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Local perceptions of anthropogenic and climate factors affecting the use and the conservation of Detarium microcarpum and Detarium senegalense in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

Integrative Conservation

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Integrative Conservation 2024年第1期3卷 58-75页

作者： Taonda, Adama Zerbo, Issouf Thiombiano, Adjima West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Biodiversity Université Félix Houphoüet–Boigny Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Centre Universitaire de Tenkodogo Université Thomas Sankara

Understanding local perceptions and the different uses of multipurpose plant species is essential for their sustainable management. Despite this, anthropogenic factors such as deforestation, overexploitation of natural resources, extension of agricultural lands, overgrazing, and bushfires, coupled with the adverse effects of climate change, are contributing to the loss of these species. This study analyses the perceptions of local communities in Burkina Faso regarding the threats to Detarium microcarpum and Detarium senegalense and their implications, aiming to contribute to the effective management and conservation of such species. Through individual semi-structured and focus group interviews with 465 local people, data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, plant parts used, use categories, threats and their effects, proposed solutions, and perceived conservation strategies. Descriptive statistics (consensus for plant part and relative frequency of citation), component analysis, and non-parametric analyses were used for data analysis. Results indicated that ethnicity, age, education level, and occupation were the most influential sociodemographic factors in relation to the use of these species. Six plant parts from both Detarium species are used across seven use categories, with fruits (0.40), trunks (0.16), and bark (0.27) being the most exploited. There was consensus among local populations regarding areas of abundance. Threat factors, their effects, and conservation solutions varied significantly according to site status. This study highlights the multipurpose uses of Detarium species throughout Burkina Faso and reveals that threats to these species are linked to the occupation and the status of each site. Sustainable use, effective conservation, and domestication of Detarium species should be considered to promote and sustain the exploitation of non-timber forest products. © 2024 The Authors. Integrative Conservation published by John Wiley & Sons

关键词： climate change Detarium species plant parts sustainable use threat factors

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Assessing Impacts of Climatic Parameters on Beekeeping Productivity in the North of Côte d’Ivoire

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American Journal of climate change 2025年第1期14卷 75-92页

作者： Salimata Ouattara Koffi Felix Kouamé Comlan Mawussi Koudegnan Chimène Assi-Kaudjhis Kossi Adjonou West African Scientific Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL) Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Disaster Risk ManagementUniversity of LoméLoméTogo Natural Environnent and Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory University Félix Houphouët-BoignyAbidjanCôte d’Ivoire Forest Research Laboratory University of LoméLoméTogo

In many parts of the world,beekeeping,a pillar of agricultural production and biodiversity conservation,is subject to the harmful effects of climate change and climate *** Côte d’Ivoire,no scientific study has examined the impact of climatic variations on beekeeping *** study aimed to assess the impact of climatic parameters on beekeeping in the Poro region,a bastion of beekeeping in Côte d’Ivoire,using the annual production of 11 avail-able *** beekeepers’perceptions of the impact of climatic varia-bility on their productivity were collected from semi-structured surveys using a *** sampling was used to interview 162 beekeepers who responded to the *** results showed that there has been an in-crease in average temperature over the years,with an average of 27.29˚C,and a deficit in rainfall since *** is a downward trend in production for 2 beekeepers,while there is no significant trend for the other 9 *** correlation between certain climatic variables and honey production showed that the average temperature(26˚C and 27˚C)over the last seven years of pro-duction had no significant impact on beekeeping in the region(r=0.02;p>0.05).On the other hand,rainfall had a significant impact on honey production(r=0.078;p<0.05).Beekeepers have a good knowledge of the impacts of cli-mate variability and recognize that it affects their *** adaptation strategies will be proposed to beekeepers to cope with climate impacts like the use of water tanks,transhumance,reforestation and changes in management *** is necessary to take into account the other climatic factors,all the environmental parameters and beekeeping management practices.

