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Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

作者： Hudson, Scott Newell, Gary Graphics Visualization and Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Teehnology Atlanta 30332-0280 GA United States Department of Computer Science University of Arizona Tucson 85721 AZ United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897915496

Traditional models of input work on the assumption that inputs delivered to a system are fairly certain to have occurred as they are reported. However, a number of new input modalities, such as pen-based inputs, hand and body gesture inputs, and voice input, do not share this property. Inputs under these techniques are normally acquired by a process of recognition. As a result, each of these techniques makes mistakes and provides inputs which are approximate or uncertain. This paper considers some preliminry techniques for dialog management in the presence of this uncertainty. These techniques—including a new input model and a set of extended state machine abstractions—will explicitly model uncertainty and handle it as a normal and expected part of the input process.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis

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A hybrid web-based toolkit for human modeling

A hybrid web-based toolkit for human modeling

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1997 Scientific visualization Conference, dagstuhl 1997

作者： Bender, M. Klein, R. Ebert, A. Rodrian, H. Computer Graphics Group Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern Germany Intelligent Visualization and Simulation Systems German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence GmbH Germany Human Modeling Department TECMATH GmbH and Co. KG Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0769505031

Modern web-based Scientific visualization applications try to overcome common limitations imposed by limited internet bandwidth, server bottlenecks or network latency. A further aspect is the desire to gain platform independence by solely using instruments which are platform independent by conception: the programming language Java, the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML), or the 3D API *** present a prototype of a hybrid web-based Scientific visualization system which makes use of the increasing computational power of modern desktop workstations and personal computers on the client side, and the superior performance provided by a powerful machine on the server side. In order to achieve high interaction rates and to balance computational load the user can dynamically assign selected tasks to his client or to the *** the scientific field of human modeling we have implemented a hybrid web-based toolkit for the modeling of human muscles and skin. Our application allows the on-line generation and manipulation of three-dimensional implicit muscle models in a heterogeneous network and it offers various parameters to adjust computation and response time versus rendering quality. © 1997 IEEE computer Society.

关键词： Heterogeneous networks

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Characteristics Analysis of Moving Conversations to Detect Events on Twitter 14

Characteristics Analysis of Moving Conversations to Detect E...

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14th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, ASONAM 2022

作者： Senaratne, Hansi Lehle, Dominic Schreck, Tobias Earth Observation Center German Aerospace Center Oberpfaffenhofen Germany Advanced Research & Technologies Avira Tettnang Germany Inst. of Computer Graphics & Knowledge Visualization Graz University of Technology Graz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781665456616

A conversation is an exchange of thoughts, news, or ideas about a particular topic between two or more people. On Twit-ter, hashtags allow its users to collate all conversations pertaining to a particular topic. The progressions that occur in such conversations through the geographic space, the time, or the thematic contexts, create trajectories of conversations on Twitter, and they can give us valuable insights into interesting events that take place around us. In this paper we develop an approach based on data analysis and visualisation, to (1) construct such conversation trajectories for chosen popular hashtags, (2) analyse the various geospatial-and content-characteristics of the conversation trajectories (e.g., distance variance, speed of propagation, topic diversity, or credibility) to determine co-located events, and (3) rank and sort the resulting conversation trajectories according to a user-defined interestingess-measure, to narrow down the search space for interesting conversation trajectories. Our approach is among the first to introduce the us-age of movement of conversations across geographic space and time for the exploratory detection and analysis of events, whereas most existing works use keyword-based text analysis to detect events on Twitter. All the three stages of the approach (construct, analyse, rank & sort) are presented in a visual-interactive interface that allows us to explore Twitter text data without extensive prior knowledge, and benefit from the pure exploratory capabilities of the tool. The usefulness of our approach is demonstrated as a proof-of-concept to detect sports-related events, where we were able to identify the outcome of a contest for Major League Baseball sportsmen on Twitter. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Trajectories

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Information technology for communities: Development of a web-based 3D visualization and cluster computing system for disaster management

Information technology for communities: Development of a web...

