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9th Annual IEEE Symposium on Information visualization, InfoVis 2003

作者： Jankun-Kelly, T.J. Ma, Kwan-Liu Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mississippi State University MS 39762 United States Visualization and Graphics Research Group Department of Computer Science University of California Davis CA 95616 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780381548

Graph and tree visualization techniques enable interactive exploration of complex relations while communicating topology. However, most existing techniques have not been designed for situations where visual information such as images is also present at each node and must be displayed. This paper presents MoireGraphs to address this need. MoireGraphs combine a new focus+context radial graph layout with a suite of interaction techniques (focus strength changing, radial rotation, level highlighting, secondary foci, animated transitions and node information) to assist in the exploration of graphs with visual nodes. The method is scalable to hundreds of displayed visual nodes. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： visualization

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MoireGraphs: radial focus+context visualization and interaction for graphs with visual nodes

MoireGraphs: radial focus+context visualization and interact...

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IEEE Symposium on Information visualization (INFOVIS)

作者： T.J. Jankun-Kelly Kwan-Liu Ma Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mississippi State University MS USA Visualization and Graphics Research Group Department of Computer Science University of California Davis CA USA

关键词： Focusing Tree graphs Topology Geometry Layout computer graphics Displays Animation Data visualization computer science

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Variance invariant adaptive temporal supersampling for motion blurring

Variance invariant adaptive temporal supersampling for motio...

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Pacific Conference on computer graphics and Applications

作者： D. Neilson Yee-Hong Yang Computer Graphics Research Group Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Canada

Adaptive temporal sampling, used to create motion blur in distributed ray tracing, generates more sample points in regions with motion blur than in regions without motion blur. When the number of sample points used on stationary objects in regions with motion blur exceeds the number of sample points used in other regions of the image, the variance in the color of the object can differ between the two regions. This paper identifies the cause of this variance discrepancy, and proposes a modification to existing adaptive temporal sampling algorithms which eliminated it. Our results demonstrate that the variance of stationary objects remains approximately the same throughout the entire image and that the proposed modification is capable of improving the running time of existing adaptive temporal sampling algorithms.

关键词： Image sampling Ray tracing computer graphics Rendering (computer graphics) Optical reflection Layout Equations Pixel Distributed computing Sampling methods

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Communication via eye blinks and eyebrow raises: Video-based human-computer interfaces

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Universal Access in the Information Society 2003年第4期2卷 359-373页

作者： Grauman, K. Betke, M. Lombardi, J. Gips, J. Bradski, G.R. Vision Interface Group AI Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Computer Science Department Boston University 111 Cummington St BostonMA02215 United States EagleEyes Computer Science Department Boston College Fulton Hall Chestnut HillMA02467 United States Vision Graphics and Pattern Recognition Microcomputer Research Laboratory Intel Corporation SC12-303 2200 Mission College Blvd Santa ClaraCA95054-1537 United States

Two video-based human-computer interaction tools are introduced that can activate a binary switch and issue a selection command. "BlinkLink," as the first tool is called, automatically detects a user's eye blinks and accurately measures their durations. The system is intended to provide an alternate input modality to allow people with severe disabilities to access a computer. Voluntary long blinks trigger mouse clicks, while involuntary short blinks are ignored. The system enables communication using "blink patterns:" sequences of long and short blinks which are interpreted as semiotic messages. The second tool, "EyebrowClicker," automatically detects when a user raises his or her eyebrows and then triggers a mouse click. Both systems can initialize themselves, track the eyes at frame rate, and recover in the event of errors. No special lighting is required. The systems have been tested with interactive games and a spelling program. Results demonstrate overall detection accuracy of 95.6% for BlinkLink and 89.0% for EyebrowClicker. © Springer-Verlag 2003.

关键词： computer vision

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Remote computing environment compensating for brain shift

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computer Aided Surgery 2003年第4期8卷 169-179页

作者： Hastreiter, Peter Engel, Klaus Soza, Grzegorz Wolf, Matthias Ganslandt, Oliver Fahlbusch, Rudolf Greiner, Gnther Ximsky, Christopher Department of Neurosurgery Neurocenter Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg D-91054 Erlangen Schwabachanlage 6. Germany Computer Graphics Group University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen Germany Visualization and Interactive Systems Group University of Stuttgart Erlangen Germany Knowledge Processing Group Bavarian Research Center for Knowledge-Based Systems Erlangen Germany

Objective: Anatomical and functional image data become invalid during an operation due to brain shift. Compensation is achieved by using intraoperative imaging to update anatomical information. To accelerate the registration and visualization of pre- and intraoperative image data, the presented work focuses on remote computing capabilities. The underlying framework efficiently combines local desktop computers and remote high-end graphics workstations exploiting expensive hardware. Methods: By performing all computations on the remote computer, the MR volumes are rigidly aligned via voxel-based registration. Using graphics hardware for acceleration, all interpolation operations are performed with 3D texture-mapping hardware. A new approach then transforms functional markers from preoperative measurements to the intraoperative situation using an automatic tracking algorithm to identify corresponding sulci. Communicating Java viewers are suggested for analyzing the results interactively on a local computer, with all calculations being performed exclusively on the remote computer. Results: The suggested approach was successfully applied in S cases using MR data containing functional markers of MEG and fMRI measurements identifying eloquent brain areas. Remote large-scale graphics hardware was thereby efficiently made available for fast registration and interactive direct volume rendering in neurosurgery. Conclusion: Overall, the presented framework demonstrates efficient access of expensive high- end hardware remotely controlled by thin clients, and further emphasizes the need to compensate for brain shift in functional neuronavigation. © 2003 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D visualization brain shift registration remote computing

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Parallel cell projection rendering of adaptive mesh refinement data

Parallel cell projection rendering of adaptive mesh refineme...

