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InterMap-NRTI: A Novel Radio Tomographic Imaging Positioning Model Based on the Intersection Map of Wireless Links

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology 2025年第5期74卷 6954-6965页

作者： Wang, Bobo Ma, Yongtao Zhang, Xianchao Zhang, Jing Huang, Zixuan University of Science and Technology of China School of Cyber Science and Technology Anhui Hefei230027 China Tianjin University School of Microelectronics Tianjin300072 China Jiaxing University Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Perceiving and Intelligent Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Human Health Situation Awareness of Zhejiang Province Jiaxing314001 China University of Science and Technology of China Science Island Branch of Graduate School Anhui Hefei230031 China Institute of Space Integrated Ground Network Anhui Hefei230088 China Zixuan Huang is with the Institute of Space Integrated Ground Network Anhui Hefei230088 China

Device-free localization (DFL) is a potential positioning technique that can localize targets without requiring any device. Radio tomographic imaging (RTI) is one of the most favorable DFL methods and has many advantages over other methods. In multi-target localization indoors, target-affected wireless signal is inevitably contaminated with non-negligible interference of noise and complex multipath. Existing RTI positioning models utilize contaminated signals for multi-target localization, resulting in low positioning performance. To decrease the effect of contaminated signals, we propose a novel RTI positioning model based on the intersection map of wireless links (InterMap-NRTI). InterMap-NRTI utilizes the statistical method to determine wireless links mainly affected by targets and the interpolation method to complement the wireless links that are interrupted due to hardware malfunction and targets' obstruction. The next step is to formulate the definitions to extract high-intersections closest to the target based on the intersection map of target-affected links. Subsequently, we establish a novel positioning model based on signal strengths of wireless links and high-intersections in each cluster determined by DBSCAN algorithm using a saddle surface model. Finally, Hooke-Jeeves method is used to search for the optimal solution of the positioning model. The experiment shows that InterMap-NRTI's accuracy and identification accuracy rate outperforms other methods by an average of more than 30% and more than 14%, respectively, and InterMap-NRTI has a good tolerance for scenario layout. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： UHF devices

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Communication-Efficient Personalized Distributed Learning with Data and Node Heterogeneity

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and networking 2025年

作者： Tian, Zhuojun Zhang, Zhaoyang Li, Yiwei Bennis, Mehdi Zhejiang University College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Hangzhou310027 China University of Oulu Center for Wireless Communications Oulu90014 Finland State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Hangzhou310027 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Communication Networks and Intelligent Information Processing Hangzhou310027 China Xiamen University of Technology Fujian Key Laboratory of Communication Network and Information Processing Xiamen361024 China

To jointly tackle the challenges of data and node heterogeneity in decentralized learning, we propose a distributed strong lottery ticket hypothesis (DSLTH), based on which a communication-efficient personalized learning algorithm is developed. In the proposed method, each local model is represented as the ‌Hadamard product of global real-valued parameters and a personalized binary mask for pruning. The local model is learned by updating and fusing the personalized binary masks while the real-valued parameters are fixed among different agents. To further reduce the complexity of hardware implementation, we incorporate a group sparse regularization term in the loss function, enabling the learned local model to achieve structured sparsity. Then, a binary mask aggregation algorithm is designed by introducing an intermediate aggregation tensor and adding a personalized fine-tuning step in each iteration, which constrains model updates towards the local data distribution. The proposed method effectively leverages the relativity among agents while meeting personalized requirements in heterogeneous node conditions. We also provide a theoretical proof for the DSLTH, establishing it as the foundation of the proposed method. Numerical simulations confirm the validity of the DSLTH and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Tracking multiple people under occlusion and across cameras using probabilistic models

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Journal of zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第7期10卷 985-996页

作者： Xuan-he WANG Ji-lin LIU Institute of Information and Communication Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of lnformation Network Technology Hangzhou 310027 China

Tracking multiple people under occlusion and across cameras is a challenging question for discussion. Furthermore, the cameras in this study are used to extend the field of view, which are distinguished from the same field of view. Such corre- spondence between multiple cameras is a burgeoning research subject in the area of computer vision. This paper effectively solves the problems of tracking multiple people who pass from one camera to another and segmenting people under occlusion using probabilistic models. The probabilistic models are composed of blob model, motion model and color model, which make the most of the space, motion and color information. First, we present a color model that uses maximum likelihood estimation based on non-parametric kernel density estimation. Second, we introduce a blob model based on mean shift, which segments the body into many regions according to the color of each person in order to spatially localize the color features corresponding to the way people are dressed. Clothes can be any mixture of colors. Third, we bring forward a motion model based on statistical probability which indicates the movement position of the same person between two successive frames in a single camera. Finally, we effectively unify the three models into a general probabilistic model and attain a maximization likelihood probability image, which is used to segment the foreground region under occlusion and to match people across multiple cameras.

