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Probabilistic Prequalification Scheme of a Distribution System Operator for Supporting Market Participation of Multiple Distributed Energy Resource Aggregators

IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation 2024年第4期2卷 465-475页

作者： Jeong, Chang Min Moon, Hee Seung Kim, Seung Wan Seoul National University Electric Power Network Economics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Energy Technology Area BerkeleyCA94720 United States Chungnam National University Smart Energy Network Design Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of

This paper addresses the need for distribution system operators to effectively manage uncertainties related to distributed energy resources. We propose a probabilistic approach using Polynomial Chaos Expansion, allowing the operator to balance economic efficiency with system reliability by setting a pre-determined acceptable violation probability. This approach provides efficient computation and high accuracy in the representation of uncertainties. Moreover, we introduce a framework for integrating the capability of distributed energy resources aggregators to manage uncertainties through the uncertainty band commodity. This allows these aggregators to bid for both energy and a specified uncertainty range, thereby contributing to their active role in the management of system uncertainties. Our methodology fairly distributes responsibility for constraint violations among various stakeholders by employing two allocation strategies: one based on Shapley Value and another based on sensitivity factors. The proposed system significantly improves the overall decision-making process by considering both economic and reliability factors within the prequalification process of distribution system operator. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Decision making

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Free-electron crystals for enhanced X-ray radiation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1299-1309页

作者： Lee Wei Wesley Wong Xihang Shi Aviv Karnieli Jeremy Lim Suraj Kumar Sergio Carbajo Ido Kaminer Liang Jie Wong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Solid State Institute and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel. School of Electrical Engineering Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA. Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department UCLA420 WestwoodLos AngelesCA 90095USA. Physics and Astronomy Department UCLA475 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

Bremsstrahlung—the spontaneous emission of broadband radiation from free electrons that are deflected by atomic nuclei—contributes to the majority of X-rays emitted from X-ray tubes and used in applications ranging from medical imaging to semiconductor chip ***,we show that the bremsstrahlung intensity can be enhanced significantly—by more than three orders of magnitude—through shaping the electron wavefunction to periodically overlap with atoms in crystalline ***,we show how to shape the bremsstrahlung X-ray emission pattern into arbitrary angular emission profiles for purposes such as unidirectionality and ***,we find that these enhancements and shaped emission profiles cannot be attributed solely to the spatial overlap between the electron probability distribution and the atomic centers,as predicted by the paraxial and nonrecoil theory for free electron light *** work highlights an unprecedented regime of free electron light emission where electron waveshaping provides multi-dimensional control over practical radiation processes like *** results pave the way towards greater versatility in table-top X-ray sources and improved fundamental understanding of quantum electron-light interactions.

关键词： overlap attributed arbitrary

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Unsupervised Interpolation Recovery Method for Spectrum Anomaly Detection and Localization

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Space(Science & Technology) 2023年第1期3卷 560-571页

作者： Yishi Huang Shuai Yuan Naijin Liu Qing Li Wenyu Liang Lei Liu Shaanxi Aerospace Flight Vehicle Design Key Laboratory School of AstronauticsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology China Academy of Space TechnologyBeijingChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

With the growing efficiency of the use of unlicensed spectrum,the challenge of ensuring spectrum security has become increasingly *** managers aim to accurately and efficiently detect and recognize anomaly behaviors in the *** this study,we propose a novel framework for spectrum anomaly detection and localization by spectrum interpolation *** interpolation recovery refers to the recovery of the rest of the spectrum distribution based on a part of the spectrum distribution,which is achieved through a masked autoencoder(MAE)model with a core of multi-head self-attention(MHSA)*** spectrum interpolation recovery method restores the region where the masked abnormal signals are present,yielding anomaly-free results,with the difference between the restored and the masked representing the anomaly *** proposed method has been demonstrated to effectively reduce model-induced over-recovery of anomalous signals and dilute large-scale generation errors caused by anomalies,thereby improving the detection and localization performance of anomaly signals,and improving the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)and the area under the precision-recall curve(AUPRC)by 0.0382(3.68%)and 0.1992(68.90%),*** a designed dataset containing 3 variables of interference-to-signal ratio(ISR),signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),and anomaly type,the total recall of anomaly detection and localization at a 5%false alarm rate reached 0.8799 and 0.5536,***,a comparative study among different methods demonstrates the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method.

