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IEEE Southwest Symposium on image Analysis and Interpretation

作者： Changye Yang Sriram Baireddy Yuhao Chen Enyu Cai Denise Caldwell Valérian Méline Anjali S. Iyer-Pascuzzi Edward J. Delp Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iyer-Pascuzzi Lab Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728157450

ISBN: (纸本)9781728157467

Accurately phenotyping plant wilting is important for understanding responses to environmental stress. Analysis of the shape of plants can potentially be used to accurately quantify the degree of wilting. Plant shape analysis can be enhanced by locating the stem, which serves as a consistent reference point during wilting. In this paper, we show that deep learning methods can accurately segment tomato plant stems. We also propose a control-point-based ground truth method that drastically reduces the resources needed to create a training dataset for a deep learning approach. Experimental results show the viability of both our proposed ground truth approach and deep learning based stem segmentation.

关键词： image segmentation Splines (mathematics) Machine learning Diseases Training Task analysis Shape

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EWT: Efficient Wavelet-Transformer for Single image Denoising

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Juncheng Cheng, Bodong Chen, Ying Gao, Guangwei Zeng, Tieyong The School of Communication & Information Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Image and Video Understanding for Social Safety Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China The School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University Xian China The Department of Cyberspace Security Beijing Electronic Science & Technology Institute Beijing China The Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China The Provincial Key Laboratory for Computer Information Processing Technology Soochow University Suzhou China The Department of Mathematics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong

Transformer-based image denoising methods have achieved encouraging results in the past year. However, it must uses linear operations to model long-range dependencies, which greatly increases model inference time and consumes GPU storage space. Compared with convolutional neural network-based methods, current Transformer-based image denoising methods cannot achieve a balance between performance improvement and resource consumption. In this paper, we propose an Efficient Wavelet Transformer (EWT) for image denoising. Specifically, we use Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Inverse Wavelet Transform (IWT) for downsampling and upsampling, respectively. This method can fully preserve the image features while reducing the image resolution, thereby greatly reducing the device resource consumption of the Transformer model. Furthermore, we propose a novel Dual-stream Feature Extraction Block (DFEB) to extract image features at different levels, which can further reduce model inference time and GPU memory usage. Experiments show that our method speeds up the original Transformer by more than 80%, reduces GPU memory usage by more than 60%, and achieves excellent denoising results. All code will be public. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： image denoising

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Generative Autoregressive Ensembles for Satellite imagery Manipulation Detection

Generative Autoregressive Ensembles for Satellite Imagery Ma...

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IEEE International Workshop on Information Forensics and Security (WIFS)

作者： Daniel Mas Montserrat János Horváth S. K. Yarlagadda Fengqing Zhu Edward J. Delp Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728199306

ISBN: (纸本)9781728199313

Satellite imagery is becoming increasingly accessible due to the growing number of orbiting commercial satellites. Many applications make use of such images: agricultural management, meteorological prediction, damage assessment from natural disasters, or cartography are some of the examples. Unfortunately, these images can be easily tampered and modified with image manipulation tools damaging downstream applications. Because the nature of the manipulation applied to the image is typically unknown, unsupervised methods that don't require prior knowledge of the tampering techniques used are preferred. In this paper, we use ensembles of generative autoregressive models to model the distribution of the pixels of the image in order to detect potential manipulations. We evaluate the performance of the presented approach obtaining accurate localization results compared to previously presented approaches.

关键词： Location awareness Training Satellites Splicing Tools Orbits Security

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Deepfakes Detection with Automatic Face Weighting

Deepfakes Detection with Automatic Face Weighting

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Daniel Mas Montserrat Hanxiang Hao S. K. Yarlagadda Sriram Baireddy Ruiting Shao János Horváth Emily Bartusiak Justin Yang David Güera Fengqing Zhu Edward J. Delp Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728193601

ISBN: (纸本)9781728193618

Altered and manipulated multimedia is increasingly present and widely distributed via social media platforms. Advanced video manipulation tools enable the generation of highly realistic-looking altered multimedia. While many methods have been presented to detect manipulations, most of them fail when evaluated with data outside of the datasets used in research environments. In order to address this problem, the Deepfake Detection Challenge (DFDC) provides a large dataset of videos containing realistic manipulations and an evaluation system that ensures that methods work quickly and accurately, even when faced with challenging data. In this paper, we introduce a method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) that extracts visual and temporal features from faces present in videos to accurately detect manipulations. The method is evaluated with the DFDC dataset, providing competitive results compared to other techniques.

