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Gradient nanostructured tungsten and the thermal shock response

Tungsten 2023年第4期5卷 548-557页

作者： Yan Jiang Ping Huang Zhi-Qiang Jiang Jing Hou Zhong Xu En-Hui Wu Jun Li Vanadium and Titanium Resource Comprehensive Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Panzhihua UniversityPanzhihua617000China

In fusion reactor or spallation neutron source environment,damage of tungsten components begins at the *** enhance the surface toughness,strength,and hardness of tungsten,a nano-to-micro sc ale lamellar gradient surface layer(thickness up to~50μm)was produced on as-rolled pure tungsten using a dry-sliding surface *** dry-sliding temperature and time were established by observing the grain-size evolution from room temperature to 750℃and the coefficient of friction on the surface layer after sliding from 10 to 50 *** grains changed into a slender fibrous structure at 250℃,which is higher than the ductile-brittle transition temperature but lower than the dynamic recrystallization temperature(750℃).The coefficient of friction of the surface layer decreased with sliding time and stabilized at approximately 50 min,indicating near-s aturation of the surface *** repetitive thermal loads of 10,20,and 30 MW·m^(-2)on the gradient modified layer,it exhibited mainly recrystallization and grain *** proportion of low-angle grain boundaries(<10°)reached50.6,42.2,and 17.3%,respectively,and the hardness decreased to 602,582,and 488HV.A heat load of 30 MW·m^(-2)was the threshold for the fast grain *** with unmodified tungsten,the recrystallization and grain growth are relatively ***,the gradient layer could suppress the formation of pits and protrusions in the as-rolled tungsten sample.

关键词： Gradient layer Tungsten Dry sliding Coefficient of friction

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Synergistic regulation of oxygen and nitrogen in V-Al master alloy for aerospace Ti alloys

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Vacuum 2025年 239卷

作者： Yonggang Wang Xuanwu Zhang Jiating Man Qiyang Chen Jianying Yang Kui Wang Wei Ni Pangang Group Vanadium and Titanium Resources Co. Ltd. Panzhihua 617000 China Panzhihua Univerisity Panzhihua 617000 China State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization ANSTEEL Research Institute of Vanadium & Titanium (Iron & Steel) Chengdu 610031 China

vanadium and its alloys, including the widely known vanadium-aluminum (V-Al) alloy, are among the most promising materials for high-performance structural and functional applications. The structure and performance of V-Al alloys are significantly influenced by impurity elements. This study systematically analyzed the occurrence forms of oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) impurities in V-Al alloys and investigated their sources. A synergistic regulation approach (“aluminothermy + electric heating + vacuum refining”) was implemented in industrial-scale production to control the impurity levels of O and N in the alloy, leading to the development of optimized methods for impurity control. The results reveal that the oxygen in V-Al alloys predominantly exists in the form of Al 2 O 3 , while nitrogen is primarily found as VN. Via tuning the CaO content in the slag and further vacuum refining as well as controlling the microscopic inclusion phases, the O and N content in the alloy can be effectively regulated. These findings provide valuable insights for the industrial production and optimization of V-Al alloys, particularly for high-end applications in the aerospace and biomedical sectors.

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High temperature performance of a dual self-diffusion coating on TA9 alloy

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Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2025年 36卷 7172-7186页

作者： Jiaping Han Yan Liu Dongdong Zhang Hao Zhang Haibo Wang Chuanhai Xiao Jing Zhang Chuan Yang Lei Wang Xiaopeng Lu Hui Chen Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Higher Education Institutions for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Industrial Solid Waste in Civil Engineering China Institute of Vanadium and Titanium Panzhihua University PanZhiHua 617000 China Steel City Group Co. LTD PanZhiHua 617000 China CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co. Ltd Changchun Jilin 130062 China Corrosion and Protection Center Northeastern University 3–11 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110819 China

A ceramic plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating was prepared on an Al-sprayed TA9 surface to reinforce its high-temperature properties, including antioxygenic, wear-resisting and mechanical properties. The obtained results indicated that the middle Al layer had a bilateral diffusion ability, which sealed the micro pores of the PEO layer and formed an Al 3 Ti layer at the interface of the Al and Ti layers. The duplex coating efficiently improved the oxidation resistance and the oxidation rate was 5 times lower than that of TA9 matrix at 700 °C. The ceramic PEO coating protected the Ti matrix from abrasion. The tensile strength of TA9 alloy after composite coating increased from 90 to 340 MPa after 5 days of oxidation and an elongation of 46 % was maintained, which was attributed to the self-diffusion behavior of mediate Al layer. Post-heat treatment process remarkably improved the oxidation resistance and mechanical property but had limit enhancement in wear resistance. A two-layer self-assembly coating is suggested for surface modification of high temperature Ti alloys.