关键词： Color model Motion model Blob model People occlusion People tracking Kernel density estimation

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Unwrapping and stereo rectification for omnidirectional images

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Journal of zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第8期10卷 1125-1139页

作者： Jie LEI Xin DU Yun-fang ZHU Ji-lin LIU Institute of lnformation and Communication Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of lnformation Network Technology Hangzhou 310027 China College of Computer and lnformation Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Omnidirectional imaging sensors have been used in more and more applications when a very large field of view is *** this paper,we investigate the unwrapping,epipolar geometry and stereo rectification issues for omnidirectional vision when the particular mirror model and the camera parameters are unknown in ***,the omnidirectional camera is calibrated under the Taylor model,and the parameters related to this model are *** order to make the classical computer vision algorithms of conventional perspective cameras applicable,the ring omnidirectional image is unwrapped into two kinds of panoramas:cylinder and *** the epipolar geometry of arbitrary camera configuration is analyzed and the essential matrix is deduced with its properties being indicated for ring *** that,a simple stereo rectification method based on the essential matrix and the conformal mapping is *** and real data experimental results illustrate that our methods are effective for the omnidirectional camera under the constraint of a single view point.

关键词： Single point of view Calibration Catadioptric image unwrapping Omnidirectional stereo vision Epipolar geometry Essential matrix Conformal mapping

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Reputation-based linear cooperation for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks

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Journal of zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第12期10卷 1688-1695页

作者： Hui-fang CHEN Xu JIN Lei XIE Department of lnformation Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Network Technology Hangzhou 310027 China

We propose a reputation-based cooperative spectrum sensing scheme in cognitive radio (CR) networks to solve the uncertainty resulting from the multipath fading and shadowing effect. In the proposed scheme, each cooperative CR user has a reputation degree that is initialized and adjusted by the central controller, and used to weight the sensing result from the corresponding CR user in the linear fusion process at the central controller. A simple method for adjusting the reputation degree of CR users is also presented. We analyzed and evaluated the detection performance of the reputation-based cooperative spectrum sensing scheme. Simulation results showed that our proposed scheme alleviates the problem of corrupted detection resulting from destructive channel conditions between the primary transmitter and the CR user. The performance of our proposed scheme was improved compared to the average-based linear cooperation scheme, and was similar to that of the optimal linear cooperation scheme with feasible computational complexity. Moreover, our proposed scheme does not require knowledge of channel statistics.

关键词： Cognitive radio networks Cooperative Reputation Spectrum sensing

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Robust time reversal processing for active detection of a small bottom target in a shallow water waveguide

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Journal of zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2010年第5期11卷 401-406页

作者： Xiang PAN Jian-long LI Wen XU Xian-yi GONG Institute of lnformation and Communication Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Network Technology Hangzhou 310027 China

With the spatial-temporal focusing of acoustic energy,time reversal processing(TRP) shows the potential application for active target detection in shallow *** turn the ‘potential’ into a reality,the TRP based on a model source(MS) instead of a physical probe source(PS) is *** uncertain ocean environments,the robustness of TRP is discussed for the narrowband and broadband signal *** channel transfer function matrix is first constructed in the acoustic perturbation *** a steering vector for time reversal transmission is obtained by singular value decomposition(SVD) of the *** verification of the robust TRP,the tank experiments of time reversal transmission focusing and its application for active target detection are *** experimental results have shown that the robust TRP can effectively detect and locate a small bottom target.

关键词： Robustness Time reversal processing Bottom target detection Uncertain environment Sonar

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Accurate real-time stereo correspondence using intra- and inter-scanline optimization

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Journal of zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2012年第6期13卷 472-482页

作者： Li YAO Dong-xiao LI Jing ZHANG Liang-hao WANG Ming ZHANG Institute of Information and Communication Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of lnformation Network Technology Hangzhou 310027China

This paper deals with a novel stereo algorithm that can generate accurate dense disparity maps in real time. The algorithm employs an effective cross-based variable support aggregation strategy within a scanline optimization framework. Rather than matching intensities directly, the use of adaptive support aggregation allows for precisely handling the weak textured regions as well as depth discontinuities. To improve the disparity results with global reasoning, we reformulate the energy function on a tree structure over the whole 2D image area, as opposed to dynamic programming of individual scanlines. By applying both intra- and inter-scanline optimizations, the algorithm reduces the typical 'streaking' artifact while maintaining high computational efficiency. The experimental results are evaluated on the Middlebury stereo dataset, showing that our approach is among the best for all real-time approaches. We implement the algorithm on a commodity graphics card with CUDA architecture, running at about 35 fames/s for a typical stereo pair with a resolution of 384×288 and 16 disparity levels.

