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arXiv 2024年

作者： Pokojná, Hana Isenberg, Tobias Bruckner, Stefan Kozlíková, Barbora Garrison, Laura Visitlab Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University Czech Republic Inria Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Inria LISN France The Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock Germany Visitlab Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University Czech Republic The Department of Informatics Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre Department of Radiology Haukeland University Hospital University of Bergen Norway

We apply an approach from cognitive linguistics by mapping Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) to the visualization domain to address patterns of visual conceptual metaphors that are often used in science infographics. Metaphors play an essential part in visual communication and are frequently employed to explain complex concepts. However, their use is often based on intuition, rather than following a formal process. At present, we lack tools and language for understanding and describing metaphor use in visualization to the extent where taxonomy and grammar could guide the creation of visual components, e.g., infographics. Our classification of the visual conceptual mappings within scientific representations is based on the breakdown of visual components in existing scientific infographics. We demonstrate the development of this mapping through a detailed analysis of data collected from four domains (biomedicine, climate, space, and anthropology) that represent a diverse range of visual conceptual metaphors used in the visual communication of science. This work allows us to identify patterns of visual conceptual metaphor use within the domains, resolve ambiguities about why specific conceptual metaphors are used, and develop a better overall understanding of visual metaphor use in scientific infographics. Our analysis shows that ontological and orientational conceptual metaphors are the most widely applied to translate complex scientific concepts. To support our findings we developed a visual exploratory tool based on the collected database that places the individual infographics on a spatio-temporal scale and illustrates the breakdown of visual conceptual metaphors. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： visualization

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Artifact Abstract: Kitchen Task Assessment Dataset for Measuring Errors due to Cognitive Impairments

Artifact Abstract: Kitchen Task Assessment Dataset for Measu...

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IEEE International Conference on Pervasive computing and Communications (PerCom)

作者： Kristina Yordanova Albert Hein Thomas Kirste Department of Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728146577

ISBN: (纸本)9781728146584

This document provides guidelines to using the data in the kitchen task assessment dataset. This dataset contains normal behaviour as well as erroneous behaviour due to dementia. The dataset including annotation, sensor data and synchronisation scripts is publicly available and can be downloaded from the Library of the University of Rostock [4] , download link https://***/10.18453/rosdok_id00002605 . The video data is accessible on request. If you are interested in the video data, please, contact Peter Eschholz at ***( at )***.

关键词： Cognitive Decline Error measure Dataset video data KITCHEN Normal behavior Libraries handicrafts Artifacts

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Conceptual Models in Simulation Studies: Making it Explicit

Conceptual Models in Simulation Studies: Making it Explicit

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Pia Wilsdorf Fiete Haack Adelinde M. Uhrmacher Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock Rostock GERMANY

ISBN: (数字)9781728194998

ISBN: (纸本)9781728195001

Conceptual models play an important role in conducting simulation studies. A formal or at least explicit specification of conceptual models is key for effectively exploiting them during simulation studies and thereafter, for interpreting and reusing the simulation results. However, the perception of conceptual models varies strongly and with it possible means for specification. A broad definition of the conceptual model, i.e., as a loose collection of early-stage products of the simulation study, holds the potential to unify existing definitions, but also poses specific challenges for specification. To approach these challenges, without claiming to be exhaustive, we identify a set of products, which includes research question, data, and requirements, and define relations and properties of these products. Based on a cell biological case study and a prototypical implementation, we show how the formal structuring of the conceptual model assists in building a simulation model.

关键词： Biological system modeling Simulation Buildings

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Pragmatic Logic-Based Spatio-Temporal Pattern Checking in Particle-Based Models

Pragmatic Logic-Based Spatio-Temporal Pattern Checking in Pa...

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Andreas Ruscheinski Anja Wolpers Philipp Henning Tom Warnke Fiete Haack Adelinde M. Uhrmacher Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock Rostock GERMANY

ISBN: (数字)9781728194998

ISBN: (纸本)9781728195001

Particle-based simulation is a powerful approach for modeling systems and processes of entities interacting in continuous space. One way to validate a particle-based simulation is to check for the occurrence of spatio-temporal patterns formed by the particles, for example by statistical model checking. Whereas spatio-temporal logics for describing spatio-temporal patterns exist, they are defined on discrete rather than continuous space. We propose an approach to bridge this gap by automatically translating the output of continuous-space particle-based simulations into an input for discrete-space spatio-temporal logics. The translation is parameterized with information about relevant regions and their development in time. We demonstrate the utility of our approach with a case study in which we successfully apply statistical model-checking to a particle-based cell-biological model. A Java implementation of our approach is available under an open-source license.

