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arXiv 2025年

作者： He, Jie Yang, Yijun Long, Wanqiu Xiong, Deyi Basulto, Victor Gutierrez Pan, Jeff Z. School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin China School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University United Kingdom

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense potential across various tasks. However, research for exploring and improving the capabilities of LLMs in interpreting graph structures remains limited. To address this gap, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of prompting current open-source LLMs on graph-to-text generation tasks. Although we explored the optimal prompting strategies and proposed a novel and effective diversity-difficulty-based few-shot sample selection method, we found that the improvements from tuning-free approaches were incremental, as LLMs struggle with planning on complex graphs, particularly those with a larger number of triplets. To further improve LLMs in planning with graph sequences and grounding in truth, we introduce a new graph-to-text dataset, PlanGTG, annotated with two sub-tasks: reordering and attribution. Through extensive automatic and human evaluations, we demonstrate significant improvements in the quality of generated text from both few-shot learning and fine-tuning perspectives using the PlanGTG dataset. Our study paves the way for new research directions in graph-to-text generation1 © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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N2C2: Nearest Neighbor Enhanced Confidence Calibration for Cross-Lingual In-Context Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： He, Jie Yu, Simon Xiong, Deyi Basulto, Víctor Gutiérrez Pan, Jeff Z. School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University United Kingdom College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin China

Recent advancements of in-context learning (ICL) show language models can significantly improve their performance when demonstrations are provided. However, little attention has been paid to model calibration and prediction confidence of ICL in cross-lingual scenarios. To bridge this gap, we conduct a thorough analysis of ICL for cross-lingual sentiment classification. Our findings suggest that ICL performs poorly in cross-lingual scenarios, exhibiting low accuracy and presenting high calibration errors. In response, we propose a novel approach, N2C2, which employs a k-nearest neighbors augmented classifier for prediction confidence calibration. N2C2 narrows the prediction gap by leveraging a datastore of cached few-shot instances. Specifically, N2C2 integrates the predictions from the datastore and incorporates confidence-aware distribution, semantically consistent retrieval representation, and adaptive neighbor combination modules to effectively utilize the limited number of supporting instances. Evaluation on two multilingual sentiment classification datasets demonstrates that N2C2 outperforms traditional ICL. It surpasses fine tuning, prompt tuning and recent state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy and calibration errors. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Calibration

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Curious Administrator’s Misbehaviors in Message Layer Security (MLS)

Curious Administrator’s Misbehaviors in Message Layer Secur...

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International Conference on computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC)

作者： Hyoung-Kee Choi Songhui Kwon College of Computing and Informatics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331520960

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520977

A key factor of the MLS group protocol is that it provides asynchronously efficient group key establishment with forward secrecy and post-compromise security for many groups in a standardized way. End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is essential to fulfilling the correctness of security in a messenger application. The correctness heavily depends on the trustworthiness of a middleman server in the center where a curious administrator may break E2EE. If this happened the administrator as a nonmember could read messages and impersonate a member by intervening with group-key management. This paper presents an in-depth explanation of the MLS protocol and demonstrates a proof-of-concept of curious administrator’s misbehaviors by analyzing the protocol. Our research outputs suggest that unconditionally trustworthy relationships on the central server in designing network protocols for security needs to prepare for any incidents caused by misbehaving administrator of the central server.

关键词： Protocols Oral communication Message services Encryption Security Servers

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SEIMR: Secure and Ethical IoT Mixed Reality Integration Framework for Metaverse Experiences

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Uddin, Mueen Abdelhaq, Maha Alsufyani, Hamed Alanazi, Fuhid Alsaqour, Raed University of Doha for Science and Technology College of Computing and IT 24449 Qatar Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Information Technology Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Saudi Electronic University College of Computing and Informatics Department of Computer Science Riyadh11673 Saudi Arabia Islamic University of Madinah Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Madinah42351 Saudi Arabia Saudi Electronic University College of Computing and Informatics Department of Information Technology Riyadh93499 Saudi Arabia

Mixed Reality (MR) environments are increasingly integral to various applications, necessitating robust security and privacy measures. Current frameworks often fail to address the comprehensive integration of privacy preservation, security resilience, interoperability efficiency, and ethical compliance. This study aims to develop the SEIMR framework, which seamlessly integrates the Contextual Data Anonymization Protocol (CDAP), the Dynamic Threat Response Algorithm (DTRA), the Unified IoT-MR Interaction Protocol (UIMRIP), and the Adaptive Ethical Decision-Making Algorithm (AEDMA). CDAP ensures that user data are contextually anonymized, while DTRA dynamically identifies and mitigates security threats. UIMRIP facilitates the seamless integration of heterogeneous IoT devices with MR platforms, and AEDMA maintains ethical standards through adaptive decision making. SEIMR has practical applications in healthcare and education Metaverse systems, addressing privacy and interoperability challenges effectively. The framework was evaluated using the CICIDS2017 dataset, demonstrating superior performance with a 95% detection rate, 90% privacy preservation, 88% integration efficiency and 85% ethical compliance. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Secure Blockchain Model for Iomt Smart Mobility System 3rd