关键词： tereo correspondence, Scanline optimization, Real-time

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Efficient Batch Verification and Privacy-Preserving Data Aggregation Scheme in V2G networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology 2025年

作者： Wang, Congcong Wang, Chen Shen, Jian Vasilakos, Athanasios V. Wang, Bin Wang, Weizheng Department of Software Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China the Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Digital Fashion and Data Governance the Zhejiang Provincial International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on Cloud Computing Security and Data Aggregation Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology Shaoxing312000 China College of Computer Science and Information Technology IAU Saudi Arabia Grimstad4879 Norway Network and Data Security Hangzhou310053 China Computer Science Department City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong the Division of Computer Science University of Aizu Fukushima965–8580 Japan

In recent years, against the backdrop of smart grids, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) interaction has become a hot topic. With the increasing number of new energy vehicles, handling massive amounts of electricity transaction data has become an urgent problem in need of resolution. Ensuring the security of the vast quantities of electricity transaction data has emerged as a significant challenge. Therefore, two data aggregation schemes are proposed in this paper, both supporting batch verification and privacy protection in centralized and distributed scenarios, respectively. Firstly, an improved Paillier cryptosystem is utilized to achieve lightweight encryption in the proposed schemes. In addition, a novel distributed data aggregation structure that combines a large number of geographically distributed fog nodes with centralized cloud servers is introduced. This structure not only meets the requirements of lightweight encryption and resistance against single point failures but also reduces the communication complexity of distributed data aggregation to O(n). According to the security proofs and experimental analysis, it can be demonstrated that both proposed schemes are effective and secure, meeting the lightweight requirements of modern smart grid systems. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved,

关键词： Data aggregation

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A novel 3780-point FFT processor scheme for the time domain synchronous OFDM system

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Journal of zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2011年第12期12卷 1021-1030页

作者： Ji-nan LENG Lei XIE Hui-fang CHEN Kuang WANG Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 31002 7 China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of lnformation Network Technology Hangzhou 310027 China

The 3780-point FFT is a main component of the time domain synchronous OFDM （TDS-OFDM） system and the key technology in the Chinese Digital Multimedia/TV Broadcasting-Terrestrial （DMB-T） national standard. Sinc, e 3780 is not a power of 2, the classical radix-2 or radix-4 FFT algorithm cannot be applied directly. Hence, the Winograd Fourier transform algorithm （WFTA） and the Good-Thomas prime factor algorithm （PFA） are used to implement the 3780-point FFT processor. However, the structure based on WFTA and PFA has a large computational complexity and requires many DSPs in hardware implementation. In this paper, a novel 3780-point FFT processor scheme is proposed, in which a 60x63 iterative WFTA architecture with different mapping methods is imported to replace the PFA architecture, and an optimized CoOrdinate Rotation Digital Computer （CORDIC） module is used for the twiddle factor multiplications. Compared to the traditional scheme, our proposed 3780-point FFT processor scheme reduces the number of multiplications by 45% at the cost of 1% increase in the number of additions. All DSPs are replaced by the optimized CORDIC module and ROM. Simulation results show that the proposed 3780-point FFT processing scheme satisfies the requirement of the DMB-T standard, and is an efficient architecture for the TDS-OFDM system.

关键词： 3780 CoOrdinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) Digital Multimedia/TV Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DMB-T) FFT Time domain synchronous OFDM (TDS-OFDM) Winograd Fourier transform algorithm (WFTA)

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M-ary information processing via an optimal nonlinear detector

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第12期18卷 5196-5202页

作者：李建龙 Department of Information Science & Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Network Technology

This paper presents a novel approach of M-ary baseband pulse amplitude modulated signal processing via a parameter-optimized nonlinear dynamic system. This nonlinear system usually shows the phenomenon of stochastic resonance by adding noise. To thoroughly discuss the signal processing performance of the nonlinear system, we tune the system parameters to obtain a nonlinear detector with optimal performance. For characterizing the output of the nonlinear system, the derivation of the probability of detection error is given by the system response speed and the probability density function of the nonlinear system output. By varying the noise intensity with fixed system parameters, the phenomenon of stochastic resonance is shown and by tuning the system parameters with fixed noise, the probability of detection error is minimized and the nonlinear system is optimized. The detection performance of the two cases is compared with the theoretical probability of detection error, which is validated by numerical simulation.

关键词： nonlinear detector stochastic resonance tuning parameters probability of detection error

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