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Modelling of OFdM modulation technique in HF radio band using MATLAB

Journal of Optical Communications 2024年第4期45卷 971-976页

作者： Kavitha, Thandapani Sonika, Makam Prathyusha, Namburi Lakshmi raj, Vysyaraju Tharun Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFdM) - a new wireless multicarrier modulation which uses number of subcarriers that will be orthogonal to each and every other to send signals. An OFdM signal contains tightly spaced modulated providers that every have low bit info on each with the subcarriers. The major objective of our specific model is to apply MATLAB modelling to model OFdM modulation approach among 6, 12 and 15 MHz bandwidths inside the great consistency (HF) radio group (3-30 MHz). Typically, the motive of the pattern is to be able to make HF very long haul transmission more quickly and further trusted in order to each element worldwide, including typically the bulk remote elements, undergo use of rapid speed, very long haul hands-free connection. The designed unit enables us all to alter typically the bandwidth, carrier consistency, type of modulation, sign to noise rate (SNr), and photo dimensions to identify the particular blend regarding criterion provides trusted OFdM details gears in the HF radio band. desire use four modulation techniques such while 32-QAM, 16-PSK, QPSK and BPSK. 32-QAM always transmitted typically the data the speediest despite the photo size, number regarding subcarriers and company frequency. 16-PSK seemed to be the second speediest type of modulation followed by QPSK and finally BPSK. To look with regard to the success associated with our model, all of us will figure out information rate and the particular bit to error ratio (BEr) right next information transfer. Preferably, we wish to possess a bit error rate associated with 10e-5 for a good SNr that will be symbol of the particular noise intensity skilled within the ionosphere. © 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Peak to average power ratio

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A Novel Blockchain-Assisted deep Learning Model For Secure Edge Intelligence in IoT Networks

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C 2024年 1-14页

作者： Sekhar, G. Chandra Aruna, r. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & ampD Institute of Science and Technology Tamilnadu Chennai India

The Internet is being connected to billions of mobile and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, generating zillions of Bytes of data at the network edge. This is in addition to developments in mobile computing and the Internet of Things (IoT). In the context of edge computing, applications are placed closer to data sources such as IoT sensors, local edge devices, and edge servers. data are transmitted from edge devices to dedicated computer infrastructures for a range of activities in any edge computing environment. For the reason that data are regularly sent from IoT edge devices to centralized virtualization technologies, it is more vulnerable to security vulnerabilities and complexity measures. Finally, to preserve the privacy of the IoT devices, the performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated using datasets in a large-scale network prototyped system. According to the data, the suggested strategy is both more effective and secure than the alternatives. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Internet of things

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Correlation and regression Coefficients of Neutrosophic Graph Products using Minimum Spanning Tree for Enhancing Healthcare Strategies

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2025年 78卷 105-126页

作者： Meenakshi, A. Shivangi, Mishra J. Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology India

This paper investigates the correlation and regression coefficients (CrCs) of single-valued neutro-sophic graph products (SVNGPs) with a focus on the minimum spanning tree (MST) and their applications in enhancing healthcare strategies. Single-valued neutrosophic Graph (SVNG) is an extension of traditional graph theory that uses neutrosophic logic to solve uncertainties and indeterminacy. We have introduced the modular and strong products of SVNGs and calculated the CrCs with and without using MST to evaluate the relationships within healthcare networks. A comparative analysis has been done for CrCs with and without MST which helps to increase the accuracy and efficiency of CrCs. The gained results offer valuable insights into optimizing resource allocation and improving patient care by identifying critical factors influencing health-care outcomes. This study demonstrates the applicability of SVNGPs in decision-making processes, with MST playing a pivotal role in enhancing overall healthcare efficiency and effectiveness. © 2025, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Logistic regression

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Exploring Neutrosophic Over Supra Exterior Modal Topological Structure: Theory and Application in Healthcare decision-Making

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2024年 72卷 272-285页

作者： devi, r. Narmada Parthiban, Yamini Department of Mathematics Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi Tamil Nadu Chennai India

