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Enhanced VOC emission with increased temperature contributes to the shift of O_(3)-precursors relationship and optimal control strategy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第4期150卷 218-229页

作者： Fangqi Qu Yuanjie Huang Yemin Shen Genqiang Zhong Yan Xu Lingling Jin Hongtao Qian Chun Xiong Fei Zhang Jiasi Shen Bingye Xu Xudong Tian Zhengning Xu Zhibin Wang Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological HealthCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China Jiaxing Ecological and Environment Bureau Tongxiang Branch Tongxiang 314500China Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310012China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Forewarning and Quality ControlHangzhou 310058China

Assessing the impact of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs)on ozone(O_(3))formation is vital for themanagement of emission reduction and pollution *** of O_(3)and the major precursorswas conducted in a typical light industrial city in the YRD region from 1 May to 25 July in *** were the most abundant VOC group,contributing to 55.0%of TVOCs concentration(56.43±21.10 ppb).OVOCs,aromatics,halides,alkenes,and alkynes contributed 18.7%,9.6%,9.3%,5.2%and 1.9%,*** observational site shifted from a typical VOC control regime to a mixed regime from May to July,which can be explained by the significant increase of RO_(x)production,resulting in the transition of environment from NOx saturation to radical saturation with respect to O_(3)*** optimal O_(3)control strategy should be dynamically changed depending on the transition of control *** NOx saturation condition,minimizing the proportion of NOx in reduction could lead to better achievement of O_(3)*** mixed control regime,the cut percentage gets the top priority for the effectiveness of O_(3)*** VOCs sources were identified:temperature dependent source(28.1%),vehicular exhausts(19.9%),petrochemical industries(7.2%),solvent&gasoline usage(32.3%)and manufacturing industries(12.6%).The increase of temperature and radiation would enhance the evaporation related VOC emissions,resulting in the increase of VOC concentration and the change of RO_(x)*** results highlight determination of the optimal control strategies for O_(3)pollution in a typical YRD industrial city.

关键词： O_(3)pollution Volatile organic compounds Photochemical box model Source apportionment Optimal O_(3)control strategies

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Metabolomic and gut-microbial responses of earthworms exposed to microcystins and nano zero-valent iron in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第4期150卷 340-348页

作者： Yifan Wang Chunlong Zhang Daohui Lin Jianying Zhang College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environment and Resources Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Environmental Sciences University of Houston-Clear LakeHoustonTX 77058USA Institute of Environmental Health Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Hangzhou 310058China

The earthworm-based vermiremediation facilitated with benign chemicals such as nano zero-valent iron(nZVI)is a promising approach for the remediation of a variety of soil contaminants including *** themost toxic cyanotoxin,microcystin-LR(MC-LR)enter soil via runoff,irrigated surface water and sewage,and the application of cyanobacterial biofertilizers as part of the sustainable agricultural *** in such remediation systems must sustain the potential risk from both nZVI and *** the present study,earthworms(Eisenia fetida)were exposed up to 14 days to MC-LR and nZVI(individually and inmixture),and the toxicity was investigated at both the organismal andmetabolic levels,including growth,tissue damage,oxidative stress,metabolic response and gut *** showed that co-exposure of MC-LR and nZVI is less potent to earthworms than that of separate *** observations in the co-exposure group revealed only minor epidermal brokenness,and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that co-exposure induced earthworms to regulate glutathione biosynthesis for detoxification and reduced adverse effects from *** combined use of nZVI promoted the growth and reproduction of soil and earthworm gut bacteria(e.g.,Sphingobacterium and Acinetobacter)responsible for the degradation of MC-LR,whichmight explain the observed antagonism between nZVI and MC-LR in earthworm *** study suggests the beneficial use of nZVI to detoxify pollutants in earthworm-based vermiremediation systems where freshwater containing cyanobacterial blooms is frequently used to irrigate soil and supply water for the growth and metabolism of earthworms.