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IEEE Symposium on Parallel and Large-Data visualization and graphics (PVG)

作者： G.H. Weber M. Ohler O. Kreylos J.M. Shalf E.W. Bethel B. Hamann G. Scheuermann Visualization Group National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA AG Graphische Datenverabeitung und Computergeometrie FB Informatik University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing (CIPIC) Department of Computer Science University of California Davis CA USA Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing Department of Computer Science University of California Davis CA USA

Adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) is a technique used in numerical simulations to automatically refine (or de-refine) certain regions of the physical domain in a finite difference calculation. AMR data consists of nested hierarchies of data grids. As AMR visualization is still a relatively unexplored topic, our work is motivated by the need to perform efficient visualization of large AMR data sets. We present a software algorithm for parallel direct volume rendering of AMR data using a cell-projection technique on several different parallel platforms. Our algorithm can use one of several different distribution methods, and we present performance results for each of these alternative approaches. By partitioning an AMR data set into blocks of constant resolution and estimating rendering costs of individual blocks using an application specific benchmark, it is possible to achieve even load balancing.

关键词： Adaptive mesh refinement Data visualization Rendering (computer graphics) Spatial resolution Partitioning algorithms Load management Parallel programming graphics Physics computing Computational efficiency

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A model for the visualization exploration process

A model for the visualization exploration process

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VIS 2002, IEEE Visualisation 2002

作者： Jankun-Kelly, T.J. Ma, Kwan-Liu Gertz, Michael Visualization and Graphics Res. Grp. Center for IPIC University of California Davis CA 95616 United States Database and Information Syst. Group Computer Science Department University of California Davis CA 95616 United States

The current state of the art in visualization research places a strong emphasis on different techniques to derive insight from disparate types of data. However, little work has investigated the visualization process itself. The information content of the visualization process-the results, history, and relationships between those results-is addressed by this work. A characterization of the visualization process is discussed, leading to a general model of the visualization exploration process. The model, based upon a new parameter derivation calculus, can be used for automated reporting, analysis, or visualized directly. An XML-based language for expressing visualization sessions using the model is also described. These sessions can then be shared and reused by collaborators. The model, along with the XML representation, provides an effective means to utilize the information within the visualization process to further data exploration.

关键词： visualization

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A Study of Transfer Function Generation for Time-Varying Volume Data 2

A Study of Transfer Function Generation for Time-Varying Vol...

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2nd IEEE TCVG / Eurographics International Workshop on Volume graphics, VG 2001

作者： Jankun-Kelly, T.J. Ma, Kwan-Liu Visualization And Graphics Research Group Center For Image Processing And Integrated Computing University Of California Department Of Computer Science DavisCA95616 United States

ISBN: (纸本)321183737X

The proper usage and creation of transfer functions for time-varying data sets is an often ignored problem in volume visualization. Although methods and guidelines exist for time-invariant data, little formal study for the timevarying case has been performed. This paper examines this problem, and reports the study that we have conducted to determine how the dynamic behavior of time-varying data may be captured by a single or small set of transfer functions. The criteria which dictate when more than one transfer function is needed were also investigated. Four data sets with different temporal characteristics were used for our study. Results obtained using two different classes of methods are discussed, along with lessons learned. These methods, including a new multiresolution opacity map approach, can be used for semi-automatic generation of transfer functions to explore large-scale time-varying data sets. © VG 2001. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transfer functions

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Real-time out-of-core visualization of particle traces

Real-time out-of-core visualization of particle traces

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IEEE Symposium on Parallel and Large-Data visualization and graphics (PVG)

作者： R. Bruckschen F. Kuester B. Hamann K.I. Joy Visualization and Graphics Research Group Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing Department of Computer Science University of California Davis CA USA Visualization and Interactive Systems Group Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Irvine CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780372239

visualization of particle traces provides intuitive and efficient means for the exploration and analysis of complex vector fields. The paper presents a method suitable for the real-time visualization of arbitrarily large time-varying vector fields in virtual environments. We describe an out-of-core scheme in which two distinct pre-processing and rendering components enable real-time data streaming and visualization. The presented approach yields low-latency application start-up times and small memory footprints. The described system was used to implement a "volumetric fog lance," which can emit up to 60000 particles into a flow field while maintaining an interactive frame rate of 60 frames per second. All algorithms were specifically designed to support commodity hardware. The proof-of-concept system is running on a low-cost Linux workstation equipped with a 120 GB E-IDE RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disk) system.

关键词： Data visualization Computational modeling Computational fluid dynamics Motion pictures Hardware computer graphics Interactive systems Image processing computer science Image analysis

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MIT educators share success

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computer graphics (ACM) 2001年第1期35卷 20-23页

作者： Wolfe, Rosalee Belcher, John W. Mark Bessette, R. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Astrophysics Division MIT Physics Department Studio/TEAL Project MIT New England 3D Studio Max Users Group Physics Demonstration Group MIT Department of Physics Center for Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Educational Computing Initiatives Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Graphics and Human-Computer Interaction School of Computer Science Telecommunications and Information Systems DePaul University School of Computer Science DePaul University Chicago IL 60604

Professor John Belcher developed a series of short videos with animation and text of selected experiments to properly demonstrate the phenomena of electromagnetism. Such 3D animations are visually compelling, instilling in the student both a sense of wonder about the phenomena and a mental model of why and how it works. The products of these approach includes video clips of demonstrations, 3D animations of these demonstration which display time changing field-lines as a guide to understanding their dynamical effects and Java applets which allow the student to actively construct and animate 2D field lines for varying configurations of sources. These technologies are also implemented to develop animations for Faraday's insights, using video clips.

关键词： computer graphics

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