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Enhanced VOC emission with increased temperature contributes to the shift of O_(3)-precursors relationship and optimal control strategy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第4期150卷 218-229页

作者： Fangqi Qu Yuanjie Huang Yemin Shen Genqiang Zhong Yan Xu Lingling Jin Hongtao Qian Chun Xiong Fei Zhang Jiasi Shen Bingye Xu Xudong Tian Zhengning Xu Zhibin Wang Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological HealthCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China Jiaxing Ecological and Environment Bureau Tongxiang Branch Tongxiang 314500China Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310012China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Forewarning and Quality ControlHangzhou 310058China

Assessing the impact of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs)on ozone(O_(3))formation is vital for themanagement of emission reduction and pollution *** of O_(3)and the major precursorswas conducted in a typical light industrial city in the YRD region from 1 May to 25 July in *** were the most abundant VOC group,contributing to 55.0%of TVOCs concentration(56.43±21.10 ppb).OVOCs,aromatics,halides,alkenes,and alkynes contributed 18.7%,9.6%,9.3%,5.2%and 1.9%,*** observational site shifted from a typical VOC control regime to a mixed regime from May to July,which can be explained by the significant increase of RO_(x)production,resulting in the transition of environment from NOx saturation to radical saturation with respect to O_(3)*** optimal O_(3)control strategy should be dynamically changed depending on the transition of control *** NOx saturation condition,minimizing the proportion of NOx in reduction could lead to better achievement of O_(3)*** mixed control regime,the cut percentage gets the top priority for the effectiveness of O_(3)*** VOCs sources were identified:temperature dependent source(28.1%),vehicular exhausts(19.9%),petrochemical industries(7.2%),solvent&gasoline usage(32.3%)and manufacturing industries(12.6%).The increase of temperature and radiation would enhance the evaporation related VOC emissions,resulting in the increase of VOC concentration and the change of RO_(x)*** results highlight determination of the optimal control strategies for O_(3)pollution in a typical YRD industrial city.

关键词： O_(3)pollution Volatile organic compounds Photochemical box model Source apportionment Optimal O_(3)control strategies

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Metabolomic and gut-microbial responses of earthworms exposed to microcystins and nano zero-valent iron in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第4期150卷 340-348页

作者： Yifan Wang Chunlong Zhang Daohui Lin Jianying Zhang College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environment and Resources Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Environmental Sciences University of Houston-Clear LakeHoustonTX 77058USA Institute of Environmental Health Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Hangzhou 310058China

The earthworm-based vermiremediation facilitated with benign chemicals such as nano zero-valent iron(nZVI)is a promising approach for the remediation of a variety of soil contaminants including *** themost toxic cyanotoxin,microcystin-LR(MC-LR)enter soil via runoff,irrigated surface water and sewage,and the application of cyanobacterial biofertilizers as part of the sustainable agricultural *** in such remediation systems must sustain the potential risk from both nZVI and *** the present study,earthworms(Eisenia fetida)were exposed up to 14 days to MC-LR and nZVI(individually and inmixture),and the toxicity was investigated at both the organismal andmetabolic levels,including growth,tissue damage,oxidative stress,metabolic response and gut *** showed that co-exposure of MC-LR and nZVI is less potent to earthworms than that of separate *** observations in the co-exposure group revealed only minor epidermal brokenness,and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that co-exposure induced earthworms to regulate glutathione biosynthesis for detoxification and reduced adverse effects from *** combined use of nZVI promoted the growth and reproduction of soil and earthworm gut bacteria(e.g.,Sphingobacterium and Acinetobacter)responsible for the degradation of MC-LR,whichmight explain the observed antagonism between nZVI and MC-LR in earthworm *** study suggests the beneficial use of nZVI to detoxify pollutants in earthworm-based vermiremediation systems where freshwater containing cyanobacterial blooms is frequently used to irrigate soil and supply water for the growth and metabolism of earthworms.

