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Correlation and regression Coefficients of Neutrosophic Graph Products using Minimum Spanning Tree for Enhancing Healthcare Strategies

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2025年 78卷 105-126页

作者： Meenakshi, A. Shivangi, Mishra J. Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology India

This paper investigates the correlation and regression coefficients (CrCs) of single-valued neutro-sophic graph products (SVNGPs) with a focus on the minimum spanning tree (MST) and their applications in enhancing healthcare strategies. Single-valued neutrosophic Graph (SVNG) is an extension of traditional graph theory that uses neutrosophic logic to solve uncertainties and indeterminacy. We have introduced the modular and strong products of SVNGs and calculated the CrCs with and without using MST to evaluate the relationships within healthcare networks. A comparative analysis has been done for CrCs with and without MST which helps to increase the accuracy and efficiency of CrCs. The gained results offer valuable insights into optimizing resource allocation and improving patient care by identifying critical factors influencing health-care outcomes. This study demonstrates the applicability of SVNGPs in decision-making processes, with MST playing a pivotal role in enhancing overall healthcare efficiency and effectiveness. © 2025, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Logistic regression

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Environmental Sustainability Achievement on diesel Engine Emissions Using Mahua Biodiesel Influenced by Graphite

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recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering 2025年第2期18卷 129-136页

作者： Nachippan, N. Murugu Padmanabhan, S. Parthasarathy, M. School of Mechanical and Construction Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India

Aim: To assess the performance and emission parameters of graphite-included mahua biodiesel at various proportions such as 10 ppm, 40 ppm, and 70 ppm. Background: The fuels derived from petroleum are harmful to the environment and deplete traditional energy sources. The discovery of alternative fuels has paved the way for various options. Studies suggest replacing diesel with vegetable oils. Neat vegetable oil has a high viscosity and low volatility characteristics, making it unsuitable for diesel engines. Methods: Transesterification of mahua seed oil produces biodiesel with graphite distributed in varying concentrations by ultra sonification. Mahua biodiesel shows reduced viscosity compared to neat vegetable oil, and it will be used as diesel in diesel engines. Patent graphite nanoparticles contained in mahua biodiesel mix (B30) indicate improved brake thermal efficiency, reduced brake-specific fuel consumption, and reduced carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide, and smoke density. Conclusion: The results of this investigation showed that multi-cylinder diesel engines with direct injection can use optimal blend B30, which incorporates graphite nanoparticles, without requiring any modifications to the engine. © 2025 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Alternative fuels B30 blend graphite hydrocarbon mahua biodiesel vegetable oil

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Modelling of OFdM modulation technique in HF radio band using MATLAB

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Journal of Optical Communications 2024年第4期45卷 971-976页

作者： Kavitha, Thandapani Sonika, Makam Prathyusha, Namburi Lakshmi raj, Vysyaraju Tharun Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFdM) - a new wireless multicarrier modulation which uses number of subcarriers that will be orthogonal to each and every other to send signals. An OFdM signal contains tightly spaced modulated providers that every have low bit info on each with the subcarriers. The major objective of our specific model is to apply MATLAB modelling to model OFdM modulation approach among 6, 12 and 15 MHz bandwidths inside the great consistency (HF) radio group (3-30 MHz). Typically, the motive of the pattern is to be able to make HF very long haul transmission more quickly and further trusted in order to each element worldwide, including typically the bulk remote elements, undergo use of rapid speed, very long haul hands-free connection. The designed unit enables us all to alter typically the bandwidth, carrier consistency, type of modulation, sign to noise rate (SNr), and photo dimensions to identify the particular blend regarding criterion provides trusted OFdM details gears in the HF radio band. desire use four modulation techniques such while 32-QAM, 16-PSK, QPSK and BPSK. 32-QAM always transmitted typically the data the speediest despite the photo size, number regarding subcarriers and company frequency. 16-PSK seemed to be the second speediest type of modulation followed by QPSK and finally BPSK. To look with regard to the success associated with our model, all of us will figure out information rate and the particular bit to error ratio (BEr) right next information transfer. Preferably, we wish to possess a bit error rate associated with 10e-5 for a good SNr that will be symbol of the particular noise intensity skilled within the ionosphere. © 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Peak to average power ratio

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Optimizing Network Structures Through Neutrosophic Graph Product Operations and its Coloring: A Comprehensive Approach for Enhanced Connectivity and robustness

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2025年 76卷 400-429页

作者： Meenakshi, A. dhanushiya, S. Department of Mathematics Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai600 062 India

