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Technological innovations on direct carbon mitigation by ordered energy conversion and full resource utilization

Carbon Neutrality 2022年第1期1卷 598-619页

作者： Liejin Guo Zhisong Ou Ya Liu Zhiwei Ge Hui Jin Guobiao Ou Mengmeng Song Zihao Jiao Wenhao Jing State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityNo.28Xianning West RoadXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China

Coal consumption leads to over 15 billion tons of global CO_(2) emissions annually,which will continue at a considerable intensity in the foreseeable *** remove the huge amount of CO_(2),a practically feasible way of direct carbon mitigation,instead of capturing that from dilute tail gases,should be developed;as intended,we developed two innovative supporting technologies,of which the status,strengths,applications,and perspective are discussed in this *** is supercritical water gasification-based coal/biomass utilization technology,which orderly converts chemical energy of coal and low-grade heat into hydrogen energy,and can achieve poly-generation of steam,heat,hydrogen,power,pure CO_(2),and *** other one is the renewables-powered CO_(2) reduction techniques,which uses CO_(2) as the resource for carbon-based fuel *** combining the above two technical loops,one can achieve a full resource utilization and zero CO_(2) emission,making it a practically feasible way for China and global countries to achieve carbon neutrality while creating substantial domestic benefits of economic growth,competitiveness,well-beings,and new industries.

关键词： Carbon neutrality Coal utilization Direct carbon mitigation Supercritical water gasification Renewable energy CO_(2)reduction

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Angle Scattering Method for Soot Concentration Measurement under Ultra-Low Emissions Condition

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Energy engineering 2022年第2期119卷 511-522页

作者： Bin Yang Xingchen Zhu Jie Deng Xiaoxu Guo Jinke Han Xiaowei Liu School of Energy and Power Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Aiming at the problem of soot concentration measurement under ultra-low emission conditions,a forward small angle soot concentration measurement method is *** a typical boiler emission of 0.1μm-3.0μm bimodal distribution soot as an object,the particle scatter simulation calculation under different parameters is carried out,and the influence of detection angle and particle size on the angular scatteringmeasurement of ultra-low emission soot is *** influence of detection angle and particle size on the angular scatteringmeasurement of ultra-lowemission soot is ***,thewavelength of incident light is 650 nm,and the forward detection angle parameter is 15◦for the design of forward small angle soot concentration measurement *** experimental system for measuring soot with standard concentration is *** of particle concentration measurement of 1.0μm and 3.0μm under ultra-low emission conditions are carried *** results show that the average deviation of soot concentration measurement is less than 0.10 mg/m3 under the condition of ultra-low emission by using 15◦of forward detection,which provides an effective way for monitoring ultra-low emission soot concentration in coal-fired power plants.

关键词： Emission monitoring ultra-low emission soot concentration angular scattering

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氧化铁光阳极界面内建电场调控强化光生电荷空间分离

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Science China Materials 2023年第2期66卷 603-613页

作者：卯连连邓豪李明涛沈少华 International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

为了缓解氧化铁光阳极内部和表面的电荷复合,本文引入了一种界面电荷调控策略,利用界面内建电场(IEF)促进电荷的空间分离.水热生长的钛掺杂氧化铁(Hem)纳米棒通过简单的两步浸渍涂层过程,以石墨相氮化碳(g-C_(3)N_(4))和小的三氧化钼(Mo... 详细信息

为了缓解氧化铁光阳极内部和表面的电荷复合,本文引入了一种界面电荷调控策略,利用界面内建电场(IEF)促进电荷的空间分离.水热生长的钛掺杂氧化铁(Hem)纳米棒通过简单的两步浸渍涂层过程,以石墨相氮化碳(g-C_(3)N_(4))和小的三氧化钼(MoO_(3))团簇进行修饰.与原始的Hem相比,得到的Hem/C_(3)N_(4)/MoO_(3)表现出显著增强的光电化学分解水性能,相对于可逆氢电极,在1.23 V时,光阳极电流密度从0.3 mA cm^(-2)显著提高到1.6 mA cm^(-2),入射光子-电流转换效率在300 nm时达到18.4%.结果表明,在Hem/C_(3)N_(4)/MoO_(3)异质结中引入IEF是通过调控界面电荷特性实现的,此界面电荷特性是由Hem/C_(3)N_(4)界面的TypeⅡ能带排列和光阳极表面增强的能带弯曲所引起的,IEF能显著促进电荷的空间分离.研究这一界面电荷调控过程能为基于氧化铁的光阳极和其他半导体器件提供一种简单有效的策略,通过缓解载流子传输动力学的瓶颈,促进电荷的空间分离,实现高效的太阳能转换.