关键词： interpolation spectrum thereby

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RGB-Based Category-Level Object Pose Estimation via Depth Recovery and Adaptive Refinement

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IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 5377-5384页

作者： Yang, Hui Sun, Wei Liu, Jian Zheng, Jin Zeng, Zhiwen Mian, Ajmal Hunan University National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology College of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha410082 China Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Changsha410082 China Central South University School of Architecture and Art Changsha410082 China University of Western Australia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering CrawleyWA6009 Australia

Category-level pose estimation methods have received widespread attention as they can be generalized to intra-class unseen objects. Although RGB-D-based category-level methods have made significant progress, reliance on depth image limits practical application. RGB-based methods offer a more practical and cost-effective solution. However, current RGB-based methods struggle with object geometry perception, leading to inaccurate pose estimation. We propose depth recovery and adaptive refinement for category-level object pose estimation from a single RGB image. We leverage DINOv2 to reconstruct the coarse scene-level depth from the input RGB image and propose an adaptive refinement network based on an encoder-decoder architecture to dynamically improve the predicted coarse depth and reduce its gap from the ground truth. We introduce a 2D–3D consistency loss to ensure correspondence between the point cloud obtained from depth projection and the objects in the 2D image. This consistency supervision enables the model to maintain alignment between the depth image and the point cloud. Finally, we extract features from the refined point cloud and feed them into two confidence-aware rotation regression branches and a translation and size prediction residual branch for end-to-end training. Decoupling the rotation matrix provides a more direct representation, which facilitates parameter optimization and gradient propagation. Extensive experiments on the REAL275 and CAMERA25 datasets demonstrate the superior performance of our method. Real-world estimation and robotic grasping experiments demonstrate our model robustness to occlusion, clutter environments, and low-textured objects. Our code and robotic grasping video are available at DA-Pose. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Depth perception

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ACDV: Adaptive Content Delivery for Vehicular Digital Twin Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 7084-7098页

作者： Zheng, Jinkai Luan, Tom H. Li, Guanjie Yin, Zhisheng Wu, Yuan Dong, Mianxiong Dongguan University of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization Dongguan523808 China Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Xi'an710049 China Xidian University School of Cyber Engineering Xi'an710071 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar 487372 Singapore Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Isn Xi'an710071 China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City 999078 China University of Macau Department of Computer Information Science 999078 China Muroran Institute of Technology Department of Sciences and Informatics Muroran05-08585 Japan

Digital Twins (DTs), serving personalized cloud-based digital assistants, hold great promise for supporting infotainment applications of the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs), in which personalized content such as high-definition maps, system updates, and social video streaming can be delivered from individualized DTs to vehicular users (VUEs) to enhance the intelligence of IoV services and improve their driving experience. This paper proposes a novel content caching framework tailored to DT-enabled IoVs, where DTs selectively cache on-demand contents on edge devices (i.e., cellular base stations and roadside units) managed by the edge service manager (ESM) along the VUE's trip to avoid backbone congestion yet save download time. However, ESMs are inherently selfish and reluctant to contribute resources to cache contents without benefits. Furthermore, considering the diverse trajectories of vehicles, it is inefficient to cache data along a single path. To address these challenges, we propose ACDV, which first models the interactions between the ESMs and DTs as a Stackelberg game to incentivize ESMs to actively participate in the content caching process. We then deploy a Markov model to predict the VUE distribution, which enables DTs to cache contents with a focus on predicted trajectories. To save storage costs, we derive an upper bound of content sizes that the VUE can download within a limited network connection time. Considering the lack of network information and users' private utility model in practical scenarios, we further develop a learning-based algorithm to find the optimal pricing scheme and content size strategies of ESMs and DTs. Through extensive simulations, we show that our proposal can effectively find the optimal strategy and achieve a fast convergence speed and high-level performance compared to the baselines. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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Tuning the number of chiral edge channels in a fixed quantum anomalous Hall system

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Physical Review B 2024年第20期109卷 L201402-L201402页

作者： Peng Deng Yulei Han Peng Zhang Su Kong Chong Zhenhua Qiao Kang L. Wang Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles California 90095 USA Department of Physics Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics and Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China Anhui 230026 China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China

Quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulators exhibit chiral edge channels characterized by vanishing longitudinal conductance and quantized Hall conductance of Ce2/h, wherein the Chern number C is an integer equal to the number of the parallel chiral edge channels. These chiral edge channels conduct dissipationless transport in QAH insulators, making them pivotal for applications in low-consumption electronics and topological quantum computing. While the QAH effect with multiple chiral edge channels (i.e., C > 1) has been demonstrated in multilayers consisting of magnetic topological insulators and normal insulators, the channel number remains fixed for a given sample. Here, we unveil the tunability of the number of chiral edge channels within a single QAH insulator device. By tuning the magnetization of individual layers within the multilayer system, Chern insulating states with different Chern numbers are unveiled. The tunable Chern number was corroborated by our theoretical calculations. Furthermore, we conducted layer-dependent calculations to elucidate the contribution of the Chern number from different layers in the multilayer. Our findings demonstrate an extra degree of freedom in manipulating the chiral edge channels in QAH insulators. This tunability offers an extra dimension for the implementation of the QAH-based multichannel dissipationless transport.