Optimal network analysis requires advanced techniques to handle the inherent complexity and uncertainty of real-world systems. We have used vertex order coloring on neutrosophic graphs to find the most effective approach to improve network reliability and performance. Neutrosophic graphs( ) offer a comprehensive framework for modelling real-world networks with inherent uncertainties by incorporating degrees of truth, falsity, and indeterminacy. In this paper, we have investigated various graph product operations as a means of optimizing network structures. We further investigated the applications of vertex order coloring to identify and strong vertices within various graph operations of . We examined several products with the goal of determining the most optimal network based on particular important metrics including the total number of alpha-strong vertices, the weight of alpha-strong vertices, the chromatic number, and the weight of the graph's minimum spanning tree. The objective of our research is to identify the best solutions that strike a balance between robustness and association by rigorously studying and comparing various product operations. Our research advances the subject of network theory and provides useful information for a variety of applications, including social networks, transportation, and telecommunications. © 2025, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Network theory (graphs)

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A colorimetric sensor for the stable and selective detection of mercury ions using PAH-capped silver nanoparticles in an aqueous medium

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Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland) 2024年第1期14卷 33-42页

作者： Samuel, Vimala rani rao, K. Jagajjanani Department of Biotechnology Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai600 062 India

In this study, we present a novel colorimetric method for the precise and sensitive detection of Hg ions utilizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced and stabilized in an aqueous medium using Poly allyl amine hydrochloride (PAH). Nanoparticles were prepared from silver nitrate and NaBH4 along with CTAB at 26 ± 2 °C with an average size of 30.21 ± 6.5 nm. The prepared AgNPs solution exhibited yellowish brown color with a surface Plasmon peak at 420 nm. By adding Hg ions, the yellow color of the solution was transformed into a colorless suspension, and the color change was proportional to the Hg ion concentration. The presence of other metal ions had no effect on the color (sensitivity);confirming the selectivity of CTAB stabilized PAH capped AgNPs towards Hg ions. The generated probe has a 1 nM low detection limit when measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. The proposed approach has the potential to be utilized in real-time environments with greater precession by applying rGB values to make a revolutionary sensor using visible light imaging technique. © 2023, King Abdulaziz City for science and technology.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles

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Exploring Neutrosophic Over Supra Exterior Modal Topological Structure: Theory and Application in Healthcare decision-Making

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2024年 72卷 272-285页

作者： devi, r. Narmada Parthiban, Yamini Department of Mathematics Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi Tamil Nadu Chennai India

Neutrosophic environments have gained significant relevance across diverse disciplines. Neutrosophic Over Supra Exterior Modal Topological Structure is introduced, demonstrating the generation of two distinct structures through traditional Neutrosophic Over supra topological operations, denoted as ⊞ (closure) and ⊡ (interior), along with novel Neutrosophic Over Supra Exterior Modal Operations, expressed as ⊗ (modal closure) and o (modal interior). This exploration delves into the essential properties and characteristics of these structures, illuminating their behavior and implications. To illustrate the practical relevance, a numerical example is presented, demonstrating the identification of disease types using a score function. The study conclusively shows that the Neutrosophic Over Supra Exterior Modal Topological Structure effectively classifies diseases such as tuberculosis (bacterial), malaria (parasitic), swine flu (viral), and ringworm (fungal). This dual approach ensures a holistic understanding of the topic, appealing to both theoretical and practitioners seeking practical solutions in the neutrosophic over environment. © 2024, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Optimizable KNN and ANFIS Algorithms development for Accurate Antenna Parameter Estimation

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Progress In Electromagnetics research C 2024年 142卷 207-218页

作者： ramasamy, rajendran Bennet, Maria Anto Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai600062 India

The process of smart antenna synthesis involves the automatic selection of the optimal antenna type and geometry in order to enhance antenna performance. A model for intelligent antenna selection employs an optimizable K-nearest neighbors (KNN) classifier to determine the optimal antenna choice. To optimize the utilization of different learner types, the geometric parameters of the antenna are presented as the final step prior to the construction of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model, which involves the integration of five distinct primary learners. The classification of three distinct types of antennas, namely helical antenna, pyramidal horn antenna, and rectangular patch antenna, is performed using an optimizable K-nearest neighbors (KNN) classifier. Additionally, an ANFIS approach is employed to determine the optimal size parameters for each antenna. The accuracy is used to evaluate the performance of an optimizable KNN classifier, whereas Mean Squared Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error are used to evaluate the performance of an ANFIS. The proposed technique demonstrates high performance in parameter prediction and antenna categorization, achieving a Mean Absolute Percentage Error of less than 3% and an accuracy exceeding 99.16%. The recommended methodology holds significant potential for widespread application in the development of practical smart antennas. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fuzzy inference