关键词：太阳能转换阳极电流密度半导体器件能带弯曲入射光子石墨相氮化碳载流子传输氢电极

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Deformation Analysis and Prediction of Pneumatic Probe Based on Fluid-structure Interaction

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International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems 2023年第1期16卷 1-13页

作者： Fan, Yang Dexin, Qiu Xinwei, Zhao Qingyi, Sai Xiaoshu, Cai School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 516 Jungong Road Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Sh anghai for Science and Technology No. 516 Jungong Road Shanghai200093 China

As an essential tool for measuring flow field, pneumatic probes have gained a wide range of applications. In order to obtain the flow field parameters accurately, it is also crucial to study the deformation of the pneumatic probe structure in flow field. In this paper, the deformation of the conical probe is numerically simulated under the condition of steady incoming flow in the transonic flow field. The fluid-structure interaction and modal analysis methods are used to obtain the deformation and vibration frequency of the probe. The results show that the vibration of the probe is underdamped under the action of two-way fluid-structure interaction, and the total deformation decays exponentially, and the total deformation after stabilization is the same as the result of one-way fluid-structure interaction. For the same material probe, the total deformation changes with time in the same dimensionless expression, and the vibration frequency as well as damping factor do not change due to the variation of flow field. The accuracy of the dimensionless expressions was verified by different incoming flow conditions and the probe material. For the cases studied in this paper, the maximum total deformation, vibration frequency and damping factor of the probe in the flow field can be obtained by using one-way fluid-structure interaction, modal analysis and two-way fluid-structure interaction with a small number of cycles, respectively, so that the total deformation of the probe in the flow field can be predicted over time. The method obtained in this paper can significantly reduce the calculation time for obtaining the probe deformation data in the flow field and improve the work efficiency, which can provide a reference for the design, calibration and application of probes in engineering applications. © 2023, Turbomachinery Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Modal analysis

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Heterobimetallic CoCeO_(x) derived from cobalt partially-substituted Ce-UiO-66 for chlorobenzene efficient catalytic destruction

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第6期41卷 810-819,I0001页

作者： Lu Li Shuangshuang Fu Dan Tao Jiaxun Zhang Mingjiao Tian Jianwen Shi Mudi Ma Chi He State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable EnergySchool of Electrical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China College of Geology and Environment Xi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Here,a metal-organic framework(MOF)-templated strategy was applied to synthesize the CoCeO_(x) bimetallic catalysts by calcining Co partially-substituted *** is indicated that the substituted Co limited Ce cations in Ce-UiO-66 framework,which affects its growth and structure crystallinity to some *** pyrolysis treatment,the derived bimetallic oxide(CoCeO_(x)-M)can basically keep the octahedral structure and the surface area is much higher than the bulk metal composite oxide(CoCeO_(x)-B)prepared by traditional *** reveal that CoCeO_(x)-M performs the best chlorobenzene degradation capacity,superior stability and vapor tolerance compared with those of CeO_(2)-M(derived from Ce-UiO-66)and CoCeO_(x)-*** the same time,it is favorable to inhibit the formation of CO during the oxidation *** superior catalytic performance of CoCeO_(x)-M is attributed to a good dispersion of metal cations,high surface area and active oxygen concentration,and good redox ***,the formation of organic byproducts especially chlorinated organics can be obviously prohibited over CoCeO_(x)-M compared with that of CeO_(2)-*** study reveals that chlorobenzene dissociates on the surface of CoCeO_(x)-M to form carboxylates such as acetate species,maleate and phenolate before finally oxidized into CO_(2),H_(2)O,and *** present work poses new insights into the fabrication of efficient catalysts for industrial CVOC purification.

