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Comparative analysis of various oxygen production techniques using multi-criteria decision-making methods

International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 17卷

作者： Aljaghoub, Haya Alasad, Shamma Alashkar, Adnan AlMallahi, Maryam Hasan, Ranem Obaideen, Khaled Alami, Abdul Hai Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering United Arab Emirates University Al Ain City United Arab Emirates Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sustainable Energy and Power Systems Research Center RISE University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Center for Advanced Materials Research University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

The current pandemic has adversely affected oxygen production and supply chain, where oxygen treatment is essential for the emergency treatment protocol of patients infected by the virus. This work reports on various techniques of oxygen generation methods, as well as the challenges facing its production, storage, and transportation. Moreover, this study offers a comparative analysis of various oxygen production techniques using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods (MCDM). Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), in addition to the weighting methodologies, Multiplicative Exponential Weighting (MEW) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) are chosen as tools to carry out the statistical analysis and rank the oxygen production methods. The ranking criteria includes cost, performance, environmental impact and safety. Moreover, this paper utilizes the Entropy Weight Method (EWM), Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) method, and the Stochastic Dominance (SD) method to distribute the criteria weights. The results show thar oxygen production using membrane technologies is the optimal technique based on all the provided tools and criteria. as it attained the maximum Entropy and Sd values of 0.548 through the TOPSIS method, and the highest CRITIC value through SAW and MEW methods which were 0.260 and 0.236, respectively. © 2022 The Author(s)

关键词： Stochastic systems

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A novel strategy towards the fabrication of highly stable and sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on Ni3N thin films using high power impulse magnetron sputtering

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Applied Surface science 2024年 669卷

作者： Pardhi, Nishchal Cheng, Wei-Chun Chen, Sheng-Chi Akshay Joshi, Shikha Govindasamy, Mani Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106 Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering and Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan College of Engineering and Center for Green Technology Chang Gung University Taoyuan333 Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore560012 India International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India Research Center for Intelligence Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan

Glucose level surveillance in mankind is considered the greatest need of recent times to achieve healthy lifestyle goals due to its health-related concern for humans. To fulfill the need, Nickel-based compounds emerge with excellent bio-mimic properties. However, due to the poor electrical properties of oxides and hydroxides of Ni, developing a supporting base that can enhance electron transportation is mandatory. The present work is dedicated to non-enzymatic glucose detection by electrochemical means on the Ni3N thin film on an Indium-doped Tin Oxide (ITO) substrate as a working electrode in an alkaline medium. The Ni3N films use HiPIMS as a deposition technique due to its high ionization rate of sputtered species and dense plasma which helps the Ni ions to react with nitrogen in the formation of a perfect Ni3N phase, and it is a green process that can contribute to sustainable manufacturing. Ni3N thin film deposited at a 60 % N2 flow ratio shows the largest crystallinity and catalytic properties, which helps this modified electrode to have significant potential for glucose detection. The Ni3N modified electrode acquires a lower linear range of 0.001–1.25 mM with sensitivity and Limit of Detection (LOD) of 337.46 µAmM–1cm−2, and 0.78 µM, respectively, and a higher linear range of 1.25–7.3161 mM with a sensitivity of 158.58 µAmM–1cm−2. The amperometric measurements reveal the fast response of the electrode towards glucose detection at 2.46 secs. The key measures of the electrode according to the corresponding measurements are satisfactory selectivity, reproducibility, repeatability, and operational stability. The modified electrode shows a significant response for real samples such as commercially available honey, apple juice, and biological fluids. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Thin films

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Connecting polymer collapse and the onset of jamming

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Physical Review E 2024年第3期109卷 034406-034406页

作者： Alex T. Grigas Aliza Fisher Mark D. Shattuck Corey S. O'Hern Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