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decision Making By Neutrosophic Over Soft Topological Space

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2024年 66卷 76-94页

作者： devi, r.Narmada Parthiban, Yamini Department of Mathematics Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi Tamil Nadu Chennai India

The empirical correlation system serves as a crucial tool for unveiling the linear interconnections between two variables. Its significance lies in providing a prominent approach to depict a straightforward relationship without explicitly indicating a causal link between the sets involved. In the current research, an innovative concept of correlations is introduced specifically for Neutrosophic Over Soft Sets (No s -sets). This novel framework involves a meticulous examination of basic definitions and operations associated with Neutrosophic Over Soft Sets. Furthermore, the study extends to the introduction of a groundbreaking concept: a topological space integrated with Neutrosophic Over Soft Sets (No s -sets). This addition aims to broaden the scope of understanding and application in mathematical *** research does not merely establish theoretical foundations;it also explores various properties and theorems related to the introduced concepts. This is complemented by a series of numerical examples designed to provide clarity and facilitate a comprehensive grasp of the material. To demonstrate the practical application of these concepts, the research utilizes the correlation framework to present a numerical illustration. Specifically, it is applied to determine the topperforming student at GFC School for the academic year 2022-2023, showcasing the real-world relevance and applicability of the proposed methodologies. © (2024) All rights reserved.

关键词： decision making

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Enhancing Wear resistance of AISI 304 Steels Using WC–Co/SiC HVOF Thermal Spray Coatings

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series d 2025年 1-15页

作者： Sudhakar, Cherukupalli Praveen, Ayyappan Susila Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India

This study investigates the effects of varied WC–Co/SiC high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) coating compositions on the microstructural, mechanical, and wear properties of AISI 304 stainless steel. Microstructure evolution, phase composition, hardness distribution, and wear resistance were investigated using a series of coatings with increasing SiC content (from pure WC–Co to a WC–Co/SiC mix with 75% SiC). A gradual change from WC–Co-dominant microstructures in Sample A to SiC-rich structures in Sample E was observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This change was correlated with different surface morphologies and compositional features, confirmed by SEM–EdS analysis. Key phases with different intensities and peak broadening across samples were identified by X-ray diffraction (Xrd), including WC, Co, SiC, and Fe₃C. Because of the harder SiC matrix, hardness profiles indicated that surface hardness increased with increasing SiC concentrations, peaking in Samples d and E. However, locally distributed brittleness was observed in coatings that were heavily SiC-dominated. While higher SiC content in Samples C through E resulted in slightly elevated wear rates, most likely due to increased brittleness, wear analysis showed that Sample B (WC–Co 75% & SiC 25%) had a decrease in wear rate, indicating an ideal composition for enhanced wear resistance. SEM examination of the worn surfaces revealed unique wear mechanisms, ranging from brittle fracture and microcracking in SiC-rich samples to plastic deformation in WC–Co-dominant samples. The study shows that while modest SiC additions to WC–Co coatings improve hardness and wear resistance in concert, too much SiC content may reduce durability because of brittleness. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2025.

关键词： Brittle fracture

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On Neutrosophic α(γ,β)-Continuous Functions, Neutrosophic α(γ,β)-Open (Closed) Functions in Neutrosophic Topological Spaces

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2024年 64卷 185-211页

作者： Kalaivani, N. Ur rahman, K. Fayaz Chandrasekaran, E. Department of Mathematics Vel Tech Rangarajan Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology TamilNadu Chennai India

In the present script, we explain the neutrosophic α(γ,β)-continuous function in the neutrosophic topological spaces. We analyze their behaviour;study the various relations and properties existing among them. Further we like to extend the study to neutrosophic α(γ,β)-open function,α(γ,β) -closed function, neutrosophic -(γne,αβ) irresolute functions and neutrosophic α(γ,β)- homeomorphism in the neutrosophic topological spaces. The relationship among them can be studied in detail. The neutrosophic (γne,αβ)-continuous function, neutrosophic (γne,αβ)-open(closed) function, neutrosophic αγ-limit point, neutrosophic αγ-derived set and neutrosophic αγ-neighbourhood point are explained and utilized to obtain various remarkable properties. They are explored through the specified examples. © (2023), (University of New Mexico). All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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