关键词： Quantum anomalous Hall effect Quantum transport Topological insulators Molecular beam epitaxy

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Combined Split Manufacturing and Logic Obfuscation Based on Emerging Technologies at High Level for Secure 3D IC design

Combined Split Manufacturing and Logic Obfuscation Based on ...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： Haimanti Chakraborty Ranga Vemuri Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Digital Design Environments Laboratory University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350387179

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387186

Split Manufacturing (SM) and Logic Obfuscation (LO) are potent design-for-trust solutions to mitigate hardware security threats when fabricating Integrated Circuits (ICs) at untrusted foundries. However, many such defense methods are subject to attacks such as Network Flow Attack and Boolean Satisfiability Attack, that have attempted to reconstruct the missing BEOL (Back End Of Line) signals and decrypt the design. Hence, it is crucial to select BEOL signals carefully. Although several defense strategies have been proposed to protect the design against the attacks, many have been implemented at lower abstraction levels that incur expensive re-synthesis cycles. In this paper, we combine SM and LO for enhanced security of 3D ICs by proposing a BEOL signal selection method at high level based on assigning edge-weights to prioritize Data Flow Graph edges, that also identify locations for Polymorphic Switch Boxes (PSBs) for LO. A PSB has more key-bit combinations compared to a CMOS SB for an attacker to correctly unlock it. Our method decreases attack correctness with increase in the percentage of edges lifted and has minimal impact on design performance in terms of area and wirelength.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Circuits and systems Hardware security Switches Foundries Manufacturing Logic

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RTL Interconnect Obfuscation By Polymorphic Switch Boxes For Secure Hardware Generation

RTL Interconnect Obfuscation By Polymorphic Switch Boxes For...

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IEEE International Symposium on Quality Electronic design

作者： Haimanti Chakraborty Ranga Vemuri Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Digital Design Environments Laboratory University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350309270

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309287

Logic Obfuscation is a well renowned design-for-trust solution to protect an Integrated Circuit (IC) from unauthorized use and illegal overproduction by including key-gates to lock the design. This is particularly necessary for ICs manufactured at untrusted third-party foundries getting exposed to security threats. In the past, several logic obfuscation methodologies have been proposed that are vulnerable to attacks such as the Boolean Satisfiability Attack. Many of these techniques are implemented at the gate level that may involve expensive re-synthesis cycles. In this paper, we present an interconnect obfuscation scheme at the Register-Transfer Level (RTL) using Switch Boxes (SBs) constructed of Polymorphic Transistors. A polymorphic SB can be designed using the same transistor count as its Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor based counterpart, thereby no increased area in comparison, but serving as an advantage in having more key-bit combinations for an attacker to correctly identify and unlock each polymorphic SB. Security-aware high-level synthesis algorithms have also been presented to increase RTL interconnects to Functional Units impacting multiple outputs such that when a polymorphic SB is strategically inserted, those outputs would be corrupted upon incorrect keybit identification. Finally, we run the SMT (Satisfiability Modulo Theories)-based RTL Logic Attack on the obfuscated design to examine its robustness.

关键词： Job shop scheduling Integrated circuit interconnections Switches Logic gates Robustness Hardware Transistors

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ROBUST: RTL OBfuscation USing Bi-functional Polymorphic OperaTors

ROBUST: RTL OBfuscation USing Bi-functional Polymorphic Oper...

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International Conference on VLSI design

作者： Haimanti Chakraborty Ranga Vemuri Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Digital Design Environments Laboratory University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA

Manufacturing Integrated Circuits (ICs) at untrusted third-party foundries has introduced security vulnerabilities. Logic Obfuscation is a well known design-for-trust solution that can prevent unauthorized use and overproduction of ICs by means of adding extra key-gates to lock the design. Several logic locking techniques proposed in the past have incurred performance overheads and are vulnerable to attacks such as the Boolean Satisfiability Attack. Many of these logic obfuscation methodologies have been implemented at the gate level that may involve expensive re-synthesis cycles. In this paper, we propose a logic obfuscation scheme at the Register-Transfer Level (RTL) by using bi-functional polymorphic logic gates to construct the Functional Units (FUs) of operation, and the proposed technique does not increase the area overhead significantly. A bi-functional FU is capable of saving resources by computing more than one ALU (Arithmetic-Logic Unit) operation by itself and also helps increase confusion for an attacker to identify which interconnections would belong to which operator of the bi-functional FU. Security-aware high-level synthesis algorithms have also been presented to allocate Data Flow Graph nodes to the polymorphic FUs. Additionally, we include a multiplier block in a polymorphic FU for increased robustness against the SMT (Satisfiability Modulo Theories)-based RTL Logic Attack.

关键词：

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Single-input single-output multi-touch soft sensor systems using band-pass filters

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 681-690页

作者： Junhyung Kim Suhan Kim Yong-Lae Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Advanced Machines and DesignInstitute of Engineering ResearchSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of ElectronicsMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA

In many soft sensor systems,external wires for connecting the sensors to control circuits have posed practical problems,in terms of compact form factors and physical *** study proposes a design of soft sensor arrays that can operate with a drastically reduced number of wires without degrading the original *** proposed concept is an array of soft sensing modules,each of which consists of an inductor and a capacitor embedded next to the resistive sensing module,constructing a resistorinductor-capacitor band-pass *** adjusting the values of the capacitance and the inductance,unique frequency band is assigned to each sensing module,enabling the distinctive detection using only two external wires regardless of the number of *** multi-touch sensing functionality of the system is analytically modeled and experimentally *** advantage of the design,a fingertip tactile sensor and an insole foot pressure sensor are demonstrated as practical applications.

关键词： connecting constructing touch

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