Previous studies have shown that the interiors of proteins are densely packed, reaching packing fractions that are as large as those found for static packings of individual amino-acid-shaped particles. How can the interiors of proteins take on such high packing fractions given that amino acids are connected by peptide bonds and many amino acids are hydrophobic with attractive interactions? We investigate this question by comparing the structural and mechanical properties of collapsed attractive disk-shaped bead-spring polymers to those of three reference systems: static packings of repulsive disks, of attractive disks, and of repulsive disk-shaped bead-spring polymers. We show that the attractive systems quenched to temperatures below the glass transition T≪Tg and static packings of both repulsive disks and bead-spring polymers possess similar interior packing fractions. Previous studies have shown that static packings of repulsive disks are isostatic at jamming onset, i.e., the number of interparticle contacts Nc matches the number of degrees of freedom, which strongly influences their mechanical properties. We find that repulsive polymer packings are hypostatic at jamming onset (i.e., with fewer contacts than degrees of freedom) but are effectively isostatic when including stabilizing quartic modes, which give rise to quartic scaling of the potential energy with displacements along these modes. While attractive disk and polymer packings are often considered hyperstatic with excess contacts over the isostatic number, we identify a definition for interparticle contacts for which they can also be considered as effectively isostatic. As a result, we show that the mechanical properties (e.g., scaling of the potential energy with excess contact number and low-frequency contribution to the density of vibrational modes) of weakly attractive disk and polymer packings are similar to those of isostatic repulsive disk and polymer packings. Our results demonstrate that static

关键词： Jamming Polymer folding Protein folding Single polymer chains

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Formation of Oxygen Vacancies in Cr³⁺-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanofibers and Their Role in Generating Paramagnetism

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Biomedical materials and Devices 2025年第1期3卷 529-544页

作者： Carrera, Karime Huerta, Verónica Orozco, Victor Matutes, José Urbieta, Ana Fernández, Paloma Martínez, Fabián Graeve, Olivia A. Herrera, Manuel Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México BC Ensenada C.P. 22800 Mexico Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados Chih. Chihuahua C.P. 31136 Mexico Departamento de Física de Materiales Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid C.P. 28040 Spain Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093-0411 CA United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093-0411 CA United States

We demonstrate that doping hydroxyapatite (HAp) with Cr3+ ions induces oxygen vacancies, contributing to paramagnetism. Cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence analyses reveal increased oxygen vacancy formation in O... 详细信息

We demonstrate that doping hydroxyapatite (HAp) with Cr³⁺ ions induces oxygen vacancies, contributing to paramagnetism. Cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence analyses reveal increased oxygen vacancy formation in OH- and PO43- groups with rising Cr³⁺ concentrations, highlighted by stronger cathodoluminescence emissions at 2.57 and 2.95 eV and the photoluminescence emission at 3.32 eV. Raman spectroscopy shows new modes at 900 and 970 cm⁻¹, indicating distortion of the v₁ vibrational mode due to Cr³⁺ substitution at Ca(II) sites of the HAp lattice. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms Cr³⁺ in the HAp:Cr. Magnetometry reveals a shift from diamagnetism in pure HAp to increasing paramagnetism in HAp:Cr with higher Cr³⁺ content, achieving 0.0460 emu/g at 10 kOe with concentrations higher than 2.9 at.%. This paramagnetism is attributed to Cr³⁺ ions and singly ionized oxygen vacancies VO′ aligning along an external magnetic field, with VO′ formation linked to PO43- replacement by PO32- in HAp. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Cathodoluminescence Cr3+ Hydroxyapatite Oxygen vacancies Paramagnetism

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An application of conjugate gradient technique for determination of thermal conductivity as an inverse engineering problem

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materials Today: Proceedings 2021年 47卷 3082-3087页

作者： Vivek Pandey Addisu Bekele Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed Nand Jee Kanu Gyanendra Kumar Singh Department of Thermal and Aerospace Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Centre of Excellence for Advanced Manufacturing Engineering Program of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Department of Mechanical Engineering S. V. National Institute of Technology Surat India Department of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia

Inverse problems frequently occur when boundary conditions/thermal properties of a material are unknown, and are determined from known internal temperature measurements. A direct problem is the opposite of an inverse problem. For example, it would be the task of determining the temperature field within a material body, given boundary conditions and thermal properties. In an ill-posed, inverse problem, small variations in internal temperature measurement cause large variations in the estimated quantity such as boundary heat flux. Measured temperature variations may be due to noise, measurement error and instrumentation error, among other factors. There are various methods for solving inverse problems in materials engineering. In the paper, an inverse problem of estimating boundary heat flux for one-dimensional heat conduction is solved using the classical method of Beck and temperature dependent thermal conductivity is estimated using the more recent and advanced Conjugate Gradient method (CGM). The temperature values from the finite difference application to a direct heat transfer problem are used along with noise added to the data, in order to simulate real world, experimental conditions. The data is applied to the inverse problem of finding boundary heat flux and thermal conductivity. It is seen that Conjugate Gradient Method (CGM) along with sequential function specification method recovers the boundary heat flux and thermal conductivity quite accurately for noise levels of 1% and 2%. It is further observed that addition of future time steps stabilize the algorithm and increase accuracy of the desired results. It is also observed that CGM can recover the temperature dependent thermal conductivity quickly within few iterations, for different values of thermal conductivity function coefficients, k 0 and k 1 . CGM is found to be fast and robust when applied to one-dimensional case and can be extended to complex geometries.

