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arXiv 2023年

作者： Skrodzki, M. Chaves-De-Plaza, N.F. Höllt, T. Eisemann, E. Hildebrandt, K. Computer Graphics and Visualization TU Delft Netherlands

Widely used pipelines for analyzing high-dimensional data utilize two-dimensional visualizations. These are created, for instance, via t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). A crucial element of the t-SNE embedding procedure is the perplexity hyperparameter. That is because the embedding structure varies when perplexity is changed. A suitable perplexity choice depends on the data set and the intended usage for the embedding. Therefore, perplexity is often chosen based on heuristics, intuition, and prior experience. This paper uncovers a linear relationship between perplexity and the data set size. Namely, we show that embeddings remain structurally consistent across data set samples when perplexity is adjusted accordingly. Qualitative and quantitative experimental results support these findings. This informs the visualization process, guiding the user when choosing a perplexity value. Finally, we outline several applications for the visualization of high-dimensional data via t-SNE based on this linear relationship. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： visualization

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Sonifying motor skills with Pizzicato, a game for motor behavior research

Sonifying motor skills with Pizzicato, a game for motor beha...

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IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games, CIG

作者： Martin Starkov Scott Jochems Joris Rijsdijk Ravi Snellenberg Luca Stoffels Amir Zaidi Rafael Bidarra Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

ISBN: (数字)9798350350678

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350685

Learning motor skills is essential to many different aspects of life, from big movements needed for sports to small and simple movements used in the rehabilitation of stroke patients. In recent years, sonification, i.e. using sounds as feedback for actions, has been researched as a promising technique for studying motor behavior. In particular, we explore how to use sonification to make the process of learning motor skills accessible and engaging. We posit that an interactive and gamified environment can increase the engagement in that process. Moreover, an enjoyable setting is more likely to stimulate repetition, an indispensable feature of any learning endeavor. We, therefore, designed and developed Pizzicato, a rhythm-based serious game that leads players to move their arms and hands to actively play music. The game uses a common webcam to track your hand movements: pinching one finger to the thumb at the right position and moment will play musical notes that pleasantly add up to a full musical track. Our player tests have shown that players find Pizzicato accessible and engaging, and report that playing the game gives them a strong sense of agency. Pizzicato was developed in collaboration with neuropsychology colleagues, who are now starting to use it as a flexible tool for motor behavior research, both for diagnostic and rehabilitation purposes.

关键词： visualization Tracking Webcams Thumb Music Collaboration Games

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Integrating GPU-Accelerated Tetrahedral Mesh Editing and Simulation 1

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11th International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications, SIMULTECH 2021

作者： Ströter, Daniel Halm, Andreas Krispel, Ulrich Mueller-Roemer, Johannes S. Fellner, Dieter W. Interactive Graphics Systems Group TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Fraunhofer Austria Research GmbH Vienna Austria Institute of Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization TU Graz Graz Austria Fraunhofer IGD Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783031231490

ISBN: (纸本)9783031231483

The use of computer-aided methods for the design of parts that must meet functional or stability requirements typically consists of an iterative cycle of design, physical simulation and testing or analysis, followed by redesign, etc. Each step is often performed with a domain-specific tool, e.g., a specific CAD modeling suite. This results in the need to convert the model representation between steps, such as meshing for finite element simulation for example. In recent work, a distributed application framework has been proposed that allows for the interactive modification and simulation of tetrahedral meshes derived from existing CAD models, e.g., to create customized versions of parts that were designed for mass production. This shortens the design cycle by eliminating the need for conversion and switching between tools. In this paper, we present a more detailed description and improvements to this architecture by using GPU parallelization not only for simulation but also for mesh editing, which leads to even shorter iteration cycles. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： computer aided design

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Learning Generic Local Shape Properties for Adaptive Super-Sampling

Learning Generic Local Shape Properties for Adaptive Super-S...

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43rd Annual Conference on European Association for computer graphics, EUROgraphics 2022

作者： Reinbold, Christian Westermann, Rüdiger Computer Graphics & Visualization Group Technische Universität München Garching Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783038681694

We propose a novel encoder/decoder-based neural network architecture that learns view-dependent shape and appearance of geometry represented by voxel representations. Since the network is trained on local geometry patches, it generalizes to arbitrary models. A geometry model is first encoded into a sparse voxel octree of features learned by a network, and this model representation can then be decoded by another network in-turn for the intended task. We utilize the network for adaptive supersampling in ray-tracing, to predict super-sampling patterns when seeing coarse-scale geometry. We discuss and evaluate the proposed network design, and demonstrate that the decoder network is compact and can be integrated seamlessly into on-chip ray-tracing kernels. We compare the results to previous screen-space super-sampling strategies as well as non-network-based world-space approaches. © 2022 The Author(s).

