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IEEE International Conference on Cloud computing Technology and science (CloudCom)

作者： Shadi Ibrahim Hai Jin Lu Lu Song Wu Bingsheng He Li Qi Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Information and Technology Department China Development Bank Beijing China

This paper investigates the problem of Partitioning Skew in MapReduce-based system. Our studies with Hadoop, a widely used MapReduce implementation, demonstrate that the presence of partitioning skew causes a huge amount of data transfer during the shuffle phase and leads to significant unfairness on the reduce input among different data nodes. As a result, the applications experience performance degradation due to the long data transfer during the shuffle phase along with the computation skew, particularly in reduce phase. We develop a novel algorithm named LEEN for locality-aware and fairness-aware key partitioning in MapReduce. LEEN embraces an asynchronous map and reduce scheme. All buffered intermediate keys are partitioned according to their frequencies and the fairness of the expected data distribution after the shuffle phase. We have integrated LEEN into Hadoop-0.18.0. Our experiments demonstrate that LEEN can efficiently achieve higher locality and reduce the amount of shuffled data. More importantly, LEEN guarantees fair distribution of the reduce inputs. As a result, LEEN achieves a performance improvement of up to 40% on different workloads.

关键词： Partitioning algorithms Distributed databases Cloud computing Performance evaluation Time factors Degradation Kernel

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A novel clustering topology control for reliable multi-hop routing in wireless sensor networks

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Journal of Communications 2010年第9期5卷 654-664页

作者： Du, Ruiying Ai, Chunyu Guo, Longjiang Chen, Jing Liu, Jianwei He, Jing Li, Yingshu School of Computer science Wuhan University Wuhan China State Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education Wuhan China Department of Mathematics Physics Computer Science and Geomatics Troy University Troy AL 36082 United States Department of Computer Science Heilongjiang University Harbin China Department of Computer Science Georgia State University Atlanta GA 30303 United States School of Electronics Information Engineering Beihang University Beijing China

The reliability of wireless sensor networks is significant in certain applications, especially the reliable routing. Most existing routing protocols use multi-paths to improve routing reliability. However, multi-paths waste a large amount of energy to obtain redundancy. This is not an optimal option for sensor nodes with limited energy. In this paper, a novel clustering-based reliable multi-hop routing algorithm (CRMR) is proposed. The algorithm adopts a mechanism of multiple backup cluster heads efficiently to extend time of stable period of clusters and to decrease energy consumption for reconstructing clusters. The local reconstruction of clusters is addressed for improving coverage, maintaining connectivity, and extending the network lifetime. While the algorithm overcomes the randomicity of selecting cluster heads and ensures well proportioned clusters. Employing backup cluster heads and gateways can ensure reliability of routing and overcome disadvantages of most existing reliable routing protocols, which is to preserve multiple backup paths. The algorithm adopts query driving data transmission mode for finding routes and bypassing unavailable routing nodes for backtracking to ensure the speediness of data transmissions and the reliability. The simulation results show that the algorithm can achieve good performance on both routing reliability and energy consumption. © 2010 ACADEMY PUBLISHER.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Senior-friendly technologies: Interaction design for senior users

Senior-friendly technologies: Interaction design for senior ...

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28th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing Systems, CHI 2010

作者： Duh, Henry Been-Lirn Do, Ellen Yi-Luen Billinghurst, Mark Quek, Francis Chen, Vivian Hsueh-Hua National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore 117576 Singapore Georgia Institute of Technology College of Architecture School of Interactive Computing 245 Fourth Street Atlanta GA 30332-0155 United States University of Canterbury Human Interface Laboratory Old Maths Building New Zealand Virginnia Tech. Department of Computer Science Center for Human Computer Interaction Blacksburg VA 24061 United States Nanyang Technological University Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information 31 Nanyang Link Singapore 637718 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781605589312

The elderly represent a valid group of users who can potentially benefit greatly from engaging with technology, such as healthcare systems or playing digital games. Yet, less attention has been given to the significance of senior citizens as technology users, as compared to the common younger population. In an effort to fill in the gap, this workshop aims to investigate the design of technology for senior citizens. To provide for more focused, thus more productive discussion, we will use elderly mobile phone games as a case in point here. The overarching objective is to understand what can help to make for better and more meaningful use of interactive applications and technology by the elderly, for instance, games on the mobile phone. © 2010 Copyright is held by the author/owner(s).

