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NextLens—The Next Generation of Surgical Navigation: Proof of Concept of an Augmented Reality System for Surgical Navigation

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Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base 2023年第4期85卷 363-369页

作者： Ronny Grunert Carl-Henry Snyderman Paul Gardner Michel Busse Lukas Ahner Fabian Kropla Robert Möbius Svenja Jung Sebastian Scholz Erdem Güresir Dirk Winkler Department of Neurosurgery University Leipzig Leipzig Germany Fraunhofer Plastics Technology Center Oberlausitz Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Zittau Germany Center for Skull Base Surgery University Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania United States

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Vacuum gripper without central compressed air supply

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 97卷 76-80页

作者： Robert Schaffrath Erik Jäger Georg Winkler Jan Doant Marcel Todtermuschke Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU 09126 Chemnitz Germany

Compressed air operated industrial equipment has been always an important part of car body production. Advantages of compressed air powered tools are their robust construction, low-cost manufacturing as well as high performances especially forces at a minimum of construction size. Disadvantages are high operating costs, due to pressure losses in case of leakage, high installation costs and intricate cabling especially at highly flexible manufacturing systems. As a result, many automobile manufacturers aiming for a reduction of air powered production tools or even air free automobile manufacturing systems. Against this background a new concept of a vacuum grippers will be presented, which does not need central compressed air supply. Results of the development of suction cups will be shown, which are based on mechanical air displacement inspired by artificial muscles. Furthermore, a control of clusters of new suction cups with artificial intelligence is given.

关键词： Automotive Body shop End of arm tooling Gripper Vacuum Sucktion cups Compressed air supply

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Classification and Evaluation of the Integration of Process Mining and Digital Twins: A Roadmap

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Procedia CIRP 2025年 134卷 467-472页

作者： Maxi Grobis Sven Solterbeck Oliver Kempf Steffen Ihlenfeldt Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz“ Germany DB Systel GmbH Jürgen-Ponto-Platz 1 60329 Frankfurt a. Main Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Helmholtzstraße 7a 01069 Dresden Germany

Process mining has established itself as an essential technique for discovering and analyzing business processes by bringing transparency to complex process landscapes. The application of process mining provides a solid foundation for the further development of digital twins - virtual replicas of real systems that are updated in real-time to generate simulations and improve predictions. The combination of process mining with digital twins necessitates an in-depth exploration of the fundamental aspects of this synergy, particularly to delineate the criteria that constitute a digital process twin or an organizational twin. Currently, there are initial research activities and definitions in this area, characterized by significantly divergent approaches. To address this, the authors developed a concept in the form of a roadmap laying the foundations for a future maturity model and utilized the Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) to systematically evaluate the integration and progress of process mining in connection with digital twins and their characteristics.

关键词： Process Mining Digital Twin Maturity Model RAMI 4.0

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Data Acquisition Framework for spatio-temporal analysis of path-based welding applications 57

Data Acquisition Framework for spatio-temporal analysis of p...

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18th IFAC Workshop on Time Delay Systems, TDS 2024

作者： Safronov, Georgij Theisinger, Heiko Sahlbach, Vasco Braun, Christoph Molzer, Andreas Thies, Anabelle Schuba, Christian Shirazi, Majid Reindl, Thomas Hänel, Albrecht Engelhardt, Philipp Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Mayr, Peter BMW AG Petuelring 130 München80788 Germany Technical University of Munich Materials Engineering of Additive Manufacturing Freisinger Landstraße 52 Garching bei München85748 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Nöthnitzer Straße 44 Dresden01187 Germany Nebumind GmbH Willy-Messerschmitt-Straße 1 Taufkirchen82024 Germany

The use of digital technologies in industrial manufacturing reduces operational costs and improves production quality. The "Framework for Spatiotemporal Production Data Acquisition" (PathSense) aims to improve access and usability of production data by applying a common data ecosystem. Through integrating operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT), PathSense supports decision-making and process optimization. The framework uses the concept of digital shadows to collect critical information from sensors within the continuous manufacturing processes, e.g., welding or gluing lines. Spatial and temporal digital shadows are developed in accordance with human spatial cognition to support sophisticated-yet intuitive-human-computer interactions without the need for advanced data science skills. The backbone of the framework consists of robust data pipelines with a setup incorporating modern IT protocols, such as OPC UA and MQTT, to support the efficient acquisition and management of data. The paper addresses the challenges associated with the combination of IT and OT in cyber-physical systems, stressing modern complex data-intensive manufacturing as one exemplary domain to be tackled by scalable and secure data architectures. The paper identifies two major future directions: refining data integration processes and embedding advanced machine learning algorithms to enable automated data analysis and improve process quality monitoring. In summary, PathSense proposes a data-driven approach for quality inspection in manufacturing, which may eventually enhance industry practices and move towards data-driven decisions and increased operational flexibility. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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Target Costing as an Approach to reduce Costs in closed-loop Agriculture Systems - Application for the Cultivation of Algae in Photobioreactors

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 116卷 372-377页

作者： Maximilian Stange Marc Tieding Gordon Brinitzer Steffen Ihlenfeldt Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strasse 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB Nobelstrasse 12 70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany

The rapidly growing world population, the consequences of climate change and conventional agriculture as well as the limited resources of our planet threaten the food supply of humanity, especially with vital proteins. Therefore, innovation of agricultural systems is crucial for global food security and sustainable development. One proposed system is the cultivation of algae in artificially illuminated photobioreactors, which is a promising technology to limit land and water use. To achieve a competitive position between other agricultural systems and to reduce costs in a systematic and proactive approach, we suggest using Target Costing (TC) at an early stage of development. The paper aims to provide an overview of the state of the art in TC of agricultural systems. The authors identify a suitable approach for the economic evaluation of algae cultivation in bioreactors and adapt it specifically for the extraction of proteins. Based on this, different scenarios are discussed how a cost reduction of the existing systems can be achieved. The focus is on the reduction of energy costs, a suitable site selection and the use of side streams and products.