关键词： Ce-UiO-66 CoCeO_(x)bimetallic oxide Chlorobenzene Catalytic oxidation Reaction mechanism Rare earths

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Optimization of Thermal Conductivity of Alumina-Filled Composites by Numerical Simulations

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第4期32卷 1569-1582页

作者： LI Shikun LIU Bin JIA Xiao XU Min ZONG Ruoyu LIU Guohua HUAI Xiulan Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System Nanjing211135China

Understanding the correlation between the physical features of composite components and thermal conductive pathway is beneficial to optimizing the overall heat-transfer ***,we conduct numerical simulation to investigate the thermal conductivity and heat flux distributions of alumina(Al_(2)O_(3))-filled *** finite element model was verified by both experimental data and theoretical *** crucial factors include the influence of the interface thermal resistance,the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the matrix and Al_(2)O_(3)filler,and the size effect of Al_(2)O_(3)fillers were *** single Al_(2)O_(3)-filled composites,the results indicate that increasing the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the matrix is conductive to bridge the Al_(2)O_(3)pathway along heat-transfer direction,but there are very limited contributions by enhancing the intrinsic thermal conductivity of Al_(2)O_(3)filler,tuning the size of Al_(2)O_(3)filler,and reducing the interface thermal *** introducing the multiscale fillers,it is found that the high thermal conductivity can be achieved by regulating their size matching *** the optimal binary ratio of 70:30(40µm:15µm)and ternary ratio of 55:35:10(40µm:15µm:10µm),the heat-conduction network presents the dominant skeleton of large-sized filler and the bridging branch of small-sized fillers features,which facilitates the formation of a complete and continuous thermal conductive *** study gives a practical guidance for the thermal conductive design of Al_(2)O_(3)-filled composites.

关键词： optimization size matching effect thermal conductivity numerical simulation multiscale Al_(2)O_(3)filler

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Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Nuclear Closed Air Brayton Cycle 1

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23rd Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference, PBNC 2022

作者： Fang, Huawei Yi, Jingwei Zhang, Xiaoyu Liang, Tiebo Qian, Yiran Tang, Xin Chen, Weixiong Key Laboratory of Nuclear Reactor System Design Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China Sichuan Chengdu China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an China

ISBN: (数字)9789811988998

ISBN: (纸本)9789811988981

In order to improve the flexibility and adaptability of micro nuclear power systems, air is considered as an optional working fluid of nuclear Brayton cycle. It has ability to avoid shortage of working fluid under extreme conditions, and ensure the system operating with tight supply. Compared with the traditional open cycles, the closed cycle has advantages of higher cycle efficiency, smaller equipment size and higher power density. Few of closed air power cycle in nuclear power system has been studied by now. In this paper, cycle parameters were analyzed and designed, and optimal cycle performance was compared between cycle constructions. Four closed air Brayton cycles are proposed and modeled in EBSILON 15.0, including simple regenerative cycle (SRC), intercooling regenerative cycle (IRC), reheat regenerative cycle (RRC) and intercooling-reheat regenerative cycle (IRRC). Thermodynamic analysis of the key parameters is conducted, including pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature, compressor inlet temperature and pressure. In addition, the genetic algorithm (GA) is applied for multi-parameters optimization for the maximal cycle efficiency. Result shows that with the increase of pressure ratio, the efficiency of SRC increases firstly and then decreases. With the increase of turbine inlet temperature, the pressure ratio corresponding to the maximal cycle efficiency increases gradually. Specific work gradually increases with pressure ratio. In higher turbine inlet temperature, the rising velocity of specific work is faster. Cycle efficiency increases with compressor inlet pressure, and this trend tend to be slower in high pressure region. With the increasing of compressor inlet pressure, optimal pressure ratio decreases and finally approaches to 2.0. The cycle minimal cycle pressure was selected as 6 MPa. Maximal efficiency and corresponding pressure ratio increase with turbine inlet temperature increasing and decrease with compressor inlet temperature increasing. Co

关键词： Air

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利用三元合金保护和催化的硅光阳极与廉价硅太阳能电池相结合实现12.0%的太阳能制氢效率

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engineering 2023年第6期25卷 128-137,M0006页

作者：何凌云洪欣王亦清邢众航耿嘉峰郭鹏慧苏进展沈少华 International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

n型硅(n-Si)表面在水溶液中容易被氧化和钝化,导致其在光电化学(PEC)分解水的析氧反应(OER)动力学缓慢。本工作通过欠电位沉积成功地在p^(+)n-Si基底上电沉积了三金属Ni_(0.9)Fe_(0.05)Co_(0.05)保护层。制备的Ni_(0.9)Fe_(0.05)Co_(0.0... 详细信息