关键词： Face Feature extraction Streaming media Recurrent neural networks Training Tools Social network services

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STD-TR: End-to-End Spatio-Temporal Action Detection with Transformers

STD-TR: End-to-End Spatio-Temporal Action Detection with Tra...

引用

2021 China Automation Congress, CAC 2021

作者： Li, Zexian Wang, Tian Zhu, Aichun Liu, Kexin Shi, Peng Snoussi, Hichem School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Image and Video Understanding for Social Safety Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China School of Mathematics and Computer Science Fujian Normal University Fujian China Institute Charles Delaunay-LM2S University of Technology of Troyes Troyes France

ISBN: (纸本)9781665426473

Spatio-temporal action detection methods locate human actions in both spatial and temporal dimension, which usually follow a two-stage structure. In this paper, We propose STD-TR, a novel spatio-temporal action detection framework with an end-to-end transformer structure. STD-TR employs two branches to extract feature from video clip and key frame concurrently, then sends the aggregated feature to the transformer encoder-decoder. View spatio-temporal action detection as a set matching and prediction problem, STD-TR employs learned object queries to model the relation of feature context, and directly outputs all predictions at one inference time. Our method remove all hand-designed and can be optimized by a joint loss. Besides, a Hungarian algorithm and a upgraded linking strategy are used for bipartite set matching and action tube generation respectively. Convincing experiment result on challenging dataset demonstrates the superiority of our method. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： computer vision

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1D quasi-bound states in the continuum with large operation bandwidth in theω~k space for nonlinear optical applications

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Photonics Research 2022年第7期10卷 1575-1581页

作者： KAILI SUN HUI JIANG DMITRY ABYKOV VIEN VAN URIEL LEVY YANGJIAN CAI ZHANGHUA HAN Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Devices Center of Light Manipulation and ApplicationsSchool of Physics and ElectronicsShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Image Processing Systems Institute—Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre“Crystallography and Photonics”of Russian Academy of Sciences Samara 443001Russia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2V4Canada Department of Applied Physics and Center for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael

The phenomenon of bound state in the continuum(BIC)with an infinite quality factor and lifetime has emerged in recent years in photonics as a new tool to manipulate light-matter ***,most of the investigated structures only support BIC resonances at very few discrete points in theω~k *** when the BIC is switched to a quasi-BIC(QBIC)resonance through perturbation,its frequency will still be located within a narrow spectral band close to that of the original BIC,restricting their applications in many fields where random or multiple input frequencies beyond the narrow band are *** this work,we demonstrate that a new set of QBIC resonances can be supported by using a special binary grating consisting of two alternatingly aligned ridge arrays with the same period and zero-approaching ridge width difference on a slab *** QBIC resonances are distributed continuously over a broad band along a line in theω~k space and can thus be considered as 1 D *** the Q factors generally affected by the ridge difference,it is now possible to arbitrarily choose any frequencies on the dispersion line to achieve significantly enhanced light-matter interactions,facilitating many applications where multiple input wavelengths are required;e.g.,sum or difference frequency generations in nonlinear optics.

关键词： quasi nonlinear narrow

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Deep Transfer Learning For Plant Center Localization

Deep Transfer Learning For Plant Center Localization

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Enyu Cai Sriram Baireddy Changye Yang Melba Crawford Edward J. Delp Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728193601

ISBN: (纸本)9781728193618

Plant phenotyping focuses on the measurement of plant characteristics throughout the growing season, typically with the goal of evaluating genotypes for plant breeding. Estimating plant location is important for identifying genotypes which have low emergence, which is also related to the environment and management practices such as fertilizer applications. The goal of this paper is to investigate methods that estimate plant locations for afield-based crop using RGB aerial images captured using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Deep learning approaches provide promising capability for locating plants observed in RGB images, but they require large quantities of labeled data (ground truth) for training. Using a deep learning architecture fine-tuned on a single field or a single type of crop on fields in other geographic areas or with other crops may not have good results. The problem of generating ground truth for each new field is labor-intensive and tedious. In this paper, we propose a method for estimating plant centers by transferring an existing model to a new scenario using limited ground truth data. We describe the use of transfer learning using a model fine-tuned for a single field or a single type of plant on a varied set of similar crops and fields. We show that transfer learning provides promising results for detecting plant locations.