关键词： Nano zero-valent iron Microcystin-LR Mixed exposure Vermiremediation Metabolic pathways Gut microbiota

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Humic acid inhibits hydroxyl radical generation during oxygenation of Fe(II) on goethite surface

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 966卷 178581页

作者： Yin, Meiru Yu, Wentao Nie, Siyu Wang, Kun Xiao, Xin Chen, Baoliang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Hangzhou310058 China Future Environment Laboratory Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Zhejiang University Jiaxing314100 China

The dark formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) by the oxidation of Fe(II) has been increasingly recognized at anoxic–oxic interface. Minerals play significant roles on oxidation of Fe(II) owing to the adsorption changed the reactivity of Fe(II). However, the impact of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the oxidation of mineral adsorbed Fe(II) and •OH generation remains unknown. Herein, we examined the impact of humic acid (HA) on •OH accumulation during oxygenation of goethite surface-adsorbed Fe(II). We found the addition of 100–500 mg C•L−1 HA inhibited 3.7 % - 24.8 % •OH accumulation, compared to •OH generation facilitated by goethite-adsorbed Fe(II), and the electron utilization efficiency for •OH generation reduced from 15.4 % to 11.8 %. The adsorption experiment under anoxic condition showed that HA compete absorption with Fe(II) on goethite surface. XPS spectroscopy revealed that HA reduces the surface Fe-OH functional group by 4.8 %, thereby reducing the active sites on goethite. Voltammetric cycling curves demonstrated that HA decreased the reducing capacity and inhibited the electrical conductivity of the goethite-adsorbed Fe(II). This study elucidates the effects and mechanisms of HA adsorption on •OH generation during the oxygenation of Fe(II) on goethite surface. © 2025

关键词： Oxygenation

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Tricrystalline TiO_2 with enhanced photocatalytic activity and durability for removing volatile organic compounds from indoor air

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 189-195页

作者： Kunyang Chen Lizhong Zhu Kun Yang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

It is important to develop efficient and economic techniques for removing volatile organic compounds（VOCs） in indoor air. Heterogeneous Ti O2-based semiconductors are a promising technology for achieving this goal. Anatase/brookite/rutile tricrystalline Ti O2 with mesoporous structure was synthesized by a low-temperature hydrothermal route in the presence of *** obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalytic decomposition of toluene in air under UV light illumination. The results show that tricrystalline Ti O2 exhibited higher photocatalytic activity and durability toward gaseous toluene than bicrystalline Ti O2,due to the synergistic effects of high surface area, uniform mesoporous structure and junctions among mixed phases. The tricrystalline Ti O2 prepared at R HNO3= 0.8, containing80.7% anatase, 15.6% brookite and 3.7% rutile, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity,about 3.85-fold higher than that of P25. The high activity did not significantly degrade even after five reuse cycles. In conclusion, it is expected that our study regarding gas-phase degradation of toluene over tricrystalline Ti O2 will enrich the chemistry of the Ti O2-based materials as photocatalysts for environmental remediation and stimulate further research interest on this intriguing topic.

关键词： VOC Photocatalysis Tricrystalline TiO2 Nanomaterials Mesoporous Gaseous

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Acid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline TiO_2 from titanate nanotubes: Influence of acids on the photodegradation of gaseous toluene

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 232-240页

作者： Kunyang Chen Lizhong Zhu Kun Yang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

In order to efficiently remove volatile organic compounds（VOCs） from indoor air, onedimensional titanate nanotubes（Ti NTs） were hydrothermally treated to prepare TiO2 nanocrystals with different crystalline phases, shapes and sizes. The influences of various acids such as CH3 COOH, HNO3, HCl, HF and H2SO4 used in the treatment were separately compared to optimize the performance of the TiO2 nanocrystals. Compared with the strong and corrosive inorganic acids, CH3COOH was not only safer and more environmentally friendly, but also more efficient in promoting the photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2. It was observed that the anatase TiO2 synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3COOH solution exhibited the highest photodegradation rate of gaseous toluene（94%）, exceeding that of P25（44%） by a factor of more than two. The improved photocatalytic activity was attributed to the small crystallite size and surface modification by CH3COOH. The influence of relative humidity（20%–80%） on the performance of TiO2 nanocrystals was also studied. The anatase TiO2 synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3COOH solution was more tolerant to moisture than the other TiO2 nanocrystals and P25.