关键词： Solid modeling Three-dimensional displays Shape Two dimensional displays Model checking Reliability Pragmatics

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Simulation Experiment Schemas -Beyond Tools and Simulation Approaches

Simulation Experiment Schemas -Beyond Tools and Simulation A...

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2019 Winter Simulation Conference, WSC 2019

作者： Wilsdorf, Pia Dombrowsky, Marcus Uhrmacher, Adelinde M. Zimmermann, Julius Rienen, Ursula Van University of Rostock Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing Rostock18059 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132839

Simulation studies make use of various types of simulation experiments. For users, specifying these experiments is a demanding task since the specification depends on the experiment type and the idiosyncrasies of the used tools. Thus, we present an experiment generation procedure that guides users through the specification process, and abstracts away from the concrete execution environment. This abstraction is achieved by (1) developing schemas that define the properties of simulation experiments and dependencies between them, (2) specifying a mapping between schema properties and template fragments in the specification language of a target backend. We develop schema, template fragments, and mappings for stochastic discrete-event simulation, and show how the concepts can be transported to a different domain of modeling and simulation. Further, we expand the developed simple experiment schemas by a schema for experiment designs, and generate executable sensitivity analysis experiments, thereby demonstrating versatility and composability of our approach. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Mapping

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Simulation Studies of Social Systems – Telling the Story Based on Provenance Patterns

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Reinhardt, Oliver Prike, Toby Hinsch, Martin Bijak, Jakub Wilsdorf, Pia Uhrmacher, Adelinde M. Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock Germany School of Psychological Science University of Western Australia Australia MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit University of Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Social Statistics and Demography University of Southampton United Kingdom

Social simulation studies are complex. They typically combine various sources of data and hypotheses, that are integrated by intertwined processes of model building, simulation experiment execution, and analysis. Various documentation approaches exist to support the transparency and traceability of complex social simulation studies. In particular, provenance patterns can be used to capture central activities and entities of a simulation study. Entities can include, simulation models, experiments, or research questions, and activities – model building, calibration, validation, and analysis. The exploitation of provenance standards enables information on sources and activities, which contribute to the generation of an entity, to be queryable and computationally accessible. In this study, we refine the provenance pattern-based approach to address specific challenges of social agent-based simulation studies. Specifically, we focus on the activities and entities involved in collecting and analyzing primary data about human decisions, and the collection and quality assessment of secondary data. We illustrate the potential of this approach by applying it to central activities and results of the Bayesian Agent-Based Population Studies project and by presenting its implementation in a web-based tool. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Model buildings

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Comparison of CNN visualization methods to aid model interpretability for detecting alzheimer’s disease

Comparison of CNN visualization methods to aid model interpr...

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International workshop on Algorithmen - Systeme - Anwendungen, 2020

作者： Dyrba, Martin Pallath, Arjun H. Marzban, Eman N. Rostock Germany Institute of Visual & Analytic Computing University of Rostock Rostock Germany University Medical Center Rostock Rostock Germany Biomedical Engineering and Systems Dept. Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Giza Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9783658292669

Advances in medical imaging and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made it possible to achieve excellent diagnostic accuracy from CNNs comparable to human raters. However, CNNs are still not implemented in medical trials as they appear as a black box system and their inner workings cannot be properly explained. Therefore, it is essential to assess CNN relevance maps, which highlight regions that primarily contribute to the prediction. This study focuses on the comparison of algorithms for generating heatmaps to visually explain the learned patterns of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) classification. T1-weighted volumetric MRI data were entered into a 3D CNN. Heatmaps were then generated for different visualization methods using the iNNvestigate and keras-vis libraries. The model reached an area under the curve of 0.93 and 0.75 for separating AD dementia patients from controls and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment from controls, respectively. visualizations for the methods deep Taylor decomposition and layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) showed most reasonable results for individual patients matching expected brain regions. Other methods, such as Grad-CAM and guided backpropagation showed more scattered activations or random areas. For clinically research, deep Taylor decomposition and LRP showed most valuable network activation patterns. © Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2020.