关键词： Climatic Variability Honey Production Beekeeping Poro Impacts

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Simulation of the Effects of SO2 Injection into the Stratosphere on Precipitation and Temperature Regimes in the Sahel,West Africa

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2025年第3期13卷 206-237页

作者： Tji Souleymane Coulibaly Souleymane Sanogo Cheick Diarra Moussa Ibrahim Maiga Issiaka Traore Laboratory of Optics of Spectroscopy and Atmospheric Sciences(LOSSA) Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of ScienceTechnologyand Technology of BamakoBamakoMali University Pedagogical Institute(UPI) BamakoMali West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL) Graduate Research Program on West African Climate System(GRP-WACS)AkureNigeria

To address global warming and its impact on the Sahel,particularly rising tem-peratures and changing precipitation patterns,this study explores Solar Radi-ation Management(SRM)through stratospheric aerosol injection(SAI).Using the IPSL-CM5A-LR model,we simulate the effects of SO2 injection on temper-ature and *** analyze data across three scenarios:historical greenhouse gas concentrations,RCP4.5 without SO2 injection,and RCP4.5 combined with SO2 geoengineering(G3).climate data for two future periods(2020-2050 and 2050-2080)are compared to historical data(1950-2005)to as-sess seasonal and spatial variations in climate *** study aims to evaluate the impact of SAI on temperature and precipitation in the Sahel,com-paring historical data with RCP4.5 and SAI *** seeks to determine SAI’s effectiveness in mitigating warming and identify potential side effects on the region’s climate from 2020 to *** indicate that stratospheric SO2 injection in the Sahel moderates seasonal temperatures,sustaining reductions through *** injection stabilizes temperatures,especially in sum-mer,potentially mitigating heat stress during the hot ***,SAI ex-hibits varied impacts on precipitation patterns across *** it en-hances rainfall in June and July,it generally reduces precipitation intensity in May,June,and *** effects underscore the complex interplay be-tween SAI and regional climate ***,stratospheric SO2 injection emerges as a promising tool for climate mitigation in the Sahel,offering both opportunities and challenges that warrant further investigation as global efforts to address climate change *** these dynamics is crucial for informed decision-making regarding climate intervention strategies in vul-nerable regions like the Sahel.

关键词： Geoengineering climate change Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Global Warming Sahel

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Review of Nigeria’s renewable energy policies with focus on biogas technology penetration and adoption

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Discover Energy 2024年第1期4卷 1-18页

作者： Nwankwo, Nnenna Cynthia Madougou, Saïdou Inoussa, Maman Maarouhi Okonkwo, Ebenezer Derkyi, Nana Sarfo Agyemang West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Uses (WASCAL) Graduate Research Program in Climate Change and Energy (GRP-CCE) Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Faculty of Education Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana

The Nigeria Government through the Energy Commission of Nigeria has been promoting biomass as one of the renewable energy sources with little emphasis on biogas technology. These efforts were meant to encourage the adoption of alternate sources of energy and shift from traditional forms of energy like firewood which have devastating effects on the environment. A policy reviewed of was conducted and identified that Nigeria’s Energy Policy has no technology listed to aggregate and deploy biogas as a tool for Nigeria’s climate goals and enhance energy access. This study aims to investigate through scientific and policy review of how biogas technology penetration could be legislated in the Nigeria energy policy. Works of literatures reviewed (over 70 scientific articles) revealed that policy among other factors is prominent as the main caveat that limits the penetration of biogas technology in many developing countries including Nigeria. Social acceptance, awareness and availability of feedstock are also regarded as part of the challenges facing adopting biogas technology as an alternative clean energy source. The current study has also presented a strategic policy framework that could be considered for biogas policy adoption. In addition, the study has revealed that identification and appropriate stakeholder consultation is key to enhance achieving a holistic policy that fully supports biogas technology in Nigeria. The study has provided robust policy recommendations for deploying biogas technology in the Nigeria energy policy.