关键词： Ti alloy Protective coating Self-diffusion Oxidation resistance Mechanical property Wear resistance

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Causes of surface stripe cracks of Ti–4Al–2V alloy cold-rolled sheet

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Rare Metals 2014年第5期33卷 522-526页

作者： De-Ming Huang Xiong-Fei Yang Qing-Feng Wei Yong Chen Hua Guo Sheng-Long Liang Ying Wang Pangang Group Research Institute Co. Ltd. State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization

The stripe cracks which formed along rolling direction on the surface of Ti–4Al–2V alloy cold-rolled sheet were observed by stereoscope, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, and energy-dispersive spectrometer（EDS）. Morphology analysis indicates that cracks are dominantly in zigzag shape, with 10–30 mm in length and less than 10 lm in depth, and there is no evidence of crack tips. Chemical composition analysis shows that crack regions feather high oxygen concentration while smooth surface is at normal oxygen level. It is obvious that the occurrence of strip cracks is mainly related to residual oxide on the surface of Ti–4Al–2V alloy cold-rolled sheet.

关键词： Ti-4Al-2V Cold-rolled sheet Surface Stripe cracks

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Enhanced energy storage performance of BNT-SBT lead-free ceramics by a collaborative strategy of electrical properties modulation and grain refining via introducing KNN

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Long, Qiyu Zuo, Chengyang Xiao, Shihong Wei, Xianhua State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang621010 China Vanadium and Titanium Resource Comprehensive Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Panzhihua University Panzhihua617000 China

High-performance dielectric energy storage ceramics require high recoverable energy storage density, exceptional efficiency and eco-friendliness. However, it is still a challenge for Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 lead-free ceramic due to its large remnant polarization. To address this, we have designed and fabricated (1-x)(0.55Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.45Sr0.7Bi0.2TiO3)-xK0.5Na0.5NbO3 ((1-x)(BNT-SBT)-xKNN) by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method. After the introduction of KNN, the change of dielectric relaxation behavior is found, and the bandgap widening and grain size refining are also observed. These collaborate to obtain a high recoverable energy storage density (6.68 J/cm3) and a high efficiency (87 %) under a high electric field of 517 kV/cm in 0.95(BNT-SBT)-0.05KNN (5xKNN). Furthermore, the 5xKNN samples exhibit excellent stability in terms of frequency, temperature, and cycling. Additionally, a large power density of ∼138.53 MW/cm3 (at 360 kV/cm), and an ultrafast discharge time of ∼97.2 ns are achieved. This work indicates that a collaborative strategy of electrical properties modulation and grain refining is effective for designing advanced dielectric energy storage ceramics with exceptional performance. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Ceramic capacitors

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Chemical dehydration coupling multi-effect evaporation to treat waste sulfuric acid in titanium dioxide production process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第4期28卷 1162-1170页

作者： Hongyin Pang Ruifang Lu Tao Zhang Li Lü Yanxiao Chen Shengwei Tang State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization Panzhihua 617000China School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

In order to concentrate the diluted sulfuric acid from the titanium dioxide(TiO2)production of sulphate process,a new concentration process was proposed by coupling chemical dehydration and multi-effect *** ferrous sulfate monohydrate(FeSO4·H2O),as the dehydrant,was added to the diluted sulfuric acid to form ferrous sulfate heptahydrate(FeSO4·7H2O)according to the H2SO4-FeSO4-H2O phase diagrams,which partially removes the *** process was named as Chemical Dehydration *** residual water was further removed by two-effect evaporation and finally 70 wt%sulfuric acid was *** FeSO4·H2O can be regenerated through drying and dehydration of FeSO4·*** results show that FeSO4·H2O is the most suitable dehydrant,the optimal reaction time of chemical dehydration process is 30 min,and low temperature is favorable for the dehydration reaction.45.17%of the entire removed water can be removed by chemical dehydration from the diluted sulfuric *** chemical dehydration process is also energy efficient with 24.76%saving compared with the direct evaporation ***,51.21%of the FeSO4 dissolved originally in the diluted sulfuric acid are precipitated out during the chemical dehydration,which greatly reduces the solid precipitation and effectively alleviates the scaling in the subsequent multi-effect evaporation process.

关键词： Chemical dehydration Multi-effect evaporation Sulfuric acid titanium

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Effect of hot-dip galvanizing processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 600-MPa hot-dip galvanized dual-phase steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第12期24卷 1379-1383页

作者： Chun-fu Kuang Zhi-wang Zheng Min-li Wang Quan Xu Shen-gen Zhang State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization Research Institute of Pangang Group Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing

A C–Mn dual-phase steel was soaked at 800°C for 90 s and then either rapidly cooled to 450°C and held for 30 s(process A) or rapidly cooled to 350°C and then reheated to 450°C(process B) to simulate the hot-dip galvanizing process. The influence of the hot-dip galvanizing process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 600-MPa hot-dip galvanized dual-phase steel(DP600) was investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and tensile tests. The results showed that, in the case of process A, the microstructure of DP600 was composed of ferrite, martensite, and a small amount of bainite. The granular bainite was formed in the hot-dip galvanizing stage, and martensite islands were formed in the final cooling stage after hot-dip galvanizing. By contrast, in the case of process B, the microstructure of the DP600 was composed of ferrite, martensite, bainite, and cementite. In addition, compared with the yield strength(YS) of the DP600 annealed by process A, that for the DP600 annealed by process B increased by approximately 50 MPa because of the tempering of the martensite formed during rapid cooling. The work-hardening coefficient(n value) of the DP600 steel annealed by process B clearly decreased because the increase of the YS affected the computation result for the n value. However, the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and elongation(A80) of the DP600 annealed by process B exhibited less variation compared with those of the DP600 annealed by process A. Therefore, DP600 with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties(YS = 362 MPa, UTS = 638 MPa, A_(80) = 24.3%, n = 0.17) was obtained via process A.

