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Corrigendum to ‘Experimental investigation of the microlayer and dry spot dynamic characteristics in a small channel flow boiling by laser interferometry method’ [International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 201 (2023) 123585]

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International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2023年 209卷

作者： Zhong-Xiang Shen Ming Gao Wu-han Dong Li-xin Zhang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China

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A Piv Measurement and Numerical Simulation of Gas‐Liquid Two‐Phrase flow in An Aeration Tank

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2007年第1期914卷 453-457页

作者： Wen Cheng Chun‐Di Yang Yuichi Murai Fujio Yamamoto 1State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineerig Xi’ann Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China 2Environment Research Institute Xian University of Technology Xian 710048 China 3Div. of Mec. Science Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Japan 4Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui Bunkyo 3‐9‐1 Fukui 910‐8507 Japan

Aeration plays an important role in the treatment of activated sludge. The aeration performance is deeply affected by the movement law of bubble liquid flow in aeration tank. In order to discuss the influence of gas‐phase, liquid‐phase motions in an aeration tank on the sewage disposal, three kinds of boundaries and initial conditions were applied in the experiment to study the law of two‐phase flow. A developed two‐equation turbulence model was employed in this paper. Results obtained by experiment are compared with those from the mathematical model. It is found that the results of measurement and simulation agree with each other.

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An efficient cellular flow model for cohesive particle flocculation in turbulence

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhao, K. Vowinckel, Bernhard Hsu, T.-J. Köllner, T. Bai, B. Meiburg, E. Department of Mechanical Engineering UC Santa Barbara CA93106 United States State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Leichtweiß-Institut für Wasserbau Technische Universität Braunschweig Braunschweig38106 Germany Center for Applied Coastal Research Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States

We propose a one-way coupled model that tracks individual primary particles in a conceptually simple cellular flow setup to predict flocculation in turbulence. This computationally efficient model accounts for Stokes drag, lubrication, cohesive and direct contact forces on the primary spherical particles, and allows for a systematic simulation campaign that yields the transient mean floc size as a function of the governing dimensionless parameters. The simulations reproduce the growth of the cohesive flocs with time, and the emergence of a log-normal equilibrium distribution governed by the balance of aggregation and breakage. Flocculation proceeds most rapidly when the Stokes number of the primary particles is O(1). Results from this simple computational model are consistent with experimental observations, thus allowing us to propose a new analytical flocculation model that yields improved agreement with experimental data, especially during the transient stages. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Turbulence

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Experimental study on steam plume and temperature distribution for sonic steam jet

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009年第1期147卷

作者： Xinzhuang Wu Junjie Yan Wenjun Li Dongdong Pan Ying Li State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P.R.China

The sonic steam jet in subcooled water was investigated experimentally over a wide range of steam mass flux and water temperature conditions. Four different steam plume shapes were observed in present test conditions, and the condensation form was mainly controlled by the steam mass flux and water temperature. Moreover, the unstable jet was observed on the condition of low steam mass flux and high water temperature. The transition criterion of unstable-stable jet was also given. The temperature fields in the steam plume and in the surrounding water were measured. Axial temperature distributions represented the four typical steam plumes, and the fluctuation of axial temperature confirmed the existence of expansion and compression waves. Additionally, the radial temperature distributions were independent of water temperature for small radial distance at nozzle exit, and further the axial location was apart from the nozzle exit, longer the radial distance affected by the momentum diffusion.