Neutrosophic environments have gained significant relevance across diverse disciplines. Neutrosophic Over Supra Exterior Modal Topological Structure is introduced, demonstrating the generation of two distinct structures through traditional Neutrosophic Over supra topological operations, denoted as ⊞ (closure) and ⊡ (interior), along with novel Neutrosophic Over Supra Exterior Modal Operations, expressed as ⊗ (modal closure) and o (modal interior). This exploration delves into the essential properties and characteristics of these structures, illuminating their behavior and implications. To illustrate the practical relevance, a numerical example is presented, demonstrating the identification of disease types using a score function. The study conclusively shows that the Neutrosophic Over Supra Exterior Modal Topological Structure effectively classifies diseases such as tuberculosis (bacterial), malaria (parasitic), swine flu (viral), and ringworm (fungal). This dual approach ensures a holistic understanding of the topic, appealing to both theoretical and practitioners seeking practical solutions in the neutrosophic over environment. © 2024, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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decision Making By Neutrosophic Over Soft Topological Space

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2024年 66卷 76-94页

作者： devi, r.Narmada Parthiban, Yamini Department of Mathematics Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi Tamil Nadu Chennai India

The empirical correlation system serves as a crucial tool for unveiling the linear interconnections between two variables. Its significance lies in providing a prominent approach to depict a straightforward relationship without explicitly indicating a causal link between the sets involved. In the current research, an innovative concept of correlations is introduced specifically for Neutrosophic Over Soft Sets (No s -sets). This novel framework involves a meticulous examination of basic definitions and operations associated with Neutrosophic Over Soft Sets. Furthermore, the study extends to the introduction of a groundbreaking concept: a topological space integrated with Neutrosophic Over Soft Sets (No s -sets). This addition aims to broaden the scope of understanding and application in mathematical *** research does not merely establish theoretical foundations;it also explores various properties and theorems related to the introduced concepts. This is complemented by a series of numerical examples designed to provide clarity and facilitate a comprehensive grasp of the material. To demonstrate the practical application of these concepts, the research utilizes the correlation framework to present a numerical illustration. Specifically, it is applied to determine the topperforming student at GFC School for the academic year 2022-2023, showcasing the real-world relevance and applicability of the proposed methodologies. © (2024) All rights reserved.

关键词： decision making

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Implementation of Automatic Braking System in Electric Vehicles

Implementation of Automatic Braking System in Electric Vehic...

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2025 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer science, SCEECS 2025

作者： Narayana reddy, K. Venkata Vinoth John Prakash, S. Haseeb, Mohammad Sohtun, Steevenson Amosedinakaran, S. ramesh, S. Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Dept. of Eee Chennai India Dr.Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Vel Tech Rangarajan Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529833

This project helps to make driving safer by detecting and responding to obstructions automatically. It has ultrasonic sensors that are used in continuously monitoring the car's distance with any objects or obstacles. The system applies the braking mechanism, when it detects an obstacle at a predetermined safe distance, either slowing down or stopping the vehicle hence avoiding accidents. real time data handling and decision making of the intelligent braking system ensures the overall road safety. This technology is aimed at reducing road accidents, enhancing overall road safety. This system is designed to enhance vehicle safety by automatically detecting and responding to obstacles. It uses ultrasonic sensors to continuously monitor the distance between the vehicle and potential obstructions. The intelligent braking system incorporates real-time data processing and decision-making to ensure accurate and timely responses. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonic sensors

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3d printing with natural fiber composites: a review for advanced manufacturing applications

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Interactions 2024年第1期245卷 1-12页

作者： Karthik, K. Kolappan, S. ramesh, V. Muthukumarasamy, S. Department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & ampD Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai600062 India

3d printing has transformed manufacturing by enabling the creation of complex shapes with high precision and minimal material waste. However, the widespread use of non-renewable, petroleum-based plastics in 3d printing raises environmental concerns due to their non-biodegradability and high carbon emissions. The use of natural fiber composites, combining natural fibers like hemp, flax, jute, and sisal with bio polymers or other sustainable matrix materials, has emerged as a more eco-friendly alternative offering strength, light weight, and sustainability. This article explores the viability of using these natural fiber composites for various 3d printing techniques such as fused deposition modeling, direct ink writing, and stereo lithography. It analyzes the strengths and limitations of each method for fabricating natural fiber composite parts. Potential applications span industries like automotive, aerospace, construction, and consumer goods, where these materials can serve as environmentally-friendly replacements for traditional plastics. The environmental and economic benefits of 3d printing with natural fiber composites are highlighted, including lower emissions, utilization of renewable resources, and support for local economies. While challenges like moisture sensitivity, uneven fiber distribution, and limited bio polymer choices are acknowledged, the article underscores the urgent need for further research to improve the functionality and print ability of these materials. Integrating natural fiber composites into 3d printing represents a significant stride towards sustainable manufacturing, presenting an opportunity to minimize environmental impact while producing high-performance components across diverse industries. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Hemp fibers

