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Dual Catalysis of Gold Nanoclusters: Photocatalytic Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling by Cooperation of Superatomic Core and Molecularly Modified Staples**

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第2期136卷

作者： Dr. Katsuhiro Isozaki Kenta Iseri Ryohei Saito Kyosuke Ueda Prof. Dr. Masaharu Nakamura International Research Center for Elements Science Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Funding acquisition (equal) Methodology (lead) Project administration (lead) Resources (lead) Software (lead) Supervision (lead) Validation (lead) Visualization (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Investigation (lead) Methodology (lead) Writing - original draft (supporting) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal) Supervision (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal)

Thiolate-protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have attracted significant attention as nano-catalysts, revealing a superatomic core and gold-thiolate staples as distinct structural units. Here, we demonstrate the unprecedented dual catalytic activity of thiolate-protected [Au 25 (SR) 18 ] − nanoclusters, involving both photosensitized 1 O 2 generation by the Au 13 superatomic core and catalytic carbon-carbon bond formation facilitated by Au 2 (SR) 3 staples. This synergistic combination of two different catalytic units enables efficient cross-dehydrogenative coupling of terminal alkynes and tertiary aliphatic amines to afford propargylamines in high yields of up to 93 %. Mixed-ligand AuNCs bearing both thiolate and alkynyl ligands revealed the intermediacy of the alkynyl-exchanged AuNCs toward both photosensitization and C−C bond-forming catalytic cycles. Density functional theory calculations also supported the intermediacy of the alkynyl-exchanged AuNCs. Thus, the use of ligand-protected metal nanoclusters has enabled the development of an exceptional multifunctional catalyst, wherein distinct nanocluster components facilitate cooperative photo- and chemo-catalysis.

关键词： Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Dual Catalysis Gold Nanocluster Intermolecular Interaction Photocatalyst

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The equity group: Supporting Cochrane's social responsibility of improving health equity

Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods

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Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods 2023年第3期1卷 e12012页

作者： Roses Parker Jennifer Petkovic Jordi Pardo Pardo Andrea Darzi Omar Dewidar Joanne Khabsa Elizabeth Kristjansson Tamara Lotfi Olivia Magwood Lawrence Mbuagbaw Kevin Pottie Alison Riddle Ammar Saad Eve Tomlinson Peter Tugwell Vivian Welch The Cochrane Collaboration London UK Contribution: Conceptualization Data curation Formal analysis Methodology Project administration Resources Validation Visualization Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Bruyère Research Institute and University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada Contribution: Conceptualization Data curation Formal analysis Methodology Supervision Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa Methods Centre Ottawa Ontario Canada Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada Department of Anesthesia Faculty of Health Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada Michael G. DeGroote National Pain Center McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada Contribution: Data curation Validation Visualization Writing - review & editing Contribution: Conceptualization Validation Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Clinical Research Institute American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon Contribution: Conceptualization Validation Writing - review & editing School of Psychology Faculty of Social Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada Bruyère Research Institute Ottawa Ontario Canada The Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada Department of Pediatrics McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada Biostatistics Unit Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton Ontario Canada Centre for Development of Best Practices in Health (CDBPH) Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Global Health Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Departments of Family Medicine Epidemiology and Biostatistics Western University London Ontario Canada School of Epidemiol

Introduction Health equity is a moral and ethical imperative for clinicians, researchers, policymakers, and all who use health research. Both Cochrane and the Campbell Collaboration have focused on health equity for many years. Methods The new Equity Group will continue and expand this work by designing a program of projects aiming to (1) promote equity in the evidence base, (2) ensure equitable processes for stakeholder engagement, (3) produce high-priority, equity-focused evidence syntheses, (4) build capacity for equity design, analysis, and reporting, and (5) promote equity in implementation tools. Results We will build on our current network of collaborators and create a group structure striving to recruit across the PROGRESS-Plus characteristics. Conclusion We invite readers to join our cause and contribute wherever they are able. Together, we can help Cochrane achieve its social responsibility of improving health equity at a planetary level.