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Flood Forecasting and Warning System: A Survey of Models and Their Applications in West Africa

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American Journal of climate change 2023年第1期12卷 1-20页

作者： Mohamed Fofana Julien Adounkpe Sam-Quarco Dotse Hamadoun Bokar Andrew Manoba Limantol Jean Hounkpe Isaac Larbi Adama Toure Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Water Resources West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Department of Applied Hydrology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Abomey-Calavi Benin National Water Institute University of Abomey Calavi Abomey Calavi Atlantic Benin School of Sustainable Development University of Environmental and Sustainable Development Somanya Ghana National Engineer School ENI-ABT Bamako Mali

Flood events occurrences and frequencies in the world are of immense worry for the stability of the economy and life safety. Africa continent is the third continent the most negatively affected by the flood events after Asia and Europe. Eastern Africa is the most hit in Africa. However, Africa continent is at the early stage in term of flood forecasting models development and implementation. Very few hydrological models for flood forecasting are available and implemented in Africa for the flood mitigation. And for the majority of the cases, they need to be improved because of the time evolution. Flash flood in Bamako (Mali) has been putting both human life and the economy in jeopardy. Studying this phenomenon, as to propose applicable solutions for its alleviation in Bamako is a great concern. Therefore, it is of upmost importance to know the existing scientific works related to this situation in Mali and elsewhere. The main aim was to point out the various solutions implemented by various local and international institutions, in order to fight against the flood events. Two types of methods are used for the flood events adaptation: the structural and non-structural methods. The structural methods are essentially based on the implementation of the structures like the dams, dykes, levees, etc. The problem of these methods is that they may reduce the volume of water that will inundate the area but are not efficient for the prediction of the coming floods and cannot alert the population with any lead time in advance. The non-structural methods are the one allowing to perform the prediction with acceptable lead time. They used the hydrological rainfall-runoff models and are the widely methods used for the flood adaptation. This review is more accentuated on the various types non-structural methods and their application in African countries in general and West African countries in particular with their strengths and weaknesses. Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (H

关键词： Flood Forecasting Hydrological Models climate change West

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land use land Cover change and Intensity Analysis of land Transformation in a Moist Semi-Deciduous Forest in Ghana

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Dembélé, Famoussa Guuroh, Reginald Tang Asare, Da-Costa Boakye Mensah Ansah, Padmore Boateng Da, Sié Sylvestre Aryee, Jeffrey N.A. Adu-Bredu, Stephen WASCAL Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Land Use Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of Ghana KNUST P. O. Box UP 63 Kumasi Ghana Department of Geomatic Engineering College of Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana WASCAL Competence Center 06 Box 9507 Ouagadougou 06 Burkina Faso Department of Meteorology and Climate Science College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

land use land cover change, particularly deforestation has significant implications for global climate and socio-ecological systems as well as resulting ecosystem services from natural systems. In Ghana, the demand for fuel, food, and fibre is projected to lead to significant expansion of croplands, resulting in degradation and deforestation of natural ecosystems. This research presents a spatiotemporal analysis of land use/cover change in the Bobiri forest and its surrounding areas in Ghana's moist semideciduous forest zone. The study aims to investigate land use change in the Bobiri Forest Reserve and its environs from 1986 to 2022, employing intensity analysis to analyse patterns and underlying causes. The methodology used measured land-cover changes at different levels, including intervals, categories, and transitions. The analysis revealed significant changes in land use intensity across different land classes. The overall rate of land use and land cover change exhibited acceleration, indicating extensive land development throughout the studied periods. Notably, cropland and non-vegetated areas experienced the most gains, while the closed forest class consistently declined. Transitions from forests to croplands were observed, highlighting the conversion of natural vegetation for agricultural purposes. Additionally, the results show that non-vegetated areas and croplands dominate the periphery of protected forest areas, influenced by existing legislative and policy frameworks. The study recommends a reconsideration of these policies to address land use decisions and prevent the conversion of non-protected forest areas. By incorporating these findings into land management and planning strategies, policymakers can promote sustainable development and conservation in Ghana's forested regions. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Remote sensing

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Inverter-based resources dominated grid: Voltage and frequency stability in a weakly interconnected power system

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e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy 2025年 12卷

作者： Dieng, Ndeye Khady Diop Wolter, Martin Thiaw, Lamine Manga, Adamou Ousmane West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Doctoral Research Program in Climate Change and Energy Universite Abdou Moumouni Niamey 10662 Niger Chair of Electrical Networks and renewable Energy Otto-von-Guercke-University Magdeburg 39106 Germany Ecole Superieure Polytechnique de Dakar Universite Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar 5005 Senegal Faculte des science et Techniques Universite Abdou Moumouni Niamey 10662 Niger