关键词： Nano zero-valent iron Microcystin-LR Mixed exposure Vermiremediation Metabolic pathways Gut microbiota

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Enhanced oxidation of Cr(III) with the mineral transformation of CrxFe1-x(OH)3 in the presence of Mn(II): overlooked process during the reoccurrence of Cr(VI) in reduced chromite ore processing residue

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Environmental pollution 2025年 375卷 126327页

作者： Xie, Shenhao Yang, Kunpeng Zhang, Shuai Chen, Jie Zhao, Jiating Zhu, Lizhong State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou310058 China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou310058 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang Hangzhou310058 China

The reoccurrence of Cr(VI) in reduced chromium ore processing residue (rCOPR) causes secondary pollution after remediation, with Mn(II)-induced catalytic oxidation identified as one of its key contributors. The mineral transformation of Cr-Fe coprecipitate (CrxFe1-x(OH)3, dominant phase in rCOPR) tends to form goethite along with Cr(III) in alkaline environments. However, the effect of this critical process on Cr(VI) reoccurrence remains unknown and requires further investigation. Our results showed that after the mineral transformation, approximately 10 times higher concentration of Cr(VI) (2261.67 ± 108.13 μg L−1) produced within 24 h than pre-transformation levels (212.92 ± 22.71 μg L−1). Mn (oxyhydr)oxides (MnOxs) produced from Mn(II) oxidation served as the direct oxidant of Cr(III). The alteration in Cr(VI) generation kinetics after the mineral transformation indicated distinct speciation patterns and interactions of Cr(III) and MnOxs in this process. Three predominant crystalline phases in MnOxs, hausmannite (Mn3O4), feitknechtite (β-MnOOH), and manganite (γ-MnOOH) were identified through XPS, XRD, SEM and TEM-EDS. Theoretical calculations revealed the hierarchical adsorption ability for Cr(III): ferrihydrite (−9.69 eV) > MnOxs (−9.50, −9.30 eV) > goethite (−9.27 eV). The synergistic interplay between MnOxs’ oxidation capacity and Cr(III) accessibility governed the release of Cr(VI). Our findings elucidated the kinetic process and underlying mechanisms of Cr(VI) generation induced by Mn(II) oxidation with the mineral transformation of Cr-Fe coprecipitate in Cr contaminated environments. These new insights support pollution control of Cr(VI) reoccurrence in rCOPR and may guide future research on promoting the long-term stability and safety of rCOPR. © 2025

关键词： Ore reduction

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Hierarchical activation of resistance genes under tetracyclines selective pressure in complex microbial community

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Journal of Hazardous Materials 2025年 493卷 138399页

作者： Tang, Huiming Liu, Zishu Hu, Baolan Zhu, Lizhong College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China

The pervasive use of antibiotics exerts selective pressure in both natural and anthropogenic environments, driving the propagation and evolution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in microbial communities. Understanding the succession of resistome under varying antibiotic stresses is crucial for mitigating the spread of ARGs. This study investigates the succession of resistome under exposure to four structurally different tetracyclines (TC) across concentrations ranging from environmental to clinical levels. A clear hierarchical activation of ARGs was observed, starting with the upregulation of multidrug and TC-specific efflux pump genes, followed by those involved in TC inactivation and ribosomal protection. By identifying the specific thresholds of transcriptional onset times and critical TC concentration ranges that triggered ARG abundance increases, it was found that all ARGs as a whole did not significantly increase when TC concentrations were maintained below 10−5 of the initial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC0) within 2 h. Similarly, high-risk TC resistance genes do not proliferate when TC concentrations were kept below 10−3 × MIC0 within 24 h. These findings provide quantifiable benchmarks for concentration-time thresholds that can inform the establishment of environmental discharge limits and guide the implementation of targeted treatment technologies to mitigate ARG dissemination. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Anthropogenic

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Comparison of PAH mass emissions and their toxicity-weighted trends in China, 2000–2022