关键词： Diagnosis

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A model-driven approach for conducting simulation experiments

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Wilsdorf, Pia Heller, Jakob Budde, Kai Zimmermann, Julius Warnke, Tom Haubelt, Christian Timmermann, Dirk van Rienen, Ursula Uhrmacher, Adelinde M. Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock 18051 Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18051 Germany Institute of General Electrical Engineering University of Rostock 18051 Germany

With the increasing complexity of simulation studies, and thus increasing complexity of simulation experiments, there is a high demand for better support for their conduction. Recently, model-driven approaches have been explored for facilitating the specification, execution, and reproducibility of simulation experiments. However, a more general approach that is suited for a variety of modeling and simulation areas, experiment types, and tools, which also allows for further automation, is still missing. Therefore, we present a novel model-driven engineering (MDE) framework for simulation studies that extends the state-of-the-art by means for knowledge sharing across domains, increased productivity and quality of complex simulation experiments, as well as reusability and automation. We demonstrate the practicality of our approach using case studies from three different fields of simulation (stochastic discrete-event simulation of a cell signaling pathway, virtual prototyping of a neurostimulator, and finite element analysis of electric fields), and various experiment types (global sensitivity analysis, time course analysis, and convergence testing). The proposed framework can be the starting point for further automation of simulation experiments, and therefore can assist in conducting simulation studies in a more systematic and effective manner. For example, based on this MDE framework, approaches for automatically selecting and parametrizing experimentation methods, or for planning following activities depending on the context of the simulation study, could be developed. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Formal specification

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Modelling Migration: Decisions, Processes and Outcomes

Modelling Migration: Decisions, Processes and Outcomes

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Jakub Bijak Philip A. Higham Jason Hilton Martin Hinsch Sarah Nurse Toby Prike Peter W.F. Smith Oliver Reinhardt Adelinde M. Uhrmacher Psychology University of Southampton Southampton UK Institute of Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock Rostock GERMANY

ISBN: (数字)9781728194998

ISBN: (纸本)9781728195001

Human migration is uncertain and complex, and some of its distinct features, such as migration routes, can emerge and change very rapidly. Agency of various actors is one key reason for why migration eludes attempts at its theoretical description, explanation and prediction. To address the complexity challenges through simulation models, which would coherently link micro-level decisions with macro-level processes, a coherent model design and construction process is needed. Here, we present such a process alongside its five building blocks: an agent-based simulation of migration route formation, resembling the recent asylum migration to Europe; an evaluation framework for migration data; psychological experiments eliciting decisions under uncertainty; the choice of a programming language and modelling formalisms; and statistical analysis with Bayesian meta-modelling based on Gaussian Process assumptions and experimental design principles. This process allows to identify knowledge advancements that can be achieved through modelling, and to elucidate the remaining knowledge gaps.

关键词： analytical models Uncertainty Statistical analysis Psychology Europe Gaussian processes Data models

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Teaching a Modeling Process: Reflections from An Online Course

Teaching a Modeling Process: Reflections from An Online Cour...

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2021 Winter Simulation Conference, WSC 2021

作者： Bijak, Jakub Hilton, Jason Hinsch, Martin Lipscombe, Kim Nurse, Sarah Prike, Toby Smith, Peter W.F. Reinhardt, Oliver Uhrmacher, Adelinde M. Higham, Philip A. Grow, Andre University of Southampton Highfield Campus Department of Social Statistics and Demography SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock Rostock18059 Germany School of Psychology University of Southampton Highfield Campus SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Rostock18057 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665433112

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 posed unique challenges for academic and professional education, while at the same time offering opportunities related to the mass switching of the delivery of courses to the online mode. In this paper, we share the experience of organizing and delivering an online doctoral-level course on Agent-Based Modeling for Social Research. Our aim was to teach interdisciplinary content on various elements of the modeling process in a coherent and practical way. In the paper, we offer a critical assessment of different aspects of the course, related to content as well as organization and delivery. By looking at the course in the light of the current knowledge on good teaching and learning practices from the educational and psychological literature, and reflecting on the lessons learned, we offer a blueprint for designing and running complex, multi-thread simulation courses in an efficient way. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Teaching

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