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121st ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: 360 Degrees of Engineering Education

作者： Jin, Ge Dekker, Gerald A. Moreland, John Nicolai, Barbara Jean Department of Computer Information Technology and Graphics College of Technology Purdue University Calumet United States Department of Computer Science Purdue University Calumet United States Center for Innovation through Visualization and Simulation Purdue University Calumet United States

Natural disasters can cause huge loss of life, enormous amounts of property damage to the local communities. Although it is impossible to avoid the natural disasters, human sufferings can be reduced by adopting information technologies to the disaster response missions. In this paper, a web-based 3D visualization and cluster computing system was developed to facilitate and expedite the resource distribution process during a disaster. Our disaster management system utilizes state-of- The- Art computing cluster with 16 nodes of Intel Xeon-E5 processors (16 cores per node) to process the emergency supply requests from the disaster victims, and calculate the optimal resource distribution routes with the consideration of the damaged transportation infrastructures. The optimized resource distribution problem was solved with distributed all pair shortest path algorithm and the vehicle routing algorithm. The web-based 3D visualization system was developed with Google earth engine to display the disaster areas, affected households and resource distribution routes. The computation result from the cluster was automatically uploaded to the web-based 3D visualization system, enabling the users to immediately see the optimal resource distribution routes in a virtual 3D environment. The visualization system is flexible and can be easily adapted to a Google earth enabled mobile devices, desktop monitors as well as a Cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE). A historical disaster data from the Northwest Indiana was used to demonstrate the functionalities of the developed system. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2013.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Texture-based visualization of unsteady 3d flow by real-time advection and volumetric illumination

Texture-based visualization of unsteady 3d flow by real-time...

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作者： Weiskopf, Daniel Schafhitzel, Tobias Ertl, Thomas IEEE Computer Society Graphics Visualization and Usability Lab. School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada Institute of Visualization and Interactive Systems University of Stuttgart Universitätsstr. 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany

This paper presents an interactive technique for the dense texture-based visualization of unsteady 3D flow, taking into account issues of computational efficiency and visual perception. High efficiency is achieved by a 3D graphics processing unit (QPU)-based texture advection mechanism that implements logical 3D grid structures by physical memory in the form of 2D textures. This approach results in fast read and write access to physical memory, independent of GPU architecture. Slice-based direct volume rendering is used for the final display. We investigate two alternative methods for the volumetric illumination of the result of texture advection: First, gradient-based illumination that employs a real-time computation of gradients, and, second, line-based lighting based on illumination in codimension 2. In addition to the Phong model, perception-guided rendering methods are considered, such as cool/warm shading, halo rendering, or color-based depth cueing. The problems of clutter and occlusion are addressed by supporting a volumetric importance function that enhances features of the flow and reduces visual complexity in less interesting regions. GPU implementation aspects, performance measurements, and a discussion of results are included to demonstrate our visualization approach. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Data visualization

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A Voxel-based rendering pipeline for large 3D line sets

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Kanzler, Mathias Rautenhaus, Marc Westermann, Rüdiger Computer Graphics and Visualization Group Technische Universität München Garching Germany

We present a voxel-based rendering pipeline for large 3D line sets that employs GPU ray-casting to achieve scalable rendering including transparency and global illumination effects that cannot be achieved with GPU rasterization. Even for opaque lines we demonstrate superior rendering performance compared to GPU rasterization of lines, and when transparency is used we can interactively render large amounts of lines that are infeasible to be rendered via rasterization. To achieve this, we propose a direction-preserving encoding of lines into a regular voxel grid, along with the quantization of directions using face-to-face connectivity in this grid. On the regular grid structure, parallel GPU ray-casting is used to determine visible fragments in correct visibility order. To enable interactive rendering of global illumination effects like low-frequency shadows and ambient occlusions, illumination simulation is performed during ray-casting on a level-of-detail (LoD) line representation that considers the number of lines and their lengths per voxel. In this way we can render effects which are very difficult to render via GPU rasterization. A detailed performance and quality evaluation compares our approach to rasterization-based rendering of lines. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transparency

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Evaluation of the Effect of a Virtual Avatar's Representation on Distance Perception in Immersive Virtual Environments

Evaluation of the Effect of a Virtual Avatar's Representatio...

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IEEE Virtual Reality Conference

作者： Dimitar Valkov John Martens Klaus Hinrichs Visualization and Computer Graphics (VisCG) Research Group Department of Computer Science at the University of Münster Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509008377

It is well known that distance estimation in immersive virtual reality environments suffers from compression when viewed from an egocentric perspective with a head mounted display. While previous research indicates that providing the user with a virtual avatar with high geometric and motion fidelity may alleviate this problem, little work has been done to investigate which properties of the avatar's representation influence the distance estimation and how. In this poster we report the results of an evaluation of the user's distance perception with different avatar representations. Our results indicate that anthropometric fidelity of the avatar has stronger effect on the distance perception than its visual fidelity.