Secure Blockchain Model for Iomt Smart Mobility System

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3rd International Conference on computing and Communication Networks, ICCCN 2023

作者： Farahat, Ibrahim Shawky Elhoseny, Mohamed Elmougy, Samir Abualkishik, Abedallah Zaid Aladrousy, Waleed Tolba, Ahmed Elsaid Faculty of Computers and Information Luxor University Luxor85951 Egypt Faculty of Computers and Information Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt College of Computing and Informatics University of Sharjah Sharjah27272 United Arab Emirates American University in the Emirates Dubai United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9789819726707

With technological advancements, electronic health records (EHRs) have replaced paper records to improve patient treatment quality and effectiveness in civil hospitals and military treatment facilities. These records must access by doctors and nurses to help in treating the patients through the Internet. Also, the enormous quantity of medical data for each patient makes it difficult to secure it. These reasons make it possible for medical data to be stolen by hackers. So, organizing and securing patients’ medical data in both civil and military hospitals is one of the main issues in the healthcare field. So, a new blockchain technique is proposed to secure the patient’s medical data. By making it decentralized, this proposed blockchain uses smart mobility technology. A smart Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) mobility system is used to collect patient vital signs and then store them in the blockchain. A modified version of the Nik-512 algorithm is utilized to connect the blocks in the blockchain. This modified version of the Nik-512 uses the LZ4 algorithm to compress data. This work aims to minimize the hash code computation time by preventing the hash code from beginning with zeros. Also, we build an authentication parity technique that checks the identification of the doctor and patient before the transaction happens. Also, in this work, a new master contract system is developed to guarantee transferring the money from the patient’s wallet to the doctor’s wallet after the doctor sends the treatment to the patient. The experimental results prove that the proposed work using Nik-512 is faster than all pervious compared blockchain versions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Electronic health record

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A Smart Farming System for Rubber Nursery Management in Monitoring Plant Growth Performance Using IoT Technology 1

A Smart Farming System for Rubber Nursery Management in Moni...

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1st Engineering and Science International Conference 2024, ESIC 2024

作者： Sadikan, S.F.N. Aziz, M.L.H.A. Umor, M.A.S. Mahzan, S. Marjudi, S. Salamat, M.A. Dunne, R.S. Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology Universiti Teknologi MARA Merlimau Melaka77300 Malaysia College of Computing Informatics and Media Universiti Teknologi MARA Merlimau Melaka77300 Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Batu Pahat86400 Malaysia Faculty of Communication Visual art and Computing Universiti Selangor Kuala Selangor45600 Malaysia

Rubber plantations are an integral part of economy in Malaysia. However, inadequate soil moisture poses a significant problem for rubber trees as it can lead to water stress, ultimately hindering their growth, leaf development, and latex production. Water stress occurs when the trees are unable to obtain sufficient water from the soil, which resulting in stunted growth, leaf development, leading to fewer and smaller leaves. There is needed an effective water management strategy to ensure optimal growth of rubber trees for latex production. Thus, this project is aim to design and build an active soil monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). This system is made up of two major components: soil moisture and light intensity. The first component is a soil moisture sensor, which determines the soil's moisture content;light intensity sensor, which detects the intensity of the light and ANSELF Brushless DC Pump connected to an Arduino. This system provides sustainable solutions to increase crop output, reduce waste, and develop a greener plant cultivation. This smart monitoring plant growth system prototype is important in agriculture and plant production. It has potential to promote healthy plant growth and increase agricultural production. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Soil moisture

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Potential and Challenges of Assurance Cases for Simulation Validation 24

Potential and Challenges of Assurance Cases for Simulation V...

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Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference

作者： Pia Wilsdorf Steffen Zschaler Fiete Haack Adelinde M. Uhrmacher Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock Rostock GERMANY Department of Informatics King's College London London UK

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534202

Simulation studies require thorough validation to ensure model accuracy, reliability, and credibility. While validation typically focuses on the simulation model itself, additional artifacts also influence study outcomes. Conceptual models, comprising research questions, requirements, inputs and outputs, model content, assumptions, and simplifications, provide context information for interpreting results and assessing model suitability. Validating other simulation artifacts for their fitness-for-purpose is complex, necessitating structured arguments to increase confidence. This paper explores when and how validation arguments should be constructed throughout the modeling and simulation lifecycle. Drawing on concepts from safety assurance cases, it defines key claims for the various artifacts, discusses validation arguments from different perspectives - including process, product, people, and project - and illustrates them through a computational biology case study. We conclude with a discussion of the suitability of such structured arguments for the comprehensive validation of simulation studies.

关键词：

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Flexible Target Grasping Strategy of Industrial Robot Based on Eye-in-Hand 3D Machine Vision

Flexible Target Grasping Strategy of Industrial Robot Based ...

