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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gill, Sukhpal Singh Wu, Huaming Patros, Panos Ottaviani, Carlo Arora, Priyansh Pujol, Victor Casamayor Haunschild, David Parlikad, Ajith Kumar Cetinkaya, Oktay Lutfiyya, Hanan Stankovski, Vlado Li, Ruidong Ding, Yuemin Qadir, Junaid Abraham, Ajith Ghosh, Soumya K. Song, Houbing Herbert Sakellariou, Rizos Rana, Omer Rodrigues, Joel J.P.C. Kanhere, Salil S. Dustdar, Schahram Uhlig, Steve Ramamohanarao, Kotagiri Buyya, Rajkumar School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom Center for Applied Mathematics Tianjin University Tianjin China Raygun Performance Monitoring Wellington New Zealand Department of Computer Science York Centre for Quantum Technologies University of York York United Kingdom Microsoft Schiphol Netherlands Distributed Systems Group Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Detecon International GmbH Munich Germany Institute for Manufacturing Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Western Ontario London Canada Faculty of Computer and Information Science University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University Japan Tecnun School of Engineering University of Navarra Spain Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Bennett University Greater Noida India Machine Intelligence Research Labs AuburnWA United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India Baltimore United States Department of Computer Science University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia COPELABS Lusófona University Lisbon Portugal Sydney Australia The University of Melbourne Victoria Australia Laboratory School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia

Over the past six decades, the computing systems field has experienced significant transformations, profoundly impacting society with transformational developments, such as the Internet and the commodification of computing. Underpinned by technological advancements, computer systems, far from being static, have been continuously evolving and adapting to cover multifaceted societal niches. This has led to new paradigms such as cloud, fog, edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), which offer fresh economic and creative opportunities. Nevertheless, this rapid change poses complex research challenges, especially in maximizing potential and enhancing functionality. As such, to maintain an economical level of performance that meets ever-tighter requirements, one must understand the drivers of new model emergence and expansion, and how contemporary challenges differ from past ones. To that end, this article investigates and assesses the factors influencing the evolution of computing systems, covering established systems and architectures as well as newer developments, such as serverless computing, quantum computing, and on-device AI on edge devices. Trends emerge when one traces technological trajectory, which includes the rapid obsolescence of frameworks due to business and technical constraints, a move towards specialized systems and models, and varying approaches to centralized and decentralized control. This comprehensive review of modern computing systems looks ahead to the future of research in the field, highlighting key challenges and emerging trends, and underscoring their importance in cost-effectively driving technological progress. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Obsolescence

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MagLive: Robust Voice Liveness Detection on Smartphones Using Magnetic Pattern Changes

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sun, Xiping Chen, Jing Wu, Cong He, Kun Xu, Haozhe Feng, Yebo Du, Ruiying Chen, Xianhao Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China Rizhao Institute of Information Technology Wuhan University Rizhao276800 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial Technology Wuhan430079 China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering HKU Musketeers Foundation Institute of Data Science University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong

Voice authentication has been widely used on smartphones. However, it remains vulnerable to spoofing attacks, where the attacker replays recorded voice samples from authentic humans using loudspeakers to bypass the voice authentication system. In this paper, we present MagLive, a robust voice liveness detection scheme designed for smartphones to mitigate such spoofing attacks. MagLive leverages the differences in magnetic pattern changes generated by different speakers (i.e., humans or loudspeakers) when speaking for liveness detection, which are captured by the built-in magnetometer on smartphones. To extract effective and robust magnetic features, MagLive utilizes a TF-CNN-SAF model as the feature extractor, which includes a time-frequency convolutional neural network (TF-CNN) combined with a self-attention-based fusion (SAF) model. Supervised contrastive learning is then employed to achieve user-irrelevance, device-irrelevance, and content-irrelevance. MagLive imposes no additional burden on users and does not rely on active sensing or specialized hardware. We conducted comprehensive experiments with various settings to evaluate the security and robustness of MagLive. Our results demonstrate that MagLive effectively distinguishes between humans and attackers (i.e., loudspeakers), achieving an average balanced accuracy (BAC) of 99.01% and an equal error rate (EER) of 0.77%. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smartphones