关键词： Training Machine learning Task analysis Agriculture Data models Training data Shape

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Robustness Analysis of Face Obscuration

Robustness Analysis of Face Obscuration

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International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition

作者： Hanxiang Hao David Güera János Horváth Amy R. Reibman Edward J. Delp Video and Image Processing Lab (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728130798

ISBN: (纸本)9781728130804

Face obscuration is needed by law enforcement and mass media outlets to guarantee privacy. Sharing sensitive content where obscuration or redaction techniques have failed to completely remove all identifiable traces can lead to many legal and social issues. Hence, we need to be able to systematically measure the face obscuration performance of a given technique. In this paper we propose to measure the effectiveness of eight obscuration techniques. We do so by attacking the redacted faces in three scenarios: obscured face identification, verification, and reconstruction. Threat modeling is also considered to provide a vulnerability analysis for each studied obscuration technique. Based on our evaluation, we show that the k-same based methods are the most effective.

关键词： Face recognition image reconstruction Faces Deep learning Analytical models image recognition Privacy

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Online Attentive Kernel-Based Temporal Difference Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Yang, Guang Chen, Xingguo Yang, Shangdong Wang, Huihui Dong, Shaokang Gao, Yang The the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Security & Intelligent Processing Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-Product Quality Traceability Beijing Technology and Business University China The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China The PCA Lab Key Lab of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information Ministry of Education Jiangsu Key Lab of Image and Video Understanding for Social Security School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology China

With rising uncertainty in the real world, online Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been receiving increasing attention due to its fast learning capability and improving data efficiency. However, online RL often suffers from complex Value Function Approximation (VFA) and catastrophic interference, creating difficulty for the deep neural network to be applied to an online RL algorithm in a fully online setting. Therefore, a simpler and more adaptive approach is introduced to evaluate value function with the kernel-based model. Sparse representations are superior at handling interference, indicating that competitive sparse representations should be learnable, non-prior, non-truncated and explicit when compared with current sparse representation methods. Moreover, in learning sparse representations, attention mechanisms are utilized to represent the degree of sparsification, and a smooth attentive function is introduced into the kernel-based VFA. In this paper, we propose an Online Attentive Kernel-Based Temporal Difference (OAKTD) algorithm using two-timescale optimization and provide convergence analysis of our proposed algorithm. Experimental evaluations showed that OAKTD outperformed several Online Kernel-based Temporal Difference (OKTD) learning algorithms in addition to the Temporal Difference (TD) learning algorithm with Tile Coding on public Mountain Car, Acrobot, CartPole and Puddle World tasks. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Asymmetry Total Variation and Framelet Regularized Nonconvex Low-Rank Tensor Completion

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Chen, Yongyong Zhao, Xiaojia Xu, Tingting Zeng, Haijin Xu, Yanhui Chen, Junxing The School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Security Intelligence Technologies Shenzhen518055 China Image Processing and Interpretation Imec Research Group Ghent University Belgium Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau China The College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110004 China

The low-rank tensor representation has shown enormous potential and advantages in diverse applications. However, (1) due to the inherent limitations of the low-rank tensor model, the tensor nuclear norm is utilized yet as a biased estimate of the tensor rank, which limits the image recovery performance. (2) most current low-rank approximation-based methods focus on the preservation of global information, while ignoring the local details preservation such as the spatial piece-wise smoothness and sharp edges. To overcome he above obstacles, we propose a novel asymmetry three-dimensional total variation and framelet regularized nonconvex low-rank tensor completion (ATV-FNTC) model, which integrates the nonconvex penalty function and asymmetric three-dimensional total variation into one unified model. Specifically, ATV-FNTC introduces one nonconvex penalty function as a tighter regularizer to approximate the tensor rank. Different from existing methods, the asymmetric three-dimensional total variation regularization is developed to achieve more accurate recovery of detailed information and flexibly control the smoothing strength of different dimensions of tensor data. Furthermore, we design an iterative algorithm to solve the nonconvex ATV-FNTC model by the alternating direction methods of multipliers. Experimental results reveal the superiority of the proposed method compared with several state-of-the-art methods when handling different completion tasks. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tensors

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