关键词： Cellular telephones

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Reports of the AAAI 2010 conference workshops

Reports of the AAAI 2010 conference workshops

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作者： Aha, David W. Boddy, Mark Bulitko, Vadim D'Avila Garcez, Artur S. Doshi, Prashant Edelkamp, Stefan Geib, Christopher Gmytrasiewicz, Piotr Goldman, Robert P. Halevy, Alon Hitzler, Pascal Isbell, Charles Josyula, Darsana Kaelbling, Leslie Pack Kersting, Kristian Kunda, Maithilee Lamb, Luis C. Marthi, Bhaskara McGreggor, Keith Mihalkova, Lilyana Nastase, Vivi Natarajan, Sriraam Provan, Gregory Raja, Anita Ram, Ashwin Riedl, Mark Russell, Stuart Sabharwal, Ashish Smaus, Jan-Georg Sukthankar, Gita Tuyls, Karl Van Der Meyden, Ron Adaptive Systems Section Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC United States Adventium Labs. Minneapolis MN United States Department of Computer Science University of Alberta Canada City University London United Kingdom University of Georgia United States University of Bremen Germany School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom University of Illinois Chicago United States Smart Information Flow Technologies LLC Minneapolis MN United States Structured Data Group Google Research United States Department of Computer Science Wright State University Dayton OH United States School of Interactive Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Department of Computer Science Bowie State University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Statistical Relational Mining Group Fraunhofer IAIS Germany Department of Computer Science Federal University of Rio Grande Do sul Brazil Willow Garage Inc. CA United States Computer Science Department University of Maryland College Park United States Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies Heidelberg Germany Department of Computer Science University of Wisconsin Madison United States University College Cork Ireland Cork Complex Systems Lab. Ireland Department of Software and Information Systems University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley United States Department of Computer Science Cornell University United States Institute for Computational Sustainability United States University of Freiburg Germany School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida United States Maastricht University Netherlands University of New South Wales NICTA Australia

The AAAI-10 workshop program was held on July 11-12, 2010, at the Westin Peachtree Plaza in Atlanta, Georgia. The workshop program included 13 workshops covering a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence. There were several presentations on particular formalisms for combining the levels of planning from the perspectives of classical planning, motion planning, POMDPs, search-based planning, and temporal logic-based constraints. Henry Lieberman from Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media laboratory presented work developing a platform for knowledge acquisition and usage from expert users, built upon experience with eliciting information from nonexperts in a collaborative manner. The objective of the AAAI Workshop on Goal-Directed Autonomy (GDA) was to encourage discussion and novel contributions on intelligent agents that can self-select their goals. Jeremy Baxter from QinetiQ focused on user interaction, while Nick Hawes described a goal-directed reasoning framework for controlling a mobile robot.

关键词： Motion planning

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International Conference on Bio-Inspired computing: Theories and Applications, BICTA

作者： Zhujin Zhang Shuo Wang Xingyi Zhang Zheng Zhang School of Computer and Information Science University of South Australia Adelaide SA Australia Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Department of Control Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei China

Randić et al. proposed a significant graphical representation for DNA sequences, which is very compact and avoids loss of information. In this paper, we build a fast algorithm for this graphical representation with time complexity O(n 2 ), and find another important advantage in the representation: no degeneracy. Moreover, we propose a new method to do similarity analysis of DNA sequences based on the representation. The approach adopts four elements of covariance matrix as a descriptor, and is illustrated on the first exon of beta-globin genes from 11 different species.

关键词： Rabbits Educational institutions Bovine Humans Sun DNA Mice

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Authenticated Asymmetric Group Key Agreement Protocol and Its Application

Authenticated Asymmetric Group Key Agreement Protocol and It...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications

作者： Lei Zhang Qianhong Wu Bo Qin Department of Computer Engineering and Mathematics Universitat Rovira i Virgili Catalonia Spain School of Computer Key Laboratory of AeroSpace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education Wuhan University of China China School of Science Department of Maths Xi''an University of Technology China

A recent primitive known as asymmetric group key agreement allows a group of users to negotiate a common encryption key which is accessible to any entities while each user holds her respective secret decryption key. This concept not only enables confidential communications among group users but also permits any outsider to send encrypted messages to the group. The existing instantiation is only secure against passive adversaries. In this paper, we first propose an authenticated asymmetric group key agreement protocol which captures the practical security properties against active attacks. Based on our protocol, we then propose a broadcast encryption system without relying on a trusted dealer to distribute the secret keys to the users. Our system has also short ciphertexts. Furthermore, the proposal is equipped with the perfect forward security property.

关键词： Protocols Cryptography Broadcasting Peer to peer computing Communication system security Bandwidth Communication channels Multimedia communication Communications Society Application software

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Reduction Criteria for Probabilistic Models with Spatial Restrictions on States

Reduction Criteria for Probabilistic Models with Spatial Res...