n型硅(n-Si)表面在水溶液中容易被氧化和钝化,导致其在光电化学(PEC)分解水的析氧反应(OER)动力学缓慢。本工作通过欠电位沉积成功地在p^(+)n-Si基底上电沉积了三金属Ni_(0.9)Fe_(0.05)Co_(0.05)保护层。制备的Ni_(0.9)Fe_(0.05)Co_(0.05)/p^(+)n-Si光阳极具有优异的稳定性和PEC水氧化活性,具有相对低的OER起始电位(相对于可逆氢电极电势(RHE)仅为0.938 V),并且在1.23 V ***电位时具有较高的光电流密度(33.1 m A·cm^(-2)),显著优于Ni/p^(+)n-Si光阳极。工作证明了Fe在Ni层的掺杂会在Ni_(0.9)Fe_(0.05)Co_(0.05)/p^(+)n-Si界面处产生较大的能带弯曲,促进界面电荷分离。此外,Co的加入会产生丰富的Ni^(3+)和氧空位(Ov),作为活性位点可以加速OER动力学过程,协同促进PEC过程中的水氧化的活性。令人鼓舞的是,通过将Ni_(0.9)Fe_(0.05)Co_(0.05)/p^(+)n-Si光阳极连接到廉价的硅太阳能电池上,所制备的集成光伏/PEC(PV/PEC)器件实现了无偏压下高达12.0%的太阳制氢能量转换效率。这项工作提供了一种简单的方法来设计高效、稳定的n-Si基光阳极,并对其构效关系有了深刻的理解;这种方法制备的材料在集成低成本PV/PEC器件用于无辅助太阳能驱动水分解方面具有巨大的潜力。

关键词：欠电位沉积电极电势阳极连接硅太阳能电池能量转换效率太阳能制氢能带弯曲光阳极

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Comparison of Dynamical System Scaling and Hierarchical Two-Tiered Scaling applications with Definite Solution Analogy Theory to the passive residual heat removal system of Fluoride-Salt-cooled high-Temperature Advanced Reactor 20

Comparison of Dynamical System Scaling and Hierarchical Two-...

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20th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2023

作者： Li, Xinyu Zhang, Dalin Zhou, Xingguang Lv, Xindi Jiang, Dianqiang Wu, Zhiyuan Li, Sijun Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487934

The Passive Residual Heat Removal System (PRHRS) of Fluoride-Salt-cooled high-Temperature Advanced Reactor (FuSTAR) has already been designed and scaled by the Hierarchical Two-Tiered Scaling (H2TS).However, considering the difficulties to identify the distortion of the dynamic response, the Dynamical System Scaling(DSS) method was also adopted for comparison in this ***, based on the dimensionless governing equations without any common assumptions of the natural cycle process in PRHRS, the Definite Solution Analogy Theory (DSAT) was put forward in this study to calibrate dimensionless numbers based on differential *** the parameters of geometric and thermohydraulics were re-evaluated by the DSS method and compared with those from the H2TS *** results show that H2TS and DSS are equivalent in experimental design results under the constraint of *** H2TS method is better at accurately quantifying the deviation item by item, while the DSS method can find the most suitable experimental structure more quickly. © 2023 Proceedings of the 20th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hierarchical systems

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Influence of active and passive equipment for advanced pressurized water reactor on thermal hydraulic and source term behavior in severe accidents

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Energy Storage and Saving 2023年第1期2卷 392-402页

作者： Jishen Li Bin Zhang School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

Extensive studies have been carried out on the behavior of core degradation and fission products of common pressurized water reactors(PWRs).However,few of them have investigated the relationship between thermal hydraulic and fission product behavior in advanced passive *** to the impact of thermal hydraulic be-haviors in different accident sequences on the release and transportation of fission products,an integrated severe accident analysis(ISAA)code with highly coupled thermal hydraulic and source term calculations is required to simultaneously analyze thermal hydraulic and source term *** advanced passive PWRs,important safety systems that may affect the behavior of the core and fission products should be *** is therefore necessary to simulate the thermal hydraulic and fission product behavior of advanced passive *** this study,the ISAA code is adopted to simulate the occurrence of a hypothetical double ended cold leg LBLOCA of HPR1000 in three scenarios of equipment *** results show that the high-temperature fuel rods and cladding ma-terials exhibit delayed failure at the lower position of the active core,whereas earlier failure at higher position during the *** and passive equipment affects fuel temperature,the oxidation conditions of the fuel,the interaction of fission products and structural materials,and the state of the fuel,thereby affecting the release of fission products in the ***1000 only relies on passive equipment to relieve the core degradation in severe accidents,realize the in-vessel retention of melt,and eliminate the ex-vessel release possibility of fission *** is hoped that the results can provide references for HPR1000 to formulate the severe accident management guidelines(SAMG).

关键词： Nuclear safety LBLOCA Severe accident Source term HPR1000 Active and passive equipment

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