关键词： Titanate nanotubes CH3COOH Ti O2nanocrystals Photocatalytic Gaseous toluene

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Metal composition of layered double hydroxides(LDHs) regulating ClO_4^- adsorption to calcined LDHs via the memory effect and hydrogen bonding

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第3期26卷 493-501页

作者： Yajie Lin Qile Fang Baoliang Chen Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

A series of calcined carbonate layered double hydroxides （CLDHs） with various metal compositions and different M^2＋/M^3＋ ratios were prepared as adsorbents for perchlorate. Adsorption isotherms fit Langmuir model well, and the adsorption amount followed the order of MgA1-CLDHs 1〉 MgFeCLDHs 〉〉 ZnA1-CLDHs. The isotherms of MgA1-CLDHs and MgFe-CLDHs displayed a two-step shape at low and high concentration ranges and increased with an increase in the M^2＋/M^3＋ ratio from 2 to 4. The two-step isotherm was not observed for ZnA1-CLDHs, and the adsorption was minimally affected by the M^2＋/M^3＋ ratio. The LDHs, CLDHs and the reconstructed samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM, FT-IR and Raman spectra to delineate the analysis of perchlorate adsorption mechanisms. The perchlorate adsorption of MgA1-CLDHs and MgFe-CLDHs was dominated by the structural memory effect and the hydrogen bonds between the free hydroxyl groups on the reconstructed-LDHs and the oxygen atoms of the perchlorates. For ZnAI-CLDHs, the perchlorate adsorption was controlled by the structural memory effect only, as the hydroxyl groups on the hydroxide layers preferred to form strong hydrogen bonds with carbonate over perchlorate, which locked the intercalated perchlorate into a more confined nano-interlayer. Several distinct binding mechanisms of perchlorate by CLDHs with unique M^2＋ ions were proposed.

关键词： calcined layered double hydroxidesperchlorateadsorption memory effecthydrogen bonds

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Enhancing plant-microbe associated bioremediation of phenanthrene and pyrene contaminated soil by SDBS-Tween 80 mixed surfactants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第5期26卷 1071-1079页

作者： Hewei Ni Wenjun Zhou Lizhong Zhu Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

The use of surfactants to enhance plant-microbe associated dissipation in soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） is a promising bioremediation technology. This comparative study was conducted on the effects of plant-microbe treatment on the removal of phenanthrene and pyrene from contaminated soil, in the presence of low concentration single anionic, nonionic and anionic-nonionic mixed surfactants. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （SDBS） and Tween 80 were chosen as representative anionic and nonionic surfactants, respectively. We found that mixed surfactants with concentrations less than 150 mg/kg were more effective in promoting plant-microbe associated bioremediation than the same amount of single surfactants. Only about （m/m） of mixed surfactants was needed to remove the same amount of phenanthrene and pyrene from either the planted or unplanted soils, when compared to Tween 80. Mixed surfactants （〈 150 mg/kg） better enhanced the degradation efficiency of phenanthrene and pyrene via microbe or plant-microbe routes in the soils. In the concentration range of 60-150 mg/kg, both ryegrass roots and shoots could accumulate 2-3 times the phenanthrene and pyrene with mixed surfactants than with Tween 80. These results may be explained by the lower sorption loss and reduced inteffacial tension of mixed surfactants relative to Tween 80, which enhanced the bioavailability of PAHs in soil and the microbial degradation efficiency. The higher remediation efficiency of low dosage SDBS-Tween 80 mixed surfactants thus advanced the technology of surfactant-enhanced plant-microbe associated bioremediation.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil plant-microbe associated bioremediation ryegrass

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Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous solution by raw and modified plant residue materials as biosorbents

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 737-748页

作者： Zemin Xi Baoliang Chen Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Zhejiang University

Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）, e.g., naphthalene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene and pyrene, from aqueous solution by raw and modified plant residues was investigated to develop low cost biosorbents for organic pollutant abatement. Bamboo wood, pine wood, pine needles and pine bark were selected as plant residues, and acid hydrolysis was used as an easily modification method. The raw and modified biosorbents were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The sorption isotherms of PAHs to raw biosorbents were apparently linear, and were dominated by a partitioning process. In comparison, the isotherms of the hydrolyzed biosorbents displayed nonlinearity, which was controlled by partitioning and the specific interaction mechanism. The sorpfion kinetic curves of PAHs to the raw and modified plant residues fit well with the pseudo second-order kinetics model. The sorption rates were faster for the raw biosorbents than the corresponding hydrolyzed biosorbents, which was attributed to the latter having more condensed domains （i.e., exposed aromatic core）. By the consumption of the amorphous cellulose component under acid hydrolysis, the sorption capability of the hydrolyzed biosorbents was notably enhanced, i.e., 6-18 fold for phenanthrene, 6-8 fold for naphthalene and pyrene and 5-8 fold for acenaphthene. The sorpfion coefficients （Kd） were negatively correlated with the polarity index [（O＋N）/C], and positively correlated with the aromaticity of the biosorbents. For a given biosorbent, a positive linear correlation between logKoc and logKow for different PAHs was observed. Interestingly, the linear plots of logKoc-logKow were parallel for different biosorbents. These observations suggest that the raw and modified plant residues have great potential as biosorbents to remove PAHs from wastewater.

关键词： plant residue biosorbent modification sorption polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons wastewater treatment

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Effect of surfactant on phenanthrene metabolic kinetics by Citrobacter sp. SA01

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第11期26卷 2298-2306页

作者： Feng Li Lizhong Zhu Dong Zhang Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process Control Zhejiang Yuying College

To attain a better understanding of the effects of surfactants on the metabolic kinetics of hydrophobic organic compounds, the biodegradation of phenanthrene by Citrobacter sp. SA01 was investigated in a batch experiment containing Tween 80, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and liquid mineral salt medium. The Monod model was modified to effectively describe the partition, phenanthrene biodegradation and biopolymer production. The results showed that Tween 80 and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （each at 50 rag/L） enhanced phenanthrene metabolism and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate production as indicated by the increasing amounts of intermediates Coy 17.2% to 47.9%）, and percentages of poly-β- hydroxybutyrate （by 107.3% and 33.1%） within the cell dry weight when compared to their absence. The modified Monod model was capable of predicting microbial growth, phenanthrene depletion and biopolymer production. Furthermore, the Monod kinetic coefficients were largely determined by the surfactant-enhanced partition, suggesting that partitioning is a critical process in surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of hydro- phobic organic compounds.

关键词： Phenanthrene Biodegradation Surfactant Kinetics Citrobacter sp.

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Formaldehyde concentration and its influencing factors in residential homes after decoration at Hangzhou,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第5期25卷 908-915页

作者： Min Guo Xiaoqiang Pei Feifei Mo Jianlei Liu Xueyou Shen Department of Environmental Sciences Zhejiang University Zhejiang Taohuayuan Environmental Engineering Company Limited Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

Air pollution surveys of formaldehyde（HCHO） were conducted in 2324 rooms decorated within one year in 2007-2009 in Hangzhou,*** mean HCHO concentration（C HCHO） was 0.107 ± 0.095 mg/m 3,and 38.9% of samples exceeded the Chinese National Standard GB *** the past 3 years,the C HCHO decreased with time（p 〈 0.05）.Relationships of potential factors to indoor C HCHO were also evaluated.C HCHO was related to temperature（T）,relative humidity（RH）,time duration of the windows and doors being closed before sampling（DC）,time duration from the end of decoration to sampling（DR） and source characteristics（d）.A model to relate indoor C HCHO to these five factors（T,RH,DC,DR,d） was established based on 298 samples（R 2 = 0.87）.Various factors contributed to C HCHO in the following order：T,43.7%;d,31.0%;DC,10.2%;DR,8.0%;RH,7.0%;specifically,meteorological conditions（i.e.,RH plus T） accounted for 50.7%.The coefficient of T and RH,R TH,was proposed to describe their combined influence on HCHO emission,which also had a linear relationship（R 2 = 0.9387） with HCHO release in a simulation chamber *** addition,experiments confirm that it is a synergistic action as T and RH accelerate the release of HCHO,and that is a significant factor influencing indoor HCHO *** achievements could lead to reference values of measures for the efficient reduction of indoor HCHO pollution.

关键词： formaldehyde indoor air quality emission factor analysis temperature relative humidity

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