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 981卷 179562页

作者： Wang, Weiwei Hu, Laigang Chen, Lu Miao, Xiaozeng Wu, Wenhao Shi, Zhou Lin, Daohui Yang, Kun State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou311200 China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions are often used as direct evidence for subsequent environmental monitoring, governance, and policy-making. However, the toxicity among individual PAH varies significantly, causing their toxicity-based risk to be overlooked. The analysis revealed that total PAH emissions (EΣPAHs) has peaked in 2007 (i.e., 1.1 × 105 t), then declined to 2022 (i.e., 7.4 × 104 t) in China. However, the toxicity-weighted PAH emissions (EΣTEQ) has not decreased, because the emissions of high molecular weight PAH (EΣHPAHs) with high toxicity has not decreased, although the emissions of low molecular weight PAH (EΣLPAHs) with low toxicity has decreased significantly. It was verified that the trend of variation in PAH emissions is comprehensively determined by the decrease in biomass and increase in fossil fuel consumption. The decline in EΣLPAHs from biomass burning exceeded emission increases attributable to fossil fuel combustion, driving an overall reduction in total LPAHs post-2007 of China. In contrast, EΣHPAHs exhibited temporal variability after 2007, as emission reductions from biomass burning were offset by comparable increases from fossil fuel. Despite efforts to reduce emissions of conventional atmospheric pollutants, EΣTEQ have not decreased due to the rising fossil fuel consumption and limited pollution control efficiency on EΣHPAHs. The findings addressed the gap between PAH mass emissions and their toxicity-weighted trends, which enabled us to pay attention to the variation of EΣTEQ for accurate risk management to any region with shifting PAH source profiles. Moreover, emphasis should be placed on transitioning fossil fuel consumption to clean energy and implementing effective measures to reduce EΣHPAHs in flue gas, such as adsorption and degradation. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Emission control

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Humic acid inhibits hydroxyl radical generation during oxygenation of Fe(II) on goethite surface

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 966卷 178581页

作者： Yin, Meiru Yu, Wentao Nie, Siyu Wang, Kun Xiao, Xin Chen, Baoliang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Hangzhou310058 China Future Environment Laboratory Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Zhejiang University Jiaxing314100 China

The dark formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) by the oxidation of Fe(II) has been increasingly recognized at anoxic–oxic interface. Minerals play significant roles on oxidation of Fe(II) owing to the adsorption changed the reactivity of Fe(II). However, the impact of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the oxidation of mineral adsorbed Fe(II) and •OH generation remains unknown. Herein, we examined the impact of humic acid (HA) on •OH accumulation during oxygenation of goethite surface-adsorbed Fe(II). We found the addition of 100–500 mg C•L−1 HA inhibited 3.7 % - 24.8 % •OH accumulation, compared to •OH generation facilitated by goethite-adsorbed Fe(II), and the electron utilization efficiency for •OH generation reduced from 15.4 % to 11.8 %. The adsorption experiment under anoxic condition showed that HA compete absorption with Fe(II) on goethite surface. XPS spectroscopy revealed that HA reduces the surface Fe-OH functional group by 4.8 %, thereby reducing the active sites on goethite. Voltammetric cycling curves demonstrated that HA decreased the reducing capacity and inhibited the electrical conductivity of the goethite-adsorbed Fe(II). This study elucidates the effects and mechanisms of HA adsorption on •OH generation during the oxygenation of Fe(II) on goethite surface. © 2025

关键词： Oxygenation

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Tricrystalline TiO_2 with enhanced photocatalytic activity and durability for removing volatile organic compounds from indoor air

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 189-195页

作者： Kunyang Chen Lizhong Zhu Kun Yang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

It is important to develop efficient and economic techniques for removing volatile organic compounds（VOCs） in indoor air. Heterogeneous Ti O2-based semiconductors are a promising technology for achieving this goal. Anatase/brookite/rutile tricrystalline Ti O2 with mesoporous structure was synthesized by a low-temperature hydrothermal route in the presence of *** obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalytic decomposition of toluene in air under UV light illumination. The results show that tricrystalline Ti O2 exhibited higher photocatalytic activity and durability toward gaseous toluene than bicrystalline Ti O2,due to the synergistic effects of high surface area, uniform mesoporous structure and junctions among mixed phases. The tricrystalline Ti O2 prepared at R HNO3= 0.8, containing80.7% anatase, 15.6% brookite and 3.7% rutile, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity,about 3.85-fold higher than that of P25. The high activity did not significantly degrade even after five reuse cycles. In conclusion, it is expected that our study regarding gas-phase degradation of toluene over tricrystalline Ti O2 will enrich the chemistry of the Ti O2-based materials as photocatalysts for environmental remediation and stimulate further research interest on this intriguing topic.