关键词： diversity and inclusion evidence synthesis health equity PROGRESS-Plus social determinants of health stakeholder engagement systematic reviews

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Global Riverine Export of Dissolved Lignin Constrained by Hydrology, Geomorphology, and Land-Cover

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Global Biogeochemical Cycles 2023年第4期37卷 e2022GB007607-e2022GB007607页

作者： Hongyan Bao Ying Wu Xiaoqian Zhan Xiaona Wang Robert G. M. Spencer Peter J. Hernes Xiaojuan Feng Li-Chin Lee Jr-Chuan Huang Jingjing Zhang Hongwei Zhao Shuh-Ji Kao Jing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen China H. Bao and Y. Wu Contribution: Conceptualization Formal analysis Data curation Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Funding acquisition State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai China Contribution: Conceptualization Writing - review & editing Funding acquisition Contribution: Data curation Visualization Contribution: Data curation Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Science Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA Contribution: Writing - review & editing Department of Land Air and Water Resources University of California Davis CA USA State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Geography National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan University Haikou China Center for Eco-Environment Restoration of Hainan Province College of Environment and Ecology Hainan University Haikou China Contribution: Writing - review & editing Funding acquisition Contribution: Conceptualization Writing - review & editing

The land-to-ocean export of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) links the two largest organic carbon (OC) pools on Earth and is changing due to anthropogenic activity and climate change. Lignin phenols are often utilized as diagnostic markers for tDOM in aquatic systems, but information on the global dissolved lignin flux is still uncertain as linkages between future changes in export and global changes are poorly constrained. Thirty-two new measurements from 15 Chinese rivers and 548 measurements collected from 97 global rivers were combined to analyze its distributions, fluxes, and potential controls. Dissolved lignin concentrations (in μg L−1) varied by more than two orders of magnitude (0.7–138 μg L−1) and were positively correlated with dissolved OC (DOC) concentrations globally, suggesting coupled export of dissolved lignin and DOC. The carbon-normalized lignin yields (in mg g OC−1) varied by an order of magnitude (<1–30 mg (g OC)−1) and was significantly lower in the Arctic than in temperate and tropical rivers. Correlation analyses indicated that the dissolved lignin flux (FLignin) was mainly affected by water discharge and mean basin slope, while the area-normalized yield of dissolved lignin as well as discharge-weighted lignin concentration strongly and positively correlated with forest coverage. We, for the first time, estimated global FLignin ranges from 0.58 to 1.2 Tg yr−1 by using different approaches. Our synthesis reveals that future changes in land-cover that is driven by climate change as well as other human activities would impose a significant influence on the land-to-ocean export of tDOM.

关键词： dissolved lignin land-cover global flux terrestrial organic matter

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Ba12[BN2]6.67H4: A Disordered Anti-Skutterudite filled with Nitridoborate Anions

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第4期136卷

作者： Sophia L. Wandelt Dr. Alexander Mutschke Dr. Dmitry Khalyavin Jennifer Steinadler Prof. Dr. Antti J. Karttunen Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schnick Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Investigation (lead) Validation (equal) Visualization (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (equal) Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus in Novel Materials Department of Chemistry TU Munich Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching Germany Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) TU Munich Lichtenbergstr. 1 85748 Garching Germany Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting) Investigation (supporting) Validation (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ISIS Neutron and Muon Source Didcot OX11 0QX UK Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting) Investigation (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Aalto University P.O. Box 16100 00076 Aalto Finland Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting) Investigation (supporting) Resources (supporting) Validation (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Funding acquisition (lead) Project administration (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Validation (equal) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting)