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International Conference on Networks Security, Wireless Communications and Trusted computing, NSWCTC

作者： Niu Jun Guosun Zeng Embedded System and Service Computing Key Laboratory Ministry of Education Shanghai China College of Information Engineering Zhejiang Business and Technology Institute Ningbo China Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Tongji Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465972;9780769540115

Partial order reduction techniques have been used to combat the state explosion problem in model checking procedures for concurrent systems with probabilistic behaviors. There are some results that give criteria on applying partial order reduction for verifying quantitative time properties and reward-based properties on actions. However, there are many situations that reward-based properties are expressed on states rather than on actions because actions are triggered in no time and the quantities can not be obtained easily. This paper presents reduction criteria for a probabilistic temporal logic that allows specification of restrictions on quantitative measures given by spatial resources function for the states of the considered system and provides the proof of the correctness.

关键词： Explosions computer networks Concurrent computing Embedded computing Educational technology Probabilistic logic Communication system security computer security information security Wireless communication

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A Generalized Model with Spatial Resources Labels

A Generalized Model with Spatial Resources Labels

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International Conference on Biomedical engineering and computer science (ICBECS)

This paper proposes a generalized model by extending Markov chain with spatial resources labels, which can describe the functional and performance properties and some basic characteristics such as nondeterminacy and randomicity. The syntax and semantics of the new model are shown based on the existing temporal logics such as CSRL and pathCSRL. The model checking procedure is discussed and thus the practicability of the new model is intuitive. Based on the existing models, the proposed model includes spatial resources labels only by adding the spatial information to the existing labels of states, so the treatment of the state explosion problem is similar to that in the existing models.

关键词： Educational technology Paper technology Logic Labeling Educational institutions Embedded system Embedded computing computer science education Systems engineering education computer science

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Facial expression synthesis based on emotion dimensions for affective talking avatar

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Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies 2010年第1期2010卷 109-132页

作者： Zhang, Shen Wu, Zhiyong Meng, Helen M. Cai, Lianhong Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua-CUHK Joint Research Center for Media Sciences Technologies and Systems Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen China Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong HKSAR Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9783642126031

Facial expression is one of the most expressive ways for human beings to deliver their emotion, intention, and other nonverbal messages in face to face communications. In this chapter, a layered parametric framework is proposed to synthesize the emotional facial expressions for an MPEG4 compliant talking avatar based on the three dimensional PAD model, including pleasure-displeasure, arousal-nonarousal and dominance-submissiveness. The PAD dimensions are used to capture the high-level emotional state of talking avatar with specific facial expression. A set of partial expression parameter (PEP) is designed to depict the expressive facial motion patterns in local face areas, and reduce the complexity of directly manipulation of low-level MPEG4 facial animation parameters (FAP). The relationship among the emotion (PAD), expression (PEP) and animation (FAP) parameter is analyzed on a virtual facial expression database. Two levels of parameter mapping are implemented, namely the emotion-expression mapping from PAD to PEP, and the linear interpolation from PEP to FAP. The synthetic emotional facial expression is combined with the talking avatar speech animation in a text to audio visual speech system. Perceptual evaluation shows that our approach can generate appropriate facial expressions for subtle and complex emotions defined by PAD and thus enhance the emotional expressivity of talking avatar. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010.

关键词： Mapping

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Performance Tuning Towards a KVM-Based Low Latency Virtualization System

Performance Tuning Towards a KVM-Based Low Latency Virtualiz...

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International Conference on information engineering and computer science (ICIECS)

作者： Baojing Zuo Kai Chen Alei Liang Haibing Guan Jun Zhang Ruhui Ma Hongbo Yang School of Software Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China School of Information Security Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China

Utilizing virtualization technology to combine real-time operating system(RTOS)and off-the-shelf time-sharing general purpose operating system (GPOS)is attracting much more interest *** combination has the potential to provide a large application base,and to guarantee timely deterministic response to real-time applications,yet there is no convincible experimental result about its real-time *** this paper,we analyze the interrupt latency of RTOS running on Linux KVM based on some preliminary tunings,and find out System Management Interrupt (SMI) is the main factor which makes the maximum latency unideal, so we propose a method to limit the worst-case interrupt latency in an acceptable ***,we also find out that boosting priority may result in wastes of CPU resources when RTOS is not executing real-time tasks,so we design a co-scheduling mechanism to improve the CPU throughput of the GPOS system.

关键词： Linux Real time systems Kernel Tuning Throughput Hardware

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