关键词： VOC Photocatalysis Tricrystalline TiO2 Nanomaterials Mesoporous Gaseous

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Acid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline TiO_2 from titanate nanotubes: Influence of acids on the photodegradation of gaseous toluene

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 232-240页

作者： Kunyang Chen Lizhong Zhu Kun Yang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

In order to efficiently remove volatile organic compounds（VOCs） from indoor air, onedimensional titanate nanotubes（Ti NTs） were hydrothermally treated to prepare TiO2 nanocrystals with different crystalline phases, shapes and sizes. The influences of various acids such as CH3 COOH, HNO3, HCl, HF and H2SO4 used in the treatment were separately compared to optimize the performance of the TiO2 nanocrystals. Compared with the strong and corrosive inorganic acids, CH3COOH was not only safer and more environmentally friendly, but also more efficient in promoting the photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2. It was observed that the anatase TiO2 synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3COOH solution exhibited the highest photodegradation rate of gaseous toluene（94%）, exceeding that of P25（44%） by a factor of more than two. The improved photocatalytic activity was attributed to the small crystallite size and surface modification by CH3COOH. The influence of relative humidity（20%–80%） on the performance of TiO2 nanocrystals was also studied. The anatase TiO2 synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3COOH solution was more tolerant to moisture than the other TiO2 nanocrystals and P25.

关键词： Titanate nanotubes CH3COOH Ti O2nanocrystals Photocatalytic Gaseous toluene

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Metal composition of layered double hydroxides(LDHs) regulating ClO_4^- adsorption to calcined LDHs via the memory effect and hydrogen bonding

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第3期26卷 493-501页

作者： Yajie Lin Qile Fang Baoliang Chen Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

A series of calcined carbonate layered double hydroxides （CLDHs） with various metal compositions and different M^2＋/M^3＋ ratios were prepared as adsorbents for perchlorate. Adsorption isotherms fit Langmuir model well, and the adsorption amount followed the order of MgA1-CLDHs 1〉 MgFeCLDHs 〉〉 ZnA1-CLDHs. The isotherms of MgA1-CLDHs and MgFe-CLDHs displayed a two-step shape at low and high concentration ranges and increased with an increase in the M^2＋/M^3＋ ratio from 2 to 4. The two-step isotherm was not observed for ZnA1-CLDHs, and the adsorption was minimally affected by the M^2＋/M^3＋ ratio. The LDHs, CLDHs and the reconstructed samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM, FT-IR and Raman spectra to delineate the analysis of perchlorate adsorption mechanisms. The perchlorate adsorption of MgA1-CLDHs and MgFe-CLDHs was dominated by the structural memory effect and the hydrogen bonds between the free hydroxyl groups on the reconstructed-LDHs and the oxygen atoms of the perchlorates. For ZnAI-CLDHs, the perchlorate adsorption was controlled by the structural memory effect only, as the hydroxyl groups on the hydroxide layers preferred to form strong hydrogen bonds with carbonate over perchlorate, which locked the intercalated perchlorate into a more confined nano-interlayer. Several distinct binding mechanisms of perchlorate by CLDHs with unique M^2＋ ions were proposed.

关键词： calcined layered double hydroxidesperchlorateadsorption memory effecthydrogen bonds

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Enhancing plant-microbe associated bioremediation of phenanthrene and pyrene contaminated soil by SDBS-Tween 80 mixed surfactants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第5期26卷 1071-1079页

作者： Hewei Ni Wenjun Zhou Lizhong Zhu Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

The use of surfactants to enhance plant-microbe associated dissipation in soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） is a promising bioremediation technology. This comparative study was conducted on the effects of plant-microbe treatment on the removal of phenanthrene and pyrene from contaminated soil, in the presence of low concentration single anionic, nonionic and anionic-nonionic mixed surfactants. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （SDBS） and Tween 80 were chosen as representative anionic and nonionic surfactants, respectively. We found that mixed surfactants with concentrations less than 150 mg/kg were more effective in promoting plant-microbe associated bioremediation than the same amount of single surfactants. Only about （m/m） of mixed surfactants was needed to remove the same amount of phenanthrene and pyrene from either the planted or unplanted soils, when compared to Tween 80. Mixed surfactants （〈 150 mg/kg） better enhanced the degradation efficiency of phenanthrene and pyrene via microbe or plant-microbe routes in the soils. In the concentration range of 60-150 mg/kg, both ryegrass roots and shoots could accumulate 2-3 times the phenanthrene and pyrene with mixed surfactants than with Tween 80. These results may be explained by the lower sorption loss and reduced inteffacial tension of mixed surfactants relative to Tween 80, which enhanced the bioavailability of PAHs in soil and the microbial degradation efficiency. The higher remediation efficiency of low dosage SDBS-Tween 80 mixed surfactants thus advanced the technology of surfactant-enhanced plant-microbe associated bioremediation.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil plant-microbe associated bioremediation ryegrass

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