Skutterudites are of high interest in current research due to their diversity of structures comprising empty, partially filled and filled variants, mostly based on metallic compounds. We herein present Ba 12 [BN 2 ] 6.67 H 4 , forming a non-metallic filled anti-skutterudite. It is accessed in a solid-state ampoule reaction from barium subnitride, boron nitride and barium hydride at 750 °C. Single-crystal X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data allowed to elucidate the structure in the cubic space group Im (no. 204). The barium and hydride atoms form a three-dimensional network consisting of corner-sharing HBa 6 octahedra and Ba 12 icosahedra. Slightly bent [BN 2 ] 3− units are located in the icosahedra and the voids in-between. 1 H and 11 B magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR experiments and vibrational spectroscopy further support the structure model. Quantum chemical calculations coincide well with experimental results and provide information about the electronic structure of Ba 12 [BN 2 ] 6.67 H 4 .

关键词： Hydrides MAS NMR Neutron Diffraction Nitridoborates Skutterudite

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Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies: A scoping review

Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods

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Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods 2023年第9期1卷 e12030页

作者： KM Saif-Ur-Rahman Ani Movsisyan Kavita Kothari Thomas Conway Marie Tierney Caoimhe Madden Petek Eylul Taneri Jane A. O'Halloran Nadra Nurdin Lena Murphy Deirdre Mulholland Andrea C. Tricco Declan Devane Evidence Synthesis Ireland and Cochrane Ireland University of Galway Galway Ireland School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Galway Galway Ireland Contribution: Conceptualization Data curation Formal analysis Funding acquisition Investigation Methodology Project administration Supervision Validation Visualization Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Consultant to Methods and Standards Team World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Contribution: Conceptualization Formal analysis Investigation Methodology Validation Writing - review & editing Consultant to Library & Digital Information Networks World Health Organization Kobe Japan Contribution: Data curation Methodology Resources Software Writing - review & editing HRB-Trials Methodology Research Network University of Galway Galway Ireland Contribution: Data curation Investigation Writing - review & editing School of Nursing Psychotherapy and Community Health Dublin City University Dublin Ireland UCD Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research (CEPHR) University College Dublin Dublin Ireland Royal College of Physicians Dublin Ireland Contribution: Data curation Investigation Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Occupational Health Healthy Workplace Unit Dublin North Ireland Public Health Health Service Executive Dublin Ireland Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Unity Health Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Epidemiology Division and Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada Contribution: Investigation Methodology Supervision Validation Writing - review & editing Contribution: Conceptualization Formal analysis Funding acquisition Investigation Methodology Project administration Resources Software Supervision Validati

Introduction Rapid identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections by testing potentially reduced coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) cases. Testing strategies varied across countries and during different stages of the pandemic. This scoping review aims to map the available evidence on the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies for suspected cases and asymptomatic populations to inform the development of World Health Organization recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies. Methods We followed the standard methods for scoping reviews. We searched Medline (OVID), EMBASE (Elsevier), and Europe PMC using a comprehensive search strategy. The search was conducted in January 2023 and covered the period from January 2020 to January 2023. Two review authors independently screened the titles and abstracts, and full texts. data were extracted onto a pilot-tested form by a review author and cross-checked by another review author. We provided a descriptive report summarizing the extracted data around the outcomes and created an interactive map of the available evidence using the evidence for policy and practice mapper. Results We identified 34,550 citations from the databases. After the screening, we included 17 studies from 11 countries for data extraction. The study designs were randomized controlled trials ( n = 3), nonrandomized experimental studies ( n = 3), cohort studies ( n = 3), cross-sectional studies ( n = 4), self-controlled case series ( n = 1), and economic evaluations ( n = 3). Among the included studies, 14 used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and 10 studies used antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic test. The settings of the studies were healthcare facilities ( n = 8), communities ( n = 4), schools, and workplaces ( n = 3). Included studies considered symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, or both, or asymptomatic contacts. Most of the studies ( n = 14) reported the COVID-19 positivity rate

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 scoping review testing strategy

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Photoinduzierte Metallonitrenbildung durch N2Abspaltung aus Azid-Diradikal-Liganden

