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Tailoring Second Coordination Sphere for Tunable Solid–Liquid Interfacial Charge Transfer toward Enhanced Photoelectrochemical H2Production

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第22期136卷

作者： Dr. Yangguang Hu Dr. Wu Zhou Dr. Wanbing Gong Prof. Chao Gao Prof. Shaohua Shen Prof. Tingting Kong Prof. Yujie Xiong Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University 241002 Wuhu Anhui China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China 230026 Hefei Anhui China These authors equally contributed to this work International Research Centre for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 Xi'an Shaanxi China

The recombination of photogenerated charge carriers severely limits the performance of photoelectrochemical (PEC) H 2 production. Here, we demonstrate that this limitation can be overcome by optimizing the charge transfer dynamics at the solid–liquid interface via molecular catalyst design. Specifically, the surface of a p-Si photocathode is modulated using molecular catalysts with different metal atoms and organic ligands to improve H 2 production performance. Co(pda-SO 3 H) 2 is identified as an efficient and durable catalyst for H 2 production through the rational design of metal centers and first/second coordination spheres. The modulation with Co(pda-SO 3 H) 2 , which contains an electron-withdrawing −SO 3 H group in the second coordination sphere, elevates the flat-band potential of the polished p-Si photocathode and nanoporous p-Si photocathode by 81 mV and 124