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Enhancing Wear resistance of AISI 304 Steels Using WC–Co/SiC HVOF Thermal Spray Coatings

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series d 2025年 1-15页

作者： Sudhakar, Cherukupalli Praveen, Ayyappan Susila Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India

This study investigates the effects of varied WC–Co/SiC high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) coating compositions on the microstructural, mechanical, and wear properties of AISI 304 stainless steel. Microstructure evolution, phase composition, hardness distribution, and wear resistance were investigated using a series of coatings with increasing SiC content (from pure WC–Co to a WC–Co/SiC mix with 75% SiC). A gradual change from WC–Co-dominant microstructures in Sample A to SiC-rich structures in Sample E was observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This change was correlated with different surface morphologies and compositional features, confirmed by SEM–EdS analysis. Key phases with different intensities and peak broadening across samples were identified by X-ray diffraction (Xrd), including WC, Co, SiC, and Fe₃C. Because of the harder SiC matrix, hardness profiles indicated that surface hardness increased with increasing SiC concentrations, peaking in Samples d and E. However, locally distributed brittleness was observed in coatings that were heavily SiC-dominated. While higher SiC content in Samples C through E resulted in slightly elevated wear rates, most likely due to increased brittleness, wear analysis showed that Sample B (WC–Co 75% & SiC 25%) had a decrease in wear rate, indicating an ideal composition for enhanced wear resistance. SEM examination of the worn surfaces revealed unique wear mechanisms, ranging from brittle fracture and microcracking in SiC-rich samples to plastic deformation in WC–Co-dominant samples. The study shows that while modest SiC additions to WC–Co coatings improve hardness and wear resistance in concert, too much SiC content may reduce durability because of brittleness. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2025.

关键词： Brittle fracture

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Emerging Trends and Obstacles in Predicting Preeclampsia: A Comprehensive review of Machine Learning and deep Learning techniques

Emerging Trends and Obstacles in Predicting Preeclampsia: A ...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Electronic Systems and Intelligent Computing, ICESIC 2024

作者： Aruna, r. Sivaranjani, S. Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R and D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522988

Preeclampsia, a serious hypertension condition during pregnancy, presents considerable hazards to both mother and fetal health, potentially resulting in catastrophic consequences if not promptly identified. Conventional diagnostic techniques depend on clinical evaluations and biomarkers, which may not consistently provide prompt or precise predictions. recently, deep learning algorithms have emerged as potent instruments for studying intricate, high-dimensional data, potentially improving illness prediction by uncovering patterns and features overlooked by traditional methods. recent research reveals the advancement of several machine learning and deep learning models for predicting preeclampsia from 2021 to 2024, employing a wide array of input data, including maternal demographics, clinical histories, and ultrasound pictures. research has indicated favorable outcomes, with these models exhibiting enhanced sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy relative to conventional methods. Nonetheless, obstacles persist in domains such as data integrity, model interpretability, and the applicability of findings across varied populations. This literature review highlights recent developments in deep learning methodologies for the detection of preeclampsia and examines potential enhancements for practical use. Keywords include preeclampsia, maternal demographics, clinical evaluations, biomarkers, ultrasound imaging, and fetal health. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging

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Impact of higher order dispersion in the propagation of optical pulse in the photonic crystal fibers - A Projection Operator approach

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2024年第10期56卷 1-10页

作者： Mohanraj, P. Department of Physics Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & ampD Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai600062 India

A numerical investigation of the impact of fourth-order dispersion in the dynamics of Gaussian pulse propagation in photonic crystal fiber is presented. Considering the importance of waveguide dispersion in photonic crystal fiber, higher-order dispersion, especially fourth-order dispersion, is found to be crucial and significantly affects the dynamics. To study the evolution of various pulse parameters during propagation, we adopt the generalized projection operator method to derive the pulse parameter equation. It is observed that the fourth-order dispersion is found to be critical and, hence, remarkably influences the dynamics. A detailed discussion is presented to give further insight into the impact of Fourth order dispersion. different ansatz-like methods are also considered alongside the Gaussian ansatz. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Photonic crystal fibers

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