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第42期135卷

作者： Luis I. Domenianni Markus Bauer Till Schmidt-Räntsch Jörg Lindner Sven Schneider Peter Vöhringer Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Wegelerstraße 12 53115 Bonn Deutschland Diese Autoren trugen gleichermaßen zu dieser Arbeit bei. Co-Erstautoren. Contribution: Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Software (equal) Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Institut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Methodology (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Funding acquisition (lead) Investigation (equal) Methodology (supporting) Project administration (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (supporting) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (lead) Investigation (equal) Methodology (lead) Project administration (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Visualization (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (equal)

Übergangsmetallnitride/nitrene sind vielversprechende Reagenzien für katalytischen Stickstoffatomtransfer, die in situ durch optisch induzierte N 2 -Eliminierung aus Azidkomplexen zugänglich sind. Um ihr synthetisches Potenzial für die Katalyse voll ausschöpfen zu können, ist ein grundlegendes Verständnis der primären photoinduzierten Prozesse und der stereoelektronischen Faktoren, welche die N 2 -Dissoziation kontrollieren, unerlässlich. Mit Hilfe von Femtosekunden-Infrarotspektroskopie klären wir hier die primären molekularen Mechanismen auf, die für die Bildung eines einzigartigen Platin(II)nitrens mit Triplett-Grundzustand aus einem geschlossenschaligen Platin(II)azidkomplex verantwortlich sind. Die spektroskopischen Daten in Kombination mit quantenchemischen Rechnungen ergeben einen konsistenten Mechanismus: Produktbildung erfordert die anfängliche Besetzung eines angeregten Singulett-Zustands mit anionischen Azid-Diradikal-Liganden, der an ein low-spin d 8 -konfiguriertes Pt II -Ion gebunden ist. Anschließende Interkombination erzeugt das an Platin gebundene Triplett-Aziddiradikal, welches sich durch N 2 -Verlust in einer nahezu barrierelosen, adiabatischen Dissoziation nahtlos in das Triplett-Nitren umwandelt. Unsere Daten unterstreichen die Bedeutung des produktiven, N 2 -freisetzenden Zustands mit Azid ππ* Charakter als Konstruktionsprinzip für den Zugang zu effizienten Stickstoffatomtransfer-Katalysatoren.

关键词： Azide Femtochemie Nitrene Platin Zeitaufgelöste Schwingungsspektroskopie

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Soil fungal and bacterial communities are altered by the incorporation of leaf litter containing a fungal endophyte

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European Journal of Soil Science 2022年第3期73卷

作者： Yuanyuan Jin Xuekai Wei James F. White Taixiang Chen Xiuzhang Li Zhenjiang Chen Chunjie Li State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems Lanzhou University Lanzhou China Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Lanzhou China Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry Ministry of Education Lanzhou China Gansu Tech Innovation Centre of Western China Grassland Industry Lanzhou China Centre for Grassland Microbiome Lanzhou University Lanzhou China College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Methodology (equal) Software (equal) Visualization (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Contribution: Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Methodology (equal) Resources (equal) Software (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Department of Plant Biology Rutgers University New Brunswick New Jersey USA Contribution: Funding acquisition (supporting) Validation (supporting) Writing - review & editing (lead) Contribution: Software (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science Qinghai University Xining China Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Visualization (supporting) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Funding acquisition (supporting) Project administration (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Funding acquisition (lead) Project administration (lead) Resources (supporting) Writing - review & editing (lead)