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Fluoride-Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactor: An Integrated Nuclear-Based Energy Production and Conversion System

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhang, Dalin Li, Xinyu Jiang, Dianqiang Zhou, Xingguang Lv, Xindi Yun, Shichang Wu, Wenqiang He, Xuanang Li, Haoyang Min, Xin Chen, Kailong Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui Zhao, Quanbin Fu, Yao Tang, Chuntao Zhuo, Wenbin Li, Jinggang Zuo, Jiaxu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co. Ltd. Shanghai200233 China CNNC Key Laboratory on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213 China China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Guangdong Shenzhen518000 China Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing100082 China

Based on the analysis of energy structure and the development trends of advanced nuclear energy technology, combining the complementary advantages of nuclear energy and other energy sources in China, the Fluoride-salt-cooled High-temperature Reactor(FuSTAR) system has been proposed. FuSTAR system is designed to address production capacity issues in areas with energy shortages or resource concentration and can be combined with high-temperature process heat to achieve high-value-added processes such as hydrogen production. In this paper, the design and optimization processes of FuSTAR are described from three aspects: the neutronic and thermal-hydraulic system, the thermal transport system, and the power cycle system. Tri-structural isotropic fuel combined with helical cruciform elements has been studied in detail on the neutron physics and thermal-hydraulic properties, and the flow and heat transfer experiment is carried out for the first time. The multilayer nonlinear programming method has been applied to the design of thermal transport systems and the passive residual heat removal system and proved to be fast and efficient. Then the optimal parameters and configuration of the thermoelectric conversion system are obtained directly by using the superstructure optimization method, which saves computing resources greatly. Based on the above design and parameters, the inherent safety of FuSTAR is demonstrated through deterministic safety analysis. In addition, the iodine-sulfur cycle technology is also designed and analyzed, and the characteristics of tritium production in FuSTAR are calculated. The research provides important guidance for the detailed design and operation of FuSTAR. Moreover, this study highlights the significant potential of integrating nuclear energy with other energy sources in an optimized energy-production system. Based on the current research findings, prospects for future research directions are also suggested. © 2023, The Authors. All rights r

关键词： High temperature reactors

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Flocculation of suspended cohesive particles in homogeneous isotropic turbulence

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhao, K. Pomes, F. Vowinckel, Bernhard Hsu, T.-J. Bai, B. Meiburg, E. Department of Mechanical Engineering UC Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Leichtweiß-Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Technische Universität Braunschweig Braunschweig38106 Germany Center for Applied Coastal Research Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States

We investigate the dynamics of cohesive particles in homogeneous isotropic turbulence, based on one-way coupled simulations that include Stokes drag, lubrication, cohesive and direct contact forces. We observe a transient flocculation phase characterized by a growing average floc size, followed by a statistically steady equilibrium phase. We analyze the temporal evolution of floc size and shape due to aggregation, breakage, and deformation. Larger turbulent shear and weaker cohesive forces yield elongated flocs that are smaller in size. Flocculation proceeds most rapidly when the fluid and particle time scales are balanced and a suitably defined Stokes number is O(1). During the transient stage, cohesive forces of intermediate strength produce flocs of the largest size, as they are strong enough to cause aggregation, but not so strong as to pull the floc into a compact shape. Small Stokes numbers and weak turbulence delay the onset of the equilibrium stage. During equilibrium, stronger cohesive forces yield flocs of larger size. The equilibrium floc size distribution exhibits a preferred size that depends on the cohesive number. We observe that flocs are generally elongated by turbulent stresses before breakage. Flocs of size close to the Kolmogorov length scale preferentially align themselves with the intermediate strain direction and the vorticity vector. Flocs of smaller size tend to align themselves with the extensional strain direction. More generally, flocs are aligned with the strongest Lagrangian stretching direction. The Kolmogorov scale is seen to limit floc growth. We propose a new flocculation model with a variable fractal dimension that predicts the temporal evolution of the floc size and shape. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Flocculation

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Determination of mass diffusion coefficients of oxygenated fuel additives in air using digital real-time holographic interferometry

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009年第1期147卷

作者： Maogang He Ying Guo Qiu Zhong Ying Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 People's Republic of China

In this work, an experimental system based on digital real-time holographic interferometry for measuring the mass diffusion coefficients of fluid is introduced. The method of processing interference fringe hologram is also introduced thoroughly. By uncertainties analysis and experimental verification, the accuracy of this system is validated. The experimental uncertainties in temperature and mass diffusion coefficient are estimated to be no greater than ± 0.16 K and ± 0.2 %, respectively. On this basis, the mass diffusion coefficients of three fuel additives, diethyl 1,6-hexanedioate (diethyl adipate, DEA), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) in air were measured at T = (278.15 to 338.15) K under atmospheric pressure, and polynomial was fitted by the experimental data.

