bridge arms changing the rotation angle of the cantilever beams. The advantage of this method lies in the convenience of finely tuning the device's frequency while obtaining a larger output power. The results demonstrate that for the EVEH device designed at a resonant frequency of 60 Hz, the primary resonant frequency can vary from 58.5 to 59.5 Hz by nylon bridge arms. At resonant frequencies of 59 Hz and 0.5 g acceleration, the output voltage is increased by 77.1%. Output power reaches 15 mW, representing a 213.8% improvement. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Energy harvesting

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Study on Adsorption and Antirinsing Performances of Alcohol Ether Sulfate/Dodecyl Trimethylammonium Chloride Mixtures on Silica

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Langmuir 2025年第19期41卷 11987-11997页

作者： Li, Mei He, Xiujuan Pu, Xue Gang, Hongze Chen, Xiaolu Su, Zhiqing Mu, Bozhong Li, Yingcheng State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei long Road Shanghai200237 China Sinopec Key Lab of Surfactants for EOR Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute Petrochemical Technology Co. Ltd. 1658 Pudong Beilu Shanghai201208 China Engineering Research Center of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China

This study investigated the adsorption and antirinsing performances of sodium alcohol ether sulfate (AEnS), dodecyl trimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), and mixtures of AEnS/DTAC with an equal molar ratio on silica. The adsorption process for individual surfactants was characterized by an initial slow stage, followed by a sharp increase with longer threshold times. In contrast, AEnS/DTAC exhibited a shorter threshold time. Molecular simulation results indicate that the AEnS/DTAC formed a structure wherein positively charged DTAC was close to the silica surface, while negatively charged AEnS resided close to the cation layer of DTAC. This assembly effectively reduced the electrostatic repulsion between AEnS and silica, as well as among DTAC molecules, thereby achieving the highest adsorption rate and adsorption amount. For antirinsing performances, AEnS was quickly washed off, whereas DTAC shows the lowest desorption rate due to their substantial electrostatic attraction toward silica. Notably, the AEnS/DTAC exhibits enhanced antirinsing, confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) results. This research enhances our understanding of surfactant-silica interactions and offers valuable insights for practical applications in oil displacement, mineral flotation, and surface coatings. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Cationic surfactants

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Spk2ImgMamba: Spiking Camera Image Reconstruction with Multi-Scale state Space Models

Spk2ImgMamba: Spiking Camera Image Reconstruction with Multi...

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2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, WACV 2025

作者： Yin, Jiaoyang Fan, Bin Xu, Chao Huang, Tiejun Shi, Boxin School of Computer Science Peking University State Key Lab of Multimedia Info. Processing China School of Computer Science Peking University Nat'l Eng. Research Ctr. of Visual Technology China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking University Nat'l Key Lab of General Ai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510831

As a bio-inspired vision sensor, the spiking camera has showcased remarkable capability in high-speed imaging with a sampling rate of 40,000 Hz. Reconstructing clear images from continuous spike streams, which is obtained by each photosensor continuously detecting photons and firing them asynchronously, has garnered significant attention. Despite promising results, existing spike-to-image reconstruction methods face challenges in balancing global receptive fields and efficient computation due to the inherent limitations of their backbones. Recently, due to powerful long-range modeling and linear complexity, the state space model (SSM) has emerged as a competitive alternative to CNNs and Transformers. In this paper, we propose a lightweight spike-to-image reconstruction network that harnesses Mamba as the backbone. Our approach sequentially executes three core modules: temporal information integration, spatial feature enhancement, and progressive image reconstruction. The former accumulates cues across diverse temporal windows to explore both long-term and short-term contexts. Subsequently, to model global dependencies while heightening local detail perception, we develop a multi-scale SSM block characterized by multi-scale multi-direction scanning, which effectively boosts spatial feature representations. Finally, intensity images are decoded progressively from the enhanced light-intensity features. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-captured data demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance, with only 10% of the network parameters and nearly two orders of magnitude less computational effort. The code will be available at https://***/interstellarH/Spk2ImgMamba. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Bioimaging

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Efects of Defect,Mean Stress and Lower Loading on High Cycle and Very High Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Ti‑6Al‑4V Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2025年第3期38卷 435-448页