Litter decomposition plays a key role in nutrient cycling across ecosystems. The presence of Epichloë endophytes in grass plants affects litter decomposition. The overall effects of leaf litter containing Epichloë endophytes on the chemical and biological properties in non-rhizosphere soils have not previously been examined. The current study is aimed to understand the effect of direct incorporation of leaf litter from Epichloë endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) on soil chemical characteristics, and fungal and bacterial biodiversity. Firstly, fresh leaf litter of the endophyte Epichloë festucae var. lolii -infected (E+) and endophyte-free (E−) L. perenne were incorporated into the soil, and then samples were collected from E+ and E− litter incorporated soil at T 0 , T 1 , T 2 and T 3 (0, 120, 240 and 360 days) for chemical and sequencing analyses. The Epichloë -containing leaf litter incorporation changed the soil microbial environment by enhancing the soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus, NH 4 + –N and NO 3 − –N contents, and acidifying soil pH. The endophyte had stronger effects on soil bacteria than soil fungi when the litter was determined with and without the endophyte. Litter containing the Epichloë endophyte significantly increased the absolute abundance of the 16S rRNA gene and relative abundances of the Actinobacteria, Nitrospirae and Gemmatimonadetes, while significantly decreasing the relative abundances of the Planctomycetes and Rokubacteria and the diversity in soil bacteria community. There was no significant effect of endophyte-containing leaf litter incorporation on the absolute abundance and diversity of the soil fungal community except the increment in the relative abundance of Rozellomycota. Soil pH and the SOC-to-TN ratio (C:N) were the main factors influencing the soil bacterial community, and the presence of E. festucae var. lolii was directly and positively related to the soil bacterial diversi

关键词： amplicon sequencing Epichloë festucae var lolii litter incorporation Lolium perenne soil fungi and bacteria

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Intelligente elektrochemische Rasterzellmikroskopie für den Nachweis schneller Li-Ionen-Speicherung und Dynamik in TiO2-Nanopartikeln

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第9期135卷

作者： Dr. Emmanuel Batsa Tetteh Dimitrios Valavanis Dr. Enrico Daviddi Xiangdong Xu Dr. Carla Santana Santos Prof. Dr. Edgar Ventosa Dr. Daniel Martín-Yerga Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Schuhmann Prof. Dr. Patrick R. Unwin Department of Chemistry University of Warwick Coventry CV47AL Großbritannien Analytical Chemistry – Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Validation (equal) Writing - original draft (lead) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Formal analysis (equal) Software (lead) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Visualization (supporting) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Department of Chemistry University of Burgos Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n 09001 Burgos Spain Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Methodology (supporting) Supervision (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Methodology (equal) Supervision (equal) Validation (equal) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Project administration (equal) Resources (equal) Supervision (equal) Validation (supporting) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Methodology (equal) Project administration (equal) Resources (equal) Supervision (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal)

Anatas-TiO2 ist ein vielversprechendes Material für Li-Ionen-Batterien (Li + ) mit Schnellladefähigkeit. Die (De-)Interkalationsdynamik von Li + in TiO 2 ist jedoch nach wie vor schwer fassbar, und die beschriebenen Diffusivitäten überspannen viele Größenordnungen. Wir entwickeln ein intelligentes Protokoll für die rasterelektrochemische Zellmikroskopie (SECCM) in Kombination mit in situ optischer Mikroskopie (OM), um die Lade-/Entladeanalyse einzelner TiO 2 -Nanopartikel-Cluster mit hohem Durchsatz zu beobachten. Die direkte Untersuchung aktiver Nanopartikel ergab, dass TiO 2 mit einer Größe von ca. 50 nm mehr als 30 % der theoretischen Kapazität bei einer äußerst schnellen Lade-/Entladerate von ca. 100 C speichern kann. Dieser Nachweis einer schnellen Li + -Speicherung in TiO 2 -Partikeln stärkt ihr Potenzial für schnell ladende Batterien. Die hier vorgeschlagene SECCM-OM ist generell für das elektrochemische Hochdurchsatz-Screening von nanostrukturierten Materialien breit anwendbar.