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G2Face: High-Fidelity Reversible Face Anonymization via Generative and Geometric Priors

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yang, Haoxin Xu, Xuemiao Xu, Cheng Zhang, Huaidong Qin, Jing Wang, Yi Heng, Pheng-Ann He, Shengfeng The School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Guangdong Engineering Center for Large Model and GenAI Technology State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science China The Centre for Smart Health The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong The School of Future Technology South China University of Technology Guangzhou China The School of Computer Science and Network Security Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan China The Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore

Reversible face anonymization, unlike traditional face pixelization, seeks to replace sensitive identity information in facial images with synthesized alternatives, preserving privacy without sacrificing image clarity. Traditional methods, such as encoder-decoder networks, often result in significant loss of facial details due to their limited learning capacity. Additionally, relying on latent manipulation in pre-trained GANs can lead to changes in ID-irrelevant attributes, adversely affecting data utility due to GAN inversion inaccuracies. This paper introduces G2Face, which leverages both generative and geometric priors to enhance identity manipulation, achieving high-quality reversible face anonymization without compromising data utility. We utilize a 3D face model to extract geometric information from the input face, integrating it with a pre-trained GAN-based decoder. This synergy of generative and geometric priors allows the decoder to produce realistic anonymized faces with consistent geometry. Moreover, multi-scale facial features are extracted from the original face and combined with the decoder using our novel identity-aware feature fusion blocks (IFF). This integration enables precise blending of the generated facial patterns with the original ID-irrelevant features, resulting in accurate identity manipulation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art techniques in face anonymization and recovery, while preserving high data utility. Code is available at https://***/Harxis/G2Face. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anonymity

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Exploring the Role of Large Language Models in Cybersecurity: A Systematic Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tian, Shuang Zhang, Tao Liu, Jiqiang Wang, Jiacheng Wu, Xuangou Zhu, Xiaoqiang Zhang, Ruichen Zhang, Weiting Yuan, Zhenhui Mao, Shiwen Kim, Dong In School of Software Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore School of Computer Science and Technology An hui Province Key Laboratory of Digital Twin Technology in Metallurgical Industry Anhui University of Technology Anhui243002 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Engineering University of Warwick CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Information and Communication Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

—With the rapid development of technology and the acceleration of digitalisation, the frequency and complexity of cyber security threats are increasing. Traditional cybersecurity approaches, often based on static rules and predefined scenarios, are struggling to adapt to the rapidly evolving nature of modern cyberattacks. There is an urgent need for more adaptive and intelligent defence strategies. The emergence of Large Language Model (LLM) provides an innovative solution to cope with the increasingly severe cyber threats, and its potential in analysing complex attack patterns, predicting threats and assisting real-time response has attracted a lot of attention in the field of cybersecurity, and exploring how to effectively use LLM to defend against cyberattacks has become a hot topic in the current research field. This survey examines the applications of LLM from the perspective of the cyber attack lifecycle, focusing on the three phases of defense reconnaissance, foothold establishment, and lateral movement, and it analyzes the potential of LLMs in Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) tasks. Meanwhile, we investigate how LLM-based security solutions are deployed and applied in different network scenarios. It also summarizes the internal and external risk issues faced by LLM during its application. Finally, this survey also points out the facing risk issues and possible future research directions in this domain. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Extended Abstract of Graph4web: A Relation-Aware Graph Attention Network for web Service Classification

Extended Abstract of Graph4Web: A Relation-Aware Graph Atten...

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IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)

作者： Kunsong Zhao Jin Liu Zhou Xu Xiao Liu Lei Xue Zhiwen Xie Yuxuan Zhou Xin Wang School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Dependable Service Computing in Cyber Physical Society (Chongqing University) China School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China School of Information Technology Deakin University Geelong Australia Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China College of Engineering and Computer Science Syracuse University Syracuse USA

Software reuse, as a means to develop new software products with similar functions by virtue of existing software components, has become a popular way during the software development process. In particular, as the service-oriented architecture became popular, web services turned into an indispensable part in modem software development web services provide a basic composition with high cohesion and loose coupling to support responses among heterogeneous software components, which is the valuable resources for software reuse. The popular web service repositories, such as Programmable web, contain a mass of web services for beginners and developers to choose from. Nevertheless, the large number of web services also makes it difficult to select the suitable services. Thus, the key to reuse software components lies in how to find appropriate web services from repositories to meet developers requirements in specific application scenarios.