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Realization of Multilocal Gradient-Doping Pcn by Alkali Metal Ion Sustained Release Capsules for Enhanced Photocatalytic Water Splitting

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yan, Jiawei Fang, Fenjian Wei, Zhidong Chi, Jiasheng Chen, Mingxia Jiang, Zhi Jiang, Kun Shen, Shaohua Shangguan, Wenfeng Research Center for Combustion and Environment Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China College of Smart Energy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China College of Electrical Energy and Power Engineering Institute of Fuel Cells Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

The gradient-doping technique has been widely applied to induce an oriented built-in electric-field. However, it is still not efficient enough for charge mobility especially for particulate semiconductors, as the field is primarily in one direction from inner to surface. Here, we propose a multilocal gradient-doping technique that a nano-capsule is designed to store dopants and then release them into semiconductors nonuniformly. As an illustration, scattered pyrochlore-type K2Ta2O6 nanoparticles have been validated the capability of storing and releasing K+, which subsequently diffuse into the substrate PCN. Multi point-radiative gradient in K+ concentration, confined within the K2Ta2O6’s vicinity, will construct several 3D potential wells which can not only accelerate the carrier separation but also offer more migration channels for both photo-induced electrons and holes to the surface. Consequently, the multilocal K+ gradient-doping PCN shows the longest carriers’ lifetime and highest AQY (~21.8% at 400 nm) compared with the other uniformly doping techniques. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charge transfer

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Numerical study on the influence of plugging rate on the performance of adjustable steam ejector

International Journal of Fluid Engineering

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International Journal of Fluid engineering 2024年第2期1卷 50-60页

作者： Jianxiang Gao Zepeng Yuan Yuyan Hou Weixiong Chen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China

During the operation of thermal power plant systems, severe challenges to the quality and safety of the heat supply arise owing to the effects of peak regulation. Steam ejectors, widely employed in the district heating sector, often exhibit poorer performance under off-design conditions as a result of their fixed structure. This study analyzes the effects of varying plugging rate, primary pressure, and induced pressure on the performance of adjustable steam ejectors. As the plugging rate increases, the mass flow rate of the primary fluid decrease, potentially falling below 32%, and that of the induced fluid initially experiences a minor increase, followed by a rapid decrease. Concurrently, the critical back pressure also decreases with an increase in the plugging rate, potentially falling by up to 65%. By contrast, the entrainment ratio surges with increasing plugging rate, with the maximum increase reaching up to 4.75 times. Under the same primary steam pressure and induced steam pressure, there exists an optimal entrainment ratio. Furthermore, both the critical back pressure and the optimal entrainment ratio increase as the primary steam pressure and induced steam pressure increase.

关键词： performance steam optimal

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Measurement of falling film thickness around a horizontal tube using laser-induced fluorescence technique

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2009年第1期147卷

作者： Xiaofei Wang Maogang He Hualiang Fan Ying Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 People's Republic of China

An optical method for the non-intrusive measurement of falling film thickness on the perimeter of the horizontal tube is described. This non-intrusive measurement method is based on the visualization of the falling film flowing around the horizontal tube and uses the laser induced fluorescence and image processing techniques. The falling film thickness around a Turbo-CII horizontal tube and a plain horizontal tube was measured when water flushed the tube vertically with a stable velocity. The results for the Turbo-CII tube are compared with those for the plain tube, and show that the film thickness around the Turbo-CII tube varies with the same trend as that around the plain tube, and the minimal values of the film thickness tend to locate at different angular position of 95°-120° under different conditions. The film thickness around the enhanced tube changes within a smaller range with time than that around the plain tube. The corresponding effects on flow uniformity have also been discussed.

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