关键词： Einzelpartikel Elektrochemische Rasterzellmikroskopie Li-Ionen Batterie Schnellladen Titandioxid

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In Situ Reprogramming of Tumor-Associated Macrophages with Internally and Externally Engineered Exosomes

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第11期135卷

作者： Dr. Lingmin Zhang Yinshan Lin Dr. Songpei Li Xiaoling Guan Xingyu Jiang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd Nanshan District 518055 Shenzhen Guangdong China Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University 511436 Guangzhou Guangdong China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Project administration (equal) Supervision (equal) Writing - review & editing (lead) Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Methodology (lead) Software (lead) Validation (lead) Visualization (lead) Contribution: Investigation (equal) Methodology (equal) Software (equal) Writing - original draft (lead) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Software (supporting) Validation (supporting) Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Funding acquisition (lead) Project administration (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead)

The reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has emerged as an efficient strategy for immunotherapy. However, most of the approaches did not allow the in situ reprogramming of TAM because their low efficiency, non-specificity, or potential side effects. Herein, we produced exosomes with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) internally engineered and the TAM specific peptide externally engineered onto the exosome membrane. The i nternally and e xternally e ngineered e xosomes ( IEEE , also named as I3E ) allowed the selective homing to tumor tissue and targeted to M2-like TAMs, which nearly repressed the expression of PI-3 kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) completely, and induced the TAMs polarizing to M1 both in vitro and in vivo. The polarized M1 macrophages awakened the “hot” tumor-immunity, causing the increase of T lymphocyte infiltration and the decrease of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and inhibiting the tumor growth significantly. I3E reprogramed TAMs in situ precisely and efficiently.

关键词： CRISPRi Engineered Exosomes In Situ Reprogramming Lung Cancer Tumor-Associated Macrophages

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Association between birth weight and the risk of chronic kidney disease in men and women: Findings from a large prospective cohort study

Medicine Advances

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Medicine Advances 2023年第1期1卷

作者： Lingyan Dai Juncheng Zhuang Li Fan Xia Zou Kei Hang Katie Chan Xueqing Yu Jie Li Global Health Research Center Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Southern Medical University Guangzhou China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Methodology (equal) Software (equal) Validation (equal) Visualization (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Faculty of Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Data curation (supporting) Investigation (equal) Project administration (equal) Resources (equal) Visualization (supporting) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (equal) Department of Nephrology Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Contribution: Writing - review & editing (supporting) Jie Li Global Health Research Center Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong 510080 China. Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Funding acquisition (equal) Investigation (equal) Resources (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) School of Public Health Southern Medical University Guangzhou China School of Medicine South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health School of Public Health Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA Xueqing Yu Department of Nephrology Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong 510080 China. Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Project administration (

Background The sex-specific associations between birth weight and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) later in life remain controversial. This study aimed to examine the shape of the relationship between birth weight and the risk of CKD in men and women. Methods A total of 277,252 participants free of CKD at baseline from the United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) prospective cohort were included in the analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the association between birth weight and the risk of incident CKD with adjustment for potential confounders. Results During a median follow-up of 11.9 years, we identified 13,030 (4.7%) CKD cases. Compared with normal birth weight (2.5–4.0 kg), low birth weight (LBW, <2.5 kg) was associated with an 11% higher risk of CKD in men (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.11 [95% CI 1.01–1.21]) and a 27% higher risk of CKD in women (HR: 1.27 [1.19–1.36]) ( p for interaction = 0.02). High birth weight (HBW, >4.0 kg) was associated with an 11% lower risk of CKD (HR: 0.89 [0.83–0.95]) in men but not in women (HR: 0.96 [0.89–1.04]) ( p for interaction = 0.13). Furthermore, the LBW-CKD association was stronger in obese (HR: 1.28 [1.18–1.39]) than in nonobese participants (HR: 1.16 [1.09–1.24], p for interaction = 0.03). Conclusions We found an L-shaped relationship between birth weight and the risk of CKD in women but a linear shape in men. The LBW-CKD association was mitigated to some extent by maintaining healthy body weight in adulthood. Our findings support the notion that the CKD risk should be managed from a lifecycle perspective.

关键词： birth weight chronic kidney dieases cohort study

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