关键词： Couplings web services Modems Service-oriented architecture Software reusability

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SSD Real-Time Illegal Parking Detection Based on Contextual information Transmission

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computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第1期62卷 293-307页

作者： Huanrong Tang Aoming Peng Dongming Zhang Tianming Liu Jianquan Ouyang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing Ministry of EducationCollege of Information EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China Beijing100029China Department of Computer Science the University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA

With the improvement of the national economic level,the number of vehicles is still increasing year by *** to the statistics of National Bureau of Statics,the number is approximately up to 327 million in China by the end of 2018,which makes urban traffic pressure continues to rise so that the negative impact of urban traffic order is *** parking-the common problem in the field of transportation security is urgent to be solved and traditional methods to address it are mainly based on ground loop and manual supervision,which may miss detection and cost much *** to the rapidly developing deep learning sweeping the world in recent years,object detection methods relying on background segmentation cannot meet the requirements of complex and various scenes on speed and ***,an improved Single Shot MultiBox Detector(SSD)based on deep learning is proposed in our study,we introduce attention mechanism by spatial transformer module which gives neural networks the ability to actively spatially transform feature maps and add contextual information transmission in specified ***,we found out the best connection layer in the detection model by repeated experiments especially for small objects and increased the precision by 1.5%than the baseline SSD without extra training ***,we designed an illegal parking vehicle detection method by the improved SSD,reaching a high precision up to 97.3%and achieving a speed of 40FPS,superior to most of vehicle detection methods,will make contributions to relieving the negative impact of illegal parking.

关键词： Contextual information transmission illegal parking detection spatial attention mechanism deep learning

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A federated sleep staging method based on adaptive re-aggregation and double prototype-contrastive using single-channel electroencephalogram

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engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2025年 156卷

作者： Ma, Bian Duan, Lijuan Huang, Zhaoyang Qiao, Yuanhua College of Computer Science Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Trusted Computing Beijing100124 China China National Engineering Laboratory for Critical Technologies of Information Security Classified Protection Beijing100124 China Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing100053 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation Beijing100053 China School of Mathematics Statistics and Mechanics Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China

The limited availability of sleep data collected by individual institutions poses a significant challenge in developing automatic sleep staging models, especially given that most existing models rely heavily on data-driven approaches. The advent of federated learning has introduced an innovative and reliable paradigm for inter-institutional collaboration, facilitating task knowledge sharing and implicit data augmentation while preserving privacy. However, in traditional federated learning methodologies, local models are typically initialized with the global model at the onset of each iteration. This global-knowledge-centric approach often results in catastrophic forgetting during local training and inadequately adapts to the diversity of local data, compromising the overall generalization performance of the model. In this paper, we introduce a novel re-aggregation strategy for local model initialization that synergizes the global model with historical local models, thereby mitigating the undue influence of global knowledge and preserving local task-specific information. The re-aggregation weights are adaptively determined based on the confidence of the global and historical models on local datasets. Furthermore, to address the inherent ambiguity among sleep stages, a dual prototype-contrastive learning module is proposed, comprising Prototype-Consistency Contrastive (PCC) and Prototype-Distinguishability Contrastive (PDC) components. Specifically, the PCC component is designed to ensure consistency between local prototypes and unbiased prototypes derived from re-aggregation, enhancing intra-class knowledge coherence. The goal of the PDC component is to strengthen the discriminability among various sleep stages, improving inter-class differentiation. Comprehensive experiments conducted on two public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness, superiority, and flexibility of the proposed method. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Federated learning

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Median Filtering Detection Based on Quaternion Convolutional Neural Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第10期65卷 929-943页

作者： Jinwei Wang Qiye Ni Yang Zhang Xiangyang Luo Yunqing Shi Jiangtao Zhai Sunil Kr Jha Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou450001China Department of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Department of Electrical Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNew JerseyNJ07102USA