作者： Yiyun Guo Lei Wu Yibo Shang Chengqi Sun State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Guobiao(Beijing)Testing&Certifcation Co. Ltd.Beijing 101400China Fundamentals Department Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an 710051China National Key Lab of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an 710038China

In this study,the efects of defect,mean stress and lower loading are investigated for high cycle(HCF)and very high cycle fatigue(VHCF)behavior of Ti-6Al-4V *** indicates that the S-N curve of Ti-6Al-4V alloy exhibits a linear decreasing trend or a plateau characteristic in HCF and VHCF regimes,which depends on the defect size and stress *** strength decreases with increasing the defect size,and it is irrespective of stress *** fatigue crack initiates from specimen surface at R=−1 in both HCF and VHCF *** the fatigue crack initiates from the subsurface or the interior of the specimen at R=0.1 in VHCF regime.A sequence of lower stress amplitude below the fatigue strength at 10^(9) cyc has no or negligible infuence on the fatigue life of 10^(5)-10^(9) *** lower stress amplitude in variable amplitude loadings does not afect the failure *** residual compressive stress relaxation is not observed after a large number of lower loadings under ultrasonic frequency fatigue *** formula and Goodman formula give dangerous predictions of VHCF strength for both smooth specimens and specimens with defects.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy Very high cycle fatigue Defect Stress ratio Lower stress amplitude

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Integrating Electric Ambipolar Effect for High-Performance Zinc Bromide Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第6期17卷 382-396页

作者： Wenda Li Hengyue Xu Shanzhe Ke Hongyi Zhang Hao Chen Gaijuan Guo Xuanyi Xiong Shiyao Zhang Jianwei Fu Chengbin Jing Jiangong Cheng Shaohua Liu State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument(Ministry of Education)School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityHaidian DistrictBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xinjiang University666 Shengli RoadUrumqi City 830046People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University75 Daxue RoadZhengzhou 450052People’s Republic of China State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China

The coupling of fast redox kinetics,high-energy density,and prolonged lifespan is a permanent aspiration for aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries,but which has been severely hampered by a narrow voltage range and suboptimal compatibility between the electrolytes and ***,we unprecedentedly introduced an electric ambipolar effect for synergistic manipulation on Zn^(2+)ternary-hydrated eutectic electrolyte(ZTE)enabling high-performance Zn-Br_(2)*** electric ambipolar effect motivates strong dipole interactions among hydrated perchlorates and bipolar ligands of L-carnitine(L-CN)and sulfamide,which reorganized primary cations solvation sheath in a manner of forming Zn[(L-CN)(SA)(H_(2)O)_(4)]^(2+)configuration and dynamically restricting desolvated H2O molecules,thus ensuring a broadened electrochemical window of 2.9 V coupled with high ionic ***,L-CN affords an electrostatic shielding effect and an in situ construction of organic-inorganic interphase,endowing oriented Zn anode plating/stripping reversibly for over 2400 ***,with the synergy of electro/nucleophilicity and exceptional compatibility,the ZTE electrolyte dynamically boosts the conversion redox of Zn-Br_(2)batteries in terms of high specific capacity and stable cycling *** findings open a window for designing electrolytes with synergetic chemical stability and compatibility toward advanced zinc-ion batteries.

关键词： Electric ambipolar effect Hydrated eutectic electrolyte Electrostatic shielding Zinc bromide batteries

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Atomistic simulations of twin facets associated with three-dimensional{1011}twins in magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第2期13卷 626-639页

作者： Qiyu Zeng Mingyu Gong Houyu Ma Yao Shen Jian-feng Nie Jian Wang Yue Liu State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Center for High-resolution Electron Microscopy(CHEM) School of Physical Science and TechnologyShanghai Tech UniversityShanghai 201210China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityVictoria 3800Australia Department of Mechanical&Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA

Twinning is a deformation mechanism that creates three-dimensional(3D)twin domains through the migration of twin *** occurs via the nucleation and glide of twinning disconnections(TDs),which can pile up to create twin facets.A comprehensive under-standing of twin facets associated with 3D twins,including their atomic structures and energies,is crucial for understanding deformation *** this study,we propose a molecular statics/dynamics(MS/MD)approach to determine characteristic twin facets enclosing 3D non-equilibrium/equilibrium{1011}twin domains,which has been much less studied than the counterpart{1012}twin *** stability of different TD pile-up arrangement with varying line senses informs the morphology of 3D non-equilibrium twins,which are bounded by{1010}_(T)||{1013}_(M),{1011}_(T)||{0002}_(M)and{1013}_(T)||{1013}_(M)coherent facets associated with pile-up of edge TDs,and discrete non-edge TDs aligned along CTBs with their line senses parallel to<4513>,<1101>,<5416><2113>or<1012>*** of semi-coherent facets of equilibrium twins is accompanied by rearrangement of TDs around misfit dislocations.3D equilibrium{1011}twins may comprise{1011}_(T)||{0002}_(M),{1457}_(T)||{3419}_(M),{1657}_(T)||{5617}_(M),{1433}_(T)||{3413}_(M),{0110}_(T)||{0111}_(M)and{0221}_(T)||{0221}_(M)semi-coherent facets in<1210>,<4513>,<1101>,<5416>,<2113>and<1012>axes,respectively.

关键词： Twinning Twin boundary Twinning disconnection Molecular dynamics

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Efficient and Stable Photoassisted Lithium‑Ion Battery Enabled by Photocathode with Synergistically Boosted Carriers Dynamics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 440-454页

作者： Zelin Ma Shiyao Wang Zhuangzhuang Ma Juan Li Luomeng Zhao Zhihuan Li Shiyuan Wang Yazhou Shuang Jiulong Wang Fang Wang Weiwei Xia Jie Jian Yibo He Junjie Wang Pengfei Guo Hongqiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an 710072People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518063People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Ministry of EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119People’s Republic of China

Efficient and stable photocathodes with versatility are of significance in photoassisted lithium-ion batteries(PLIBs),while there is always a request on fast carrier transport in electrochemical active *** work proposes a general approach of creating bulk heterojunction to boost the carrier mobility of photocathodes by simply laser assisted embedding of plasmonic *** employed in PLIBs,it was found effective for synchronously enhanced photocharge separation and transport in light charging ***,experimental photon spectroscopy,finite difference time domain method simulation and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the improved carrier dynamics are driven by the plasmonic-induced hot electron injection from metal to TiO_(2),as well as the enhanced conductivity in TiO2 matrix due to the formation of oxygen vacancies after Schottky *** from these merits,several benchmark values in performance of TiO2-based photocathode applied in PLIBs are set,including the capacity of 276 mAh g^(−1) at 0.2 A g^(−1) under illumination,photoconversion efficiency of 1.276%at 3 A g^(−1),less capacity and Columbic efficiency loss even through 200 *** results exemplify the potential of the bulk heterojunction strategy in developing highly efficient and stable photoassisted energy storage systems.

关键词： Photoassisted lithium-ion batteries Bulk heterojunction Carrier dynamics TiO2 nanofiber Plasmonic metal nanocrystals

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Manganese-based oxides cathodes for potassium-ion batteries: a review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年 108卷 1-18页

作者： Yue, Qinggang Xia, Maoting Zhou, Jiang Cheng, Juanjuan Lu, Bingan School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Hunan Changsha410082 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan University Hunan Changsha410082 China School of Materials Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Central South University Hunan Changsha410083 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Xiangtan411201 China

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) were recognized for their natural abundance, high theoretical output voltage, and the availability of commercialized graphite anodes. However, the development of high-performance manganese-based layered oxide cathodes—a leading candidate for PIB systems—has been fundamentally constrained by irreversible phase transitions (PT) during the cycling process, manifesting as severe structural degradation and capacity fading. This review presents a transformative paradigm integrating machine learning (ML) with multiscale characterization to analyse the complex phase transition mechanisms in Mn-based cathodes. Through systematic ML-driven interrogation of structure–property relationships, we establish quantitative descriptors for phase stability and develop predictive models for transition dynamics. Furthermore, we highlight recent breakthroughs in cross-disciplinary approaches, enabling the rational design of PT-mitigated cathode architectures. By consolidating these insights into a unified knowledge framework, this work provides strategic guidelines for developing structurally robust Mn-based cathodes and outlines future research directions for next-generation PIB systems. © 2025 science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences.

关键词： Setting

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