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Robotics and Technologies for Industrial Automation (ROBOTHIA), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Zhang XiaoYang Muhammad Azmi Ayub Fazlina Ahmat Ruslan Shuzlina Abdul-Rahman Sukarnur Che Abdullah College of Engineering UiTM Shah Alam Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia College of Computing Informatics and Media UiTM Shah Alam Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9798350356755

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356762

Object grasping is the most common application direction of robots, and machine vision technology is also the most common application of grasping. With the deepening of the research of machine vision technology, the initial application in static target capture has gradually expanded to some moving target tracking and capture. Estimating and predicting the moving state of a target by detecting its position is a common method for obtaining a stable moving target. Once the target motion changes position due to unpredictable interference, the original predicted position will be invalid. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly locate and track the target and judge the deviation, so as to constantly approach the new target position and finally achieve the capture. In this paper, we utilize the open-source Robot Operating System (ROS) platform to investigate dynamic grasping strategies based on visual feedback. In this paper, we use ROS, based on UR5 robot arm and RealSense D435i camera, based on the eye-in-hand mode, to study the dynamic grasping strategy based on visual feedback. A visual feedback control strategy based on fixation approximation is designed to enable the grasping of moving targets on a conveyor belt. Finally, it is verified that the machine vision-driven feedback capturing algorithm substantially meets the practical application requirements of engineering, demonstrating high feasibility and accuracy.

关键词： Visualization Target tracking Three-dimensional displays Service robots Machine vision Operating systems Robot vision systems Grasping Object detection Industrial robots

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Designing Quantum-Resilient Blockchain Frameworks: Enhancing Transactional Security with Quantum Algorithms in Decentralized Ledgers

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International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 618-628页

作者： Kale, Meenal R. Baker El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Sathiya, L. Burugari, Vijay Kumar Yulduz, Erkiniy Muniyandy, Elangovan Alanazi, Rakan Department of Humanities Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering Hingna Nagpur India Faculty of Informatics and Computing UniSZA University Malaysia Department of CSE Panimalar Engineering College Chennai India Dept of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Andhra Pradesh Guntur India Automatic Control and Computer Engineering Department Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent Tashkent Uzbekistan Department of Biosciences-Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Northern Border University Rafha Saudi Arabia

Quantum computing is progressing at a fast rate and there is a real threat that classical cryptographic methods can be compromised and therefore impact the security of blockchain networks. All of the ways used to secure blockchain like Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA), Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit (SHA256) are the characteristic of the traditional cryptographic techniques vulnerable to attack by quantum algorithms: Shor’s and Grover’s algorithms: can efficiently break asymmetric encryption and speed up brute force attacks. Because of this vulnerability, there exists a need to develop an advance quantum resilient blockchain framework to protect the decentralized ledgers from the future threats of the quantum. This research proposes Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Quantum Random Number Generation (QRNG) as a formidable architectural integration, to fortify security of blockchain. Classical encryption is replaced with PQC, QKD with secure key exchange by detecting eavesdropping, and QRNG with improving cryptographic randomness to remove the predictable key vulnerability. Only with a small loss of transaction efficiency, we increase transaction encryption accuracy, key exchange security, and resistance to quantum attacks. In this quantum enhanced blockchain design, the idea is to preserve the decentralization, transparency and security and at the same time overcome the future quantum threat. By going through rigorous analysis and comparative evaluation, we demonstrate that the approach saves blockchain networks from the emerging quantum risks to make sure that the decentralized finance, smart contracts and cross chain transactions. © (2025), (Science and Information Organization). All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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A Semi-decentralized Congestion-Free Multi-path Energy Routing for P2P Energy Trading Systems 8th

A Semi-decentralized Congestion-Free Multi-path Energy Routi...

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8th International Symposium on Modelling and Implementation of Complex Systems, MISC 2024

作者： Hebal, Sara Harous, Saad Mechta, Djamila Louail, Lemia LRSD Laboratory Department of Computer Science Sétif 1 University Ferhat Abbas Sétif19000 Algeria Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Informatics University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Université de Lorraine CNRS CRAN Nancy54000 France

ISBN: (纸本)9783031821110

The increased emphasis on clean energy has accelerated the integration of renewable energy sources into electrical grids, resulting in the rise of peer-to-peer energy trading systems. For optimal power dispatch and management the Energy Internet concept advocates using energy routers. Efficient energy routing algorithms are crucial for successful energy transfer between trading pairs in peer-to-peer energy trading across the complex Energy Internet. This research treats the energy routing problem as a non-convex, non-linear optimization problem using a combination technique of graph theory and non-convex nonlinear programming. It efficiently generates a multi-path solution for a trading pair, minimizing energy transmission loss while considering power flow direction constraints and accurately computing power losses during transmission which has not been considered in existing energy routing algorithms. A semi-decentralized approach with a priority concept is proposed for managing simultaneous power transmissions from multiple energy trading pairs, to avoid congestion and shift computational workloads to individual routers and the network system operator. The approach’s performance is assessed through numerical simulations and comparisons with existing energy routing algorithms to showcase its novelty in power loss reduction, congestion management, and adaptability. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Graph theory

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