关键词： 1.3.3 [computer graphics]: Three-Dimensional graphics and Realism-Virtual reality

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Novel uses of Pinch Gloves™ for virtual environment interaction techniques

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Virtual Reality 2002年第3期6卷 122-129页

作者： Bowman, D.A. Wingrave, C.A. Campbell, J.M. Ly, V.Q. Rhoton, C.J. Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech. Blacksburg VA United States College of Computing Graphics Visualization and Usability Center Georgia Institute of Technology GA United States Department of Computer Science (0106) Virginia Tech. Blacksburg VA 24061 United States

The usability of three-dimensional (3D) interaction techniques depends upon both the interface software and the physical devices used. However, little research has addressed the issue of mapping 3D input devices to interaction techniques and applications. This is especially crucial in the field of Virtual Environments (VEs), where there exists a wide range of potential 3D input devices. In this paper, we discuss the use of Pinch Gloves™ - gloves that report contact between two or more fingers - as input devices for VE systems. We begin with an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the gloves as a 3D input device. Next, we present a broad overview of three novel interaction techniques we have developed using the gloves, including a menu system, a text input technique, and a two-handed navigation technique. All three of these techniques have been evaluated for both usability and task performance. Finally, we speculate on further uses for the gloves. © Springer-Verlag London Ltd.

关键词： 3D Input Devices Interaction Techniques Pinch Gloves Usability Evaluation Virtual Environments

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Interactive focus+context rendering for hexahedral mesh inspection

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Neuhauser, Christoph Wang, Junpeng Westermann, Rüdiger Computer Graphics & Visualization Group Technische Universität München Garching Germany

The visual inspection of a hexahedral mesh with respect to element quality is difficult due to clutter and occlusions that are produced when rendering all element faces or their edges simultaneously. Current approaches overcome this problem by using focus on specific elements that are then rendered opaque, and carving away all elements occluding their view. In this work, we make use of advanced GPU shader functionality to generate a focus+context rendering that highlights the elements in a selected region and simultaneously conveys the global mesh structure in the surrounding. To achieve this, we propose a gradual transition from edge-based focus rendering to volumetric context rendering, by combining fragment shader-based edge and face rendering with per-pixel fragment lists. A fragment shader smoothly transitions between wireframe and face-based rendering, including focus-dependent rendering style and depth-dependent edge thickness and halos, and per-pixel fragment lists are used to blend fragments in correct visibility order. To maintain the global mesh structure in the context regions, we propose a new method to construct a sheet-based level-of-detail hierarchy and smoothly blend it with volumetric information. The user guides the exploration process by moving a lens-like hotspot. Since all operations are performed on the GPU, interactive frame rates are achieved even for large meshes. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Program processors

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An Immersive Method for Extracting Structural Information from Unorganized Point Clouds

An Immersive Method for Extracting Structural Information fr...

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Nicograph International (NicoInt)

作者： Zhongyuan Yu Tianfang Lin Stefan Gumhold Matthew McGinity Immersive Experience Lab TU Dresden Chair of Computer Graphics and Visualization TU Dresden

ISBN: (数字)9798350386882

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386899

Point clouds find extensive applications across diverse domains such as construction, architecture, and archaeology due to their capacity to encapsulate rich datasets. Given the density and detail of these datasets, extracting accurate structural information (geometrical and connectivity information) demands sophisticated algorithms and tools. The recent advancements in virtual reality (VR) technology and rendering techniques have significantly elevated the ability to visualize these point cloud datasets, affording users an immersive experience within the data. This immersive capability holds the potential to streamline the process of extracting valuable information from these datasets. In this work, we explore the feasibility of extracting and visualizing structural information from point clouds with immersive interfaces. We propose strategies to enhance human perception of the underlying structure and interactive methods to extract face, edge, vertex, and connectivity data from the raw, unorganized point clouds. Our method is evaluated based on public datasets. We believe our work represents a promising attempt to integrate human insights into the data processing pipeline.

关键词： Point cloud compression Geometry Pipelines Data visualization Prototypes Immersive experience Rendering (computer graphics)

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