关键词： Geometry

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Stabilization and visual analysis of video-recorded sailing sessions

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2021年第1期4卷 258-267页

作者： Gijs M.W.Reichert Marcos Pieras Ricardo Marroquim Anna Vilanova Computer Graphics and Visualization Technical University DelftDelft 2628CDThe Netherlands Visualization Group Technical University EindhovenEindhovenAZ 5612The Netherlands

One common way to aid coaching and seek to improve athletes’performance is by recording training sessions for posterior *** the case of sailing,coaches record videos from another boat,but usually rely on handheld devices,which may lead to issues with the footage and missing important *** the other hand,by autonomously recording the entire session with a fixed camera,the analysis becomes challenging owing to the length of the video and possible stabilization *** this work,we aim to facilitate the analysis of such full-session videos by automatically extracting maneuvers and providing a visualization framework to readily locate interesting ***,we address issues related to image ***,an evaluation of the framework points to the benefits of video stabilization in this scenario and an appropriate accuracy of the maneuver detection method.

关键词： visualization Sports Visual-analytics

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An Immersive Method for Extracting Structural Information from Unorganized Point Clouds

An Immersive Method for Extracting Structural Information fr...

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Nicograph International (NicoInt)

作者： Zhongyuan Yu Tianfang Lin Stefan Gumhold Matthew McGinity Immersive Experience Lab TU Dresden Chair of Computer Graphics and Visualization TU Dresden

ISBN: (数字)9798350386882

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386899

Point clouds find extensive applications across diverse domains such as construction, architecture, and archaeology due to their capacity to encapsulate rich datasets. Given the density and detail of these datasets, extracting accurate structural information (geometrical and connectivity information) demands sophisticated algorithms and tools. The recent advancements in virtual reality (VR) technology and rendering techniques have significantly elevated the ability to visualize these point cloud datasets, affording users an immersive experience within the data. This immersive capability holds the potential to streamline the process of extracting valuable information from these datasets. In this work, we explore the feasibility of extracting and visualizing structural information from point clouds with immersive interfaces. We propose strategies to enhance human perception of the underlying structure and interactive methods to extract face, edge, vertex, and connectivity data from the raw, unorganized point clouds. Our method is evaluated based on public datasets. We believe our work represents a promising attempt to integrate human insights into the data processing pipeline.

关键词： Point cloud compression Geometry Pipelines Data visualization Prototypes Immersive experience Rendering (computer graphics)

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Efficient Point Cloud Skeletonization with Locally Adaptive L1-Medial Projection 30

Efficient Point Cloud Skeletonization with Locally Adaptive ...

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30th International Conference in Central Europe on computer graphics, visualization and computer Vision, WSCG 2022

作者： Lengauer, Stefan Houska, Peter Preiner, Reinhold Institute of Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 16c Graz8010 Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9788086943336

3D line skeletons are simplistic representations of a shape's topology which are used for a wide variety of geometry-processing tasks, including shape recognition, retrieval, and reconstruction. Numerous methods have been proposed to generate a skeleton from a given 3D shape. While mesh-based methods can exploit existing knowledge about the shape's topology and orientation, point-based techniques often resort to precomputed per-point normals to ensure robustness. In contrast, previously proposed techniques for unprocessed point clouds either exhibit inferior robustness or require expensive operations, which in turn increases computation time. In this paper, we present a new and highly efficient skeletonization approach for raw point cloud data, which produces overall competitive results compared to previous work, while exhibiting much lower computation times. Our algorithm performs robustly in the face of noisy and fragmented inputs, as they are usually obtained from real-world 3D scans. We achieve this by first transferring the input point cloud into a Gaussian mixture model (GMM), obtaining a more compact representation of the surface. Our method then iteratively projects a small subset of the points into local L1-medians, yielding a rough outline of the shape's skeleton. Finally, we present a new branch detection technique to obtain a coherent line skeleton from those projected points. We demonstrate the capabilities of our proposed method by extracting the line skeletons of a diverse selection of input shapes and evaluating their visual appearance as well as the efficiency compared to alternative state-of-the-art methods. © 2022 University of West Bohemia. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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A Constructivism-based Approach to Treemap Literacy in the Classroom

A Constructivism-based Approach to Treemap Literacy in the C...