Median filtering is a nonlinear signal processing technique and has an advantage in the field of image ***,more attention has been paid to the forensics research of median *** this paper,a median filtering forensics method based on quaternion convolutional neural network(QCNN)is *** median filtering residuals(MFR)are used to preprocess the *** the output of MFR is expanded to four channels and used as the input of *** QCNN,quaternion convolution is designed that can better mix the information of different channels than traditional *** quaternion pooling layer is designed to evaluate the result of quaternion *** is proposed to features well combine the three-channel information of color image and fully extract forensics *** show that the proposed method has higher accuracy and shorter training time than the traditional convolutional neural network with the same convolution depth.

关键词： Median filtering forensics quaternion convolution layer quaternion pooling layer color image

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CodeEnhance: A Codebook-Driven Approach for Low-Light Image Enhancement

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wu, Xu Hou, XianXu Lai, Zhihui Zhou, Jie Zhang, Ya-Nan Pedrycz, Witold Shen, Linlin The Computer Vision Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen518060 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China School of AI and Advanced Computing Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University SZU Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China The Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Alberta University of Alberta Canada

Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) aims to improve low-illumination images. However, existing methods face two challenges: (1) uncertainty in restoration from diverse brightness degradations;(2) loss of texture and color information caused by noise suppression and light enhancement. In this paper, we propose a novel enhancement approach, CodeEnhance, by leveraging quantized priors and image refinement to address these challenges. In particular, we reframe LLIE as learning an image-to-code mapping from low-light images to discrete codebook, which has been learned from high-quality images. To enhance this process, a Semantic Embedding Module (SEM) is introduced to integrate semantic information with low-level features, and a Codebook Shift (CS) mechanism, designed to adapt the pre-learned codebook to better suit the distinct characteristics of our low-light dataset. Additionally, we present an Interactive Feature Transformation (IFT) module to refine texture and color information during image reconstruction, allowing for interactive enhancement based on user preferences. Extensive experiments on both real-world and synthetic benchmarks demonstrate that the incorporation of prior knowledge and controllable information transfer significantly enhances LLIE performance in terms of quality and fidelity. The proposed CodeEnhance exhibits superior robustness to various degradations, including uneven illumination, noise, and color distortion. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Compromising Rechargeable Sensor Networks in Marine Environment

引用

IEEE Transactions on Mobile computing 2025年

作者： Wang, Qiwei Lin, Chi Dai, Haipeng Obaidat, Mohammad S. Hsiao, Kuei-Fang Fan, Xin Dalian University of Technology School of Software Technology & DUT-RU International School of Information Science and Engineering China Key Laboratory for Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province Dalian116620 China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing210023 China University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Computer and Communication Engineering Beijing100083 China SRM University Department of Computational Intelligence School of Computing SRM Nagar TN Kattankulathur603203 India The Amity University School of Engineering UP Noida201301 India The King Abdullah II School of Information Technology The University of Jordan Amman11942 Jordan

Marine Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (MWRSNs), enhanced by recent Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology, present a significant advancement in extending network life. Traditional methods improve network performance through algorithm optimization, but neglect charging security, exposing networks to potential attacks. This paper addresses this problem from an adversarial view and develops a novel attack for MWRSN through Denying of Charge (DoC) to maximize network destructiveness. We start by establishing a generalized on-demand charging model, essential for developing DoC tactics. Subsequently, we unveil the Collaborative DoC (CoDoC) algorithm, capable of manipulating and falsifying charging requests. Central to CoDoC is the Request Prediction Method (RPM), which forecasts the initiation of charging requests and facilitates rapid request surges to enhance the attack's efficacy. CoDoC is able to disguise the presence of the attack, which is able to escape from being detected by the base station. Theoretical analyses are provided to explore the features of the proposed scheme. To demonstrate the outperformed features of the proposed schemes, extensive simulations and test-bed experiments are conducted. Our analysis and extensive simulations demonstrate that CoDoC increases sensor node failures by 20% to 142% compared to traditional methods, highlighting its effectiveness in marine environments. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Charging stations

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