As power systems transition toward sustainable generation, the growing integration of inverter-based resources (IBR) poses challenges to secure power system operations, especially in grids with limited capacity. In this study, the large signal stability of the Senegalese transmission network in a condition of inverter-dominated grid is evaluated. Two IBR penetration rate scenarios were investigated: a base case with 57.7 % based on 2021 peak IBR and a second scenario with 66.8 % in DigSILENT PowerFactory. The voltage stability at critical buses and the frequency response of the system were analyzed against the grid code. The system response following a balanced triphase short circuit fault, where the impact of fault-clearing time and reactive power operation mode of PV plants was investigated. The frequency response is assessed following largest power infeed loss by plants technology (IBR or synchronous generator). The results demonstrate that inverter-dominated grid mainly impact frequency stability rather than voltage stability, with the disconnection of weaker PV plants during faults leading to underfrequency load shedding. High IBR penetration primarily resulted in weakening the connection point of the PV electrically distant from conventional power plants during faults. A fault clearing time exceeding the low voltage ride-through of PV plant and the cessation of reactive power injection by PV caused the trip of weaker PV plants. In summary a secure power system operation at 57.7 % and 66.8 % is achievable under the condition that the fault does not result in a generation loss that exceeds 5.2 % of the total dispatched power. © 2025

关键词： Frequency stability Inverter-dominated power system Large-scale photovoltaic power plant Voltage stability

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Could ERA5 Deliver Better climate Services Than ERA-Interim over the West African Sahel Region?

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2024年第4期13卷 144-158页

作者： Mahamane Rabilou Iro Ousmane Inoussa Abdou Saley Saidou Chaibou Abdoul Aziz Mounkaila Saley Moussa Kone Diakaria Ibrah Seidou Sanda Manga Ousmane Adamou Dungall Laouali Département de Physique Facultédes Sciences et TechniquesUniversitéAbdou MoumouniBP 10662NiameyNiger Diori Hamani International Airport BP 1096NiameyNiger West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL) Doctoral Research Program in Climate Change and Energy(DRP-CCE)Abdou Moumouni UniversityBP 10662NiameyNiger African School of Meteorology and Civil Aviation(EAMAC) B.P 746NiameyNiger Centre Climatique Régional pour l’Afrique de l’Ouest et Sahel(AGRHYMET-CCR-AOS) BP 11011NiameyNiger

Our paper assessed the improvement performance of the reanalysis(ERA5)compared to ERAI(ERA-Interim)both from the ECMWF(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast)in representing the WAM(West African Monsoon)*** aim is to evaluate the reliability of ERA5 to deliver better climate services than ERAI in the West African Sahel *** complementary observational databases namely the CRU(climate research Unit)and the GPCC(Global Precipitation Climatology Center)data are used to evaluate precipitation and temperature representation by the two ***,the representation of some major features of the WAM system,such as the SHL(Saharan Heat Low),the AEJ/TEJ(African and Tropical Easterly Jets)was assessed using the two reanalysis *** obtained results show a better representation of the seasonal accumulated precipitation and average temperature by ERA5 compared to ERAI with higher spatial correlation and lower bias relative to the ***,ERAI appears to be rainier than ERA5 but ERA5 produces more heavy rainfall *** the period of intense monsoon,the frequency of the SHL is higher for ERAI which would favor intensification of monsoon inflow and *** lower SHL frequency observed in the ERA5 could explain the observed weakening intensity of AEJ which is favorable for moist conditions over the *** findings confirm the progress made by ERA5 compared to ERAI in representing the WAM dynamic and demonstrate its reliability for delivering better climate services over the West African Sahel.