关键词： Inverse problem Thermal conductivity Conjugate gradient

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Investigation of Sm Addition on Microstructural and Optical Properties of CoFe Thin Films

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materials 2023年第15期16卷 5380-5380页

作者： Liu, Wen-Jen Chang, Yung-Huang Chiang, Chia-Chin Lai, Jian-Xin Chen, Yuan-Tsung Chen, Hsiung-Liang Lin, Shih-Hung Department of Materials Science and Engineering I-Shou University Kaohsiung840 Taiwan Bachelor Program in Industrial Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou640301 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City80778 Taiwan Graduate School of Materials Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou640301 Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou640301 Taiwan

CoFe-based alloys and rare earth (RE) elements are among the most studied materials in applying magnetic devices to improve soft magnetic characteristics. A series of Co40Fe40Sm20 films are deposited on a glass substrate via the sputtering technique, followed by an annealing process to investigate their effect on microstructural and optical properties of Co40Fe40Sm20 films. In this study, the increase in the thickness of Co40Fe40Sm20 films and annealing temperatures resulted in a smoother surface morphology. The 40 nm Co40Fe40Sm20 films annealed 300 °C are expected to have good wear resistance and adhesive properties due to their high values of H/E ratio and surface energy. Optical transparency also increased due to the smoother surface of the Co40Fe40Sm20 films. © 2023 by the authors.

关键词： Iron alloys

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Skin Controlled Electronic and Neuromorphic Tattoos

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kireev, Dmitry Koripally, Nandu Liu, Samuel Fleming, Gabriella Coloyan Varkey, Philip Belle, Joseph Mohan, Sivasakthya Han, Sang Sub Xu, Dong Jung, Yeonwoong Duan, Xiangfeng Incorvia, Jean Anne C. Akinwande, Deji Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst AmherstMA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States NanoScience Technology Center University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States

Wearable human activity sensors developed in the past decade show a distinct trend of becoming thinner and more imperceptible while retaining their electrical qualities, with graphene e-tattoos, as the ultimate example. A persistent challenge in modern wearables, however, is signal degradation due to the distance between the sensor's recording site and the signal transmission medium. To address this, we propose here to directly utilize human skin as a signal transmission medium as well as using low-cost gel electrodes for rapid probing of 2D transistor-based wearables. We demonstrate that the hypodermis layer of the skin can effectively serve as an electrolyte, enabling electrical potential application to semiconducting films made from graphene and other 2D materials placed on top of the skin. Graphene transistor tattoos, when biased through the body, exhibit high charge carrier mobility (up to 6500 cm2V-1s-1) with MoS2 and PtSe2 transistors showing mobilities up to 30 cm2V-1s-1 and 1 cm2V-1s-1 respectively. Finally, by introducing a layer of Nafion to the device structure, we observed neuromorphic functionality, transforming these e-tattoos into neuromorphic bioelectronic devices controlled through the skin itself. The neuromorphic bioelectronic tattoos have the potential for developing self-aware and stand-alone smart wearables, crucial for understanding and improving overall human performance. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Semiconducting films

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Characteristic nanoscale deformation on a large-area coherent graphite moiré pattern

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Physical Review B 2023年第16期107卷 L161402-L161402页

作者： N. Sarkar P. R. Bandaru R. C. Dynes Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0411 USA Program in Materials Science University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0411 USA Department of Physics University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0411 USA

Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite may be the only known monatomic crystal with the ability to host naturally formed moiré patterns on its cleaved surfaces, which are coherent over micrometer scales and with discrete sets of twist angles of fixed periodicity. Such an aspect is in marked contrast to twisted bilayer graphene and other multilayered systems, where the long-range coherence of the moiré is not easily maintained due to twist angle disorder. We investigate the electronic and mechanical response of coherent graphite moiré patterns through inducing external strain from scanning tunneling microscopy tip-induced deformation. Consequently, unique anisotropic mechanical characteristics are revealed. For example, a lateral widening of one-dimensional domain walls (DWs) bridging Bernal (ABA) and rhombohedral (ABC) stacking domains (A, B, and C refer to the atomic layer positioning), was indicated. Further, in situ tunneling spectroscopy as a function of the deformation indicated a tendency towards increased electrical conductance, which may be associated with a higher density of electronic states, and the consequent flattening of the electronic energy band dispersion. Such features were probed across the DWs, with implications for strain-induced electronic modulation of the moiré characteristics.

关键词： Twisted bilayer graphene Scanning tunneling spectroscopy Strain engineering

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Alloying Effects on the Transport Properties of Refractory High-Entropy Alloys

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Singh, Prashant Acemi, Cafer Kuchibhotla, Aditya Vela, Brent Sharma, Prince Zhang, Weiwei Mason, Paul Balasubramanian, Ganesh Karaman, Ibrahim Arroyave, Raymundo Hipwell, M. Cynthia Johnson, Duane D. Texas A&M University United States Ames National Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Lehigh University BethlehemPA18015 United States Thermo-Calc Software Inc. 4160 Washington Rd Suit 230 McMurrayPA15317 United States J. Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering College StationTX77843 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has opened new frontiers for the design of refractory high-entropy alloys (HEAs) for high-temperature applications. The thermal conductivity of the AM feedstock is among the most important thermo-physical properties that control the melting and solidification process. Despite its significance, there remains a notable gap in both computational and experimental research concerning the thermal conductivity of HEAs. Here, we use density functional theory (DFT) to systematically investigate the alloying effects on the transport properties of Ti-Cr-Mo-W-V-Nb-Ta RHEAs, including electrical and thermal conductivities and Seebeck coefficient. The relaxation time of charge carriers is a key underlying parameter determining thermal conductivity that is exceedingly challenging to predict from first principles alone, and we thus follow the approach by Mukherjee, Satsangi, and Singh [Chem Mater 32, 6507 (2022)] to optimize the relaxation time for RHEAs. We validated thermal conductivity predictions on elemental solids, binary and ternary alloys, and RHEAs and compared them against thermodynamic (CALPHAD) predictions and our experiments with good correlations. To understand observed trends in thermal conductivity, we assessed the phase stability, electronic structure, phonon, and intrinsic- and tensile strength of down-selected RHEAs. Our electronic structure and phonon results connect well with the observed compositional trends for thermal transport in RHEAs. Our DFT assessment and CALPHAD predictions provide a unique design guide for RHEAs with tailored thermal conductivity, a critical consideration for AM and thermal-management applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal conductivity

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Magnetochiral Tunneling in Paramagnetic Co1/3NbS2

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Lim, Seongjoon Singh, Sobhit Huang, Fei-Ting Pan, Shangke Wang, Kefeng Kim, Jaewook Kim, Jinwoong Vanderbilt, David Cheong, Sang-Wook Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials Department of Physics and Astronomy PiscatawayNJ08854 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Materials Science Program University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Function Materials and Preparation Science School of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Zhejiang Ningbo315211 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers University PiscatawayNJ08854 United States

Electric currents have the intriguing ability to induce magnetization in nonmagnetic crystals with sufficiently low crystallographic symmetry. Some associated phenomena include the non-linear anomalous Hall effect in polar crystals and the nonreciprocal directional dichroism in chiral crystals when magnetic fields are applied. In this work, we demonstrate that the same underlying physics is also manifested in the electronic tunneling process between the surface of a nonmagnetic chiral material and a magnetized scanning probe. In the paramagnetic but chiral metallic compound Co1/3NbS2, the magnetization induced by the tunneling current is shown to become detectable by its coupling to the magnetization of the tip itself. This results in a contrast across different chiral domains, achieving atomic-scale spatial resolution of structural chirality. To support the proposed mechanism, we used first-principles theory to compute the chirality-dependent current-induced magnetization and Berry curvature in the bulk of the material. Our demonstration of this magnetochiral tunneling effect opens up a new avenue for investigating atomic-scale variations in the local crystallographic symmetry and electronic structure across the structural domain boundaries of low-symmetry nonmagnetic crystals. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetization

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