关键词： Sustainable agriculture Energy costs Target costing Algae

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Developments in Powder Mixed EDM and its perspective Application for targeted Surface Modification

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Procedia CIRP 2022年 113卷 100-119页

作者： Andreas Schubert Viet D. Bui Ingo Schaarschmidt Thomas Berger André Martin Chemnitz University of Technology Professorship of Micromanufacturing Technology Reichenhainer Strasse 70 09107 Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

Although widely studied over the few decades, there are conflicting theories on the discharge mechanisms of powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM). Additionally, the dielectric flow plays a vital role in the distribution of powder particles in the machining gap, which significantly affects the powder deposition to the modified surface. In this paper, the literature on PMEDM surface modification is thoroughly reported. The conflicting mechanisms and the effects of PMEDM main machining conditions, such as powder and electrical parameters on improving mechanical and antibacterial properties as well as biocompatibility of the surface, have been discussed. To verify the separation mechanism of the discharge in PMEDM, single discharge investigations have been performed when silver nano-powder is mixed into the hydrocarbon-based dielectric fluid to modify Ti6Al4V surfaces. Surface topography, chemical composition as well as the deposited silver content and distribution over the crater surface when using positive and negative polarities are analyzed and discussed. Current waveforms of PMEDM and EDM without powder at varying discharge energies as well as with and without ultrasonic vibration assistance are recorded and analyzed. For the transfer of fundamental results to a perspective application, CFD simulation is used to calculate the flow field of the dielectric fluid and analyze the velocity and distribution of the nano-powder within the working gap of a setup with internal flushing. The results show that PMEDM is a potential technology for machining medical devices with simultaneous antibacterial surface modification.

关键词： Powder mixed EDM Surface modification Single discharge CFD simulation Antibacterial

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Vacuum gripper without central compressed air supply 8

Vacuum gripper without central compressed air supply

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8th CIRP Conference of Assembly technology and Systems, CATS 2020

作者： Schaffrath, Robert Jäger, Erik Winkler, Georg Doant, Jan Todtermuschke, Marcel Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz09126 Germany

关键词： Compressed air

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Synergy Analysis and verification of connected Cyber Physical Systems using virtual commissioning 14

Synergy Analysis and verification of connected Cyber Physica...

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14th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering, CIRP ICME 2020

作者： Allmacher, Christoph Seiderer, Anna Klimant, Philipp Kuhl, Michael Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Str. 70 Chemnitz09126 Germany Mittweida University of Applied Sciences Technikumplatz 17 Mittweida09648 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany

The design of cyber physical systems in today's production and intralogistics is influenced by the increasing availability and exchange of data. On the one hand, synergies between connected systems can be used to develop lightweight applications by sharing and reusing data. On the other hand, the possible combinations between these systems increase the complexity and design options. This paper presents a method to structure possible design options systematically and proposes virtual commissioning as solution for their analysis and verification to enable early design decisions. The method is demonstrated using an automated guided vehicle combined with a tactile warning device. © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Cyber Physical System

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In-process evaluation of the grinding process using a new Barkhausen noise method

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 99卷 202-207页

作者： Maximilian Rößler Matthias Putz Carsten Hochmuth Jens Gentzen Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Reichenhainer Strasse 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

While the achievement of size and form tolerances is already state of the art for grinding, there are hardly any industrial solutions to identify thermo-mechanical process loads such as grinding burn. A system was developed, presented, and tested, which allows for the first time the in-process measurement of Barkhausen noise to indicate changes of the boundary zone’s state using a novel kind of sensor. The system enables tactile and non-contact measurement at sampling rates of up to 10 ms. During investigations on hardened shafts of 100Cr6, relevant influences on the in-process Barkhausen noise were identified and evaluated. Furthermore, cause-effect relationships between microstructural effects and the Barkhausen noise were detected.

关键词： Grinding In-process measurement Barkhausen noise

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Application of Fourier-related data reduction methods in sheet metal forming 14

Application of Fourier-related data reduction methods in she...

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14th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering, CIRP ICME 2020

作者： Schwarz, Christian Link, Patrick Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Drossel, Welf-Guntram Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strasse 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering TU Dresden Helmholtzstrasse 7a Dresden01062 Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes TU Chemnitz Reichenhainer Strasse 70 Chemnitz09126 Germany

Due to the increasing digitalization, modern solutions are needed to work effectively with rapidly growing amounts of data in the automotive production. This paper shows two potential fields of application for the practical use of data reduction methods. In particular, the combination of Fourier-related transformation methods (e.g. discrete Fourier transform) and surrogate models for the useful 3D visualization of complex interrelationships is shown using the example of press hardening and deep drawing. © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Finite element method

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