关键词： ERA5 ERAI West African Monsoon System Sahel SHL

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Sustainability assessment of groundwater in south-eastern parts of the western region of Ghana for water supply

Cleaner Water

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Cleaner Water 2024年 1卷

作者： Ernest Biney Bernard Akwasi Mintah Ernest Ankomah Albert Elikplim Agbenorhevi Daniel Buston Yankey Ernestina Annan Department of Geomatic Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology University Post Office Box PMB Kumasi Ghana WASCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Land Use Department of Civil Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Geological Engineering University of Mines and Technology Tarkwa Ghana Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Water Resources West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) University of Abomey-Calavi Benin

The study assessed the physicochemical and biological properties of selected groundwater sources in the Southeastern part of the Western Region, to assess the impact on water quality and health risk. The Piper Trilinear plot was used to categorize the water samples into water types based on the dominant anion and cation concentrations. Statistical analysis (One way ANOVA and two sample t-test) was used to determine the sources of variation in the data at 95% confidence interval. The Water Quality Index (WQI) and Hazard Quotient (HQ) were used to estimate the water quality and health risk respectively. TDS and turbidity were above the acceptable WHO guidelines in 16.7% of the samples with a mildly acidic pH in 83.3% of the water samples. Also, 91.7% of the water samples were contaminated with total coliform (TC) and 25% with e-coli. Generally, the groundwater samples were dominated by Ca 2+ and HCO 3- ion water types. The variations between parameters were found not significant for all the parameters (p>0.05). Water samples in the North are of good quality with a mean WQI of 96, but of poor quality in the South with a mean WQI of 144.6. HQ values for all the samples were less than 0.1, suggesting less harmful impacts of the heavy metal concentrations on human health. Overall, the results showed the presence of heavy metals in the groundwater sources sampled, however in quantities with low health risks either through oral or dermal channels. Groundwater within the communities is good for domestic purposes but needs treatment for drinking. To improve upon the study, it is recommended that further studies consider a higher number of samples and include other accessible groundwater stations where possible.

关键词： Health Risk Assessment Groundwater GIS Trace elements Water Quality Index

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Allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass in the tropical woodlands of Ghana, West Africa

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 539-561页

作者： Raymond Aabeyir Stephen Adu-Bredu Wilson Agyei Agyare Michael J.C.Weir Department of Environment and Resource Studies UDS-Wa CampusWaGhana WASCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Land Use KNUSTKumasiGhana Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Division CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of GhanaKumasiGhana Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering KNUSTKumasiGhana Department of Natural Resources Faculty of Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation(ITC)University of TwenteEnschedethe Netherlands

Background: Modelling aboveground biomass(AGB) in forest and woodland ecosystems is critical for accurate estimation of carbon stocks. However, scarcity of allometric models for predicting AGB remains an issue that has not been adequately addressed in Africa. In particular, locally developed models for estimating AGB in the tropical woodlands of Ghana have received little attention. In the absence of locally developed allometric models, Ghana will continue to use Tier 1 biomass data through the application of pantropic models. Without local allometric models it is not certain how Ghana would achieve Tier 2 and 3 levels under the United Nations programme for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. The objective of this study is to develop a mixedspecies allometric model for use in estimating AGB for the tropical woodlands in Ghana. Destructive sampling was carried out on 745 trees(as part of charcoal production) for the development of allometric equations. Diameter at breast height(dbh, i.e. 1.3 m above ground level), total tree height(H) and wood density(ρ) were used as predictors for the models. Seven models were compared and the best model selected based on model efficiency,bias(%) and corrected Akaike Information Criterion. The best model was validated by comparing its results with those of the pantropic model developed by Chave et al.(Glob Chang Biol 20:3177–3190, 2014) using equivalence test and conventional paired ***: The results revealed that the best model for estimating AGB in the tropical woodlands is AGB =0.0580ρ((dbh)2 H)0.999. The equivalence test showed that this model and the pantropic model developed by Chave et al.(Glob Chang Biol 20:3177–3190, 2014) were equivalent within ±10% of their mean predictions(p-values <0.0001 for one-tailed t-tests for both lower and upper bounds at 5% significant level), while the paired t-test revealed that the mean(181.44 ± 18.25 kg) of the model predictions of the best model of this s

关键词： Charcoal Diameter at breast height Tree height Wood density Savannah woodland

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