关键词： hot-dip galvanizing process dual-phase steel microstructure mechanical properties

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Adsorption Performance and Photocatalytic Activity of La-TiO2@kaolin Composites 4

Adsorption Performance and Photocatalytic Activity of La-TiO...

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2024 4th International Conference on Fluid and Chemical Engineering, ICFCE 2024

作者： Zhan, Zhixing Peng, Fuchang Liu, Jingjing Liu, Qiaochu Yan, Yue'E School of Vanadium & Titanium Panzhihua University China Vanadium and Titanium Resource Comprehensive Utilization Key Laboratory Sichuan Province Panzhihua617000 China

La-TiO2@kaolin(LTK) composites were prepared via sol-gel method with kaolin, lanthanum nitrate and tetrabutyl titanate as raw materials. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM/EDS, and UV-Vis. The visible light photocatalytic reduction activity and adsorption performance of samples for Cr(VI) were studied. The results showed that La doping can refine TiO2 grains, stabilize phase structure of anatase TiO2, and expand its absorption spectrum, thereby enhancing its photocatalytic reduction activity. Due to the composite of kaolin, the dispersion of TiO2 is improves and it is endowed with a large specific surface area lead to enhance its adsorption ability for Cr(VI). The adsorption equilibrium process of LTK for Cr(VI) conforms to the Langmuir equation model. The coupling effect of doping and composite modification improves the adsorption and visible light catalytic reduction activity of Cr(VI) over composite material samples. The adsorption-photocatalytic removal rate of LTK for Cr(VI) under visible light irradiation for 6 hours reached the highest of 96.5%. The apparent first-order kinetic constant of its photocatalytic reduction reaction was 2.6 times that of pure TiO2. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Sol-gels

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Effects of overaging temperature on the microstructure and properties of 600MPa cold-rolled dual-phase steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第8期23卷 943-948页

作者： Chun-fu Kuang Zhi-wang Zheng Gong-ting Zhang Jun Chang Shen-gen Zhang Bo Liu State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization Research Institute of Pangang GroupPanzhihua 617000China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeiiingBeiiing 100083China

C–Mn steels prepared by annealing at 800°C for 120 s and overaging at 250–400°C were subjected to pre-straining（2%） and baking treatments（170°C for 20 min） to measure their bake-hardening（BH_2） values. The effects of overaging temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and BH_2 behavior of 600 MPa cold-rolled dual-phase（DP） steel were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and tensile tests. The results indicated that the martensite morphology exhibited less variation when the DP steel was overaged at 250–350°C. However, when the DP steel was overaged at 400°C, numerous non-martensite and carbide particles formed and yield-point elongation was observed in the tensile curve. When the overaging temperature was increased from 250 to 400°C, the yield strength increased from 272 to 317 MPa, the tensile strength decreased from 643 to 574 MPa, and the elongation increased from 27.8% to 30.6%. Furthermore, with an increase in overaging temperature from 250 to 400°C, the BH_2 value initially increases and then decreases. The maximum BH_2 value of 83 MPa was observed for the specimen overaged at 350°C.

关键词： dual-phase steel overaging temperature microstructure mechanical properties carbides

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Study on the effect of Zr on the modification behavior of TiN inclusions in Ti microalloyed low-carbon high-strength steel

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Materials Today Communications 2025年 46卷

作者： Hanyu Luo Chao Lu Xuexian Lin Xuegang Xiong Jianchun Cao Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization Pangang Group Research Institute Co Ltd Panzhihua 617000 China

In this paper, experimental and computational methods were employed to investigate the influence of Zr on the modification behavior of TiN inclusions in Ti microalloyed low-carbon high-strength steel. The results show that after adding Zr, TiN inclusions evolve into complex inclusions such as (Ti, Zr)N, (Ti, Zr)N–ZrO 2 , and TiS 2 –(Ti, Zr)N–ZrO 2 . As the Zr content increases, the proportion of (Ti, Zr)N–(Al 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 ) increases, and the evolution of TiN inclusions is manifested as an increase in quantity and a decrease in size. When the Zr content reaches 0.022 wt%, the number density and the average diameter of TiN inclusions are 26.77 mm −2 and 2.13 μm, respectively. The calculation results indicate that the final size of (Ti, Zr)N inclusions precipitated through homogeneous nucleation during the solidification process will increase with the increase in the content of Ti, Zr, and N. The refinement of TiN inclusions results from the increase in nucleation sites brought about by heterogeneous nucleation with ZrO 2 as the core. The modification of TiN inclusions characterized by acute angles into smaller sized inclusions such as (Ti, Zr)N and (Ti, Zr)N–(Al 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 ) is the main reason for the improvement of the plasticity and impact properties of Ti microalloyed steel.

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