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44th Annual Conference on European Association for computer graphics, EUROgraphics 2023

作者： Firat, Elif E. Lang, Colm Srinivas, Bhumika Peng, Ilena Laramee, Robert S. Joshi, Alark Department of Computer Engineering Cukurova University Turkey Visualization and Graphics Lab Department of Computer Science University of San Francisco CA United States School of Computer Science University of Nottingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783038682103

Treemaps are a popular representation to show hierarchical as well as part-to-whole relationships in data. While most students are aware of node-link representations/network diagrams based on their K-12 education, treemaps are often a novel representation to them. We present our experience of developing a software using principles from constructivism to help students understand treemaps using linked, side-by-side views of a node-link diagram and a treemap of the same data. Based on the qualitative survey conducted at the end of the intervention, students found the linked views to be beneficial for understanding hierarchical representation of data using treemaps. © 2023 The Authors.

关键词： Students

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GraMMaCAD: INTERACTIVELY DEFINING SPATIALLY VARYING FGMS ON BREP CAD MODELS

GraMMaCAD: INTERACTIVELY DEFINING SPATIALLY VARYING FGMS ON ...

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ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and computers and Information in Engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2022

作者： Luu, Thu Huong Altenhofen, Christian Stork, André Fellner, Dieter TU Darmstadt Interactive Graphics Systems Group Darmstadt64283 Germany Fraunhofer IGD Darmstadt64283 Germany Graz University of Technology Institute of Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization Graz8010 Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9780791886212

Additive manufacturing (AM) has enabled control over heterogeneous materials and structures in ways that were not previously possible, including functionally graded materials (FGM). However, typical computer aided design (CAD) systems – mainly based on boundary representations (B-Rep) – are not built for modeling and representing spatially varying material information, which are the key features for designing FGM parts. While volumetric representations (V-Rep) such as tetrahedral or hexahedral meshes, trivariate splines or subdivision solids can hold the necessary FGM information, they are by default not compatible with existing CAD models. Thus, the capabilities of AM motivate enhancing CAD systems to support volumetric material allocation and distribution. We present an interactive, intuitive and efficient interaction concept based on grading features and transition functions for augmenting CAD models with smooth volumetric material gradients for multi-material fabrication using our system called GraMMaCAD (Graded Multi-Material CAD). This concept has the advantage of being extremely versatile, since the material property functions are left to the arbitrariness of the user, who is free to modify their definition as needed. By providing interactive preview modes, the system allows for efficient exploration of the volumetric gradation of the designed FGM part. We fabricated two functional examples that demonstrate the usability of the system and show the ability to quickly augment models with functionally graded material transitions. Copyright © 2022 by ASME.

关键词： Functionally graded materials

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Stereo Conversion with Disparity-Aware Warping, Compositing and Inpainting

Stereo Conversion with Disparity-Aware Warping, Compositing ...

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IEEE Workshop on Applications of computer Vision (WACV)

作者： Lukas Mehl Andrés Bruhn Markus Gross Christopher Schroers Institute for Visualization and Interactive Systems University of Stuttgart Department of Computer Science Computer Graphics Lab ETH Zurich DisneyResearch|Studios Switzerland

Despite of exciting advances in image-based rendering and novel view synthesis, it is still challenging to achieve high-resolution results that can reach production-level quality when applying such methods to the task of stereo conversion. At the same time, only very few dedicated stereo conversion approaches exist, which also fall short in terms of the required quality. Hence, in this paper, we present a novel method for high-resolution 2D-to-3D conversion. It is fully differentiable in all of its stages and performs disparity-informed warping, consistent foreground-background compositing, and background-aware inpainting. To enable temporal consistency in the resulting video, we propose a strategy to integrate information from additional video frames. Extensive ablation studies validate our design choices, leading to a fully automatic model that outperforms existing approaches by a large margin (49-70% LPIPS error reduction). Finally, inspired from current practices in manual stereo conversion, we introduce optional interactive tools into our model, which allow to steer the conversion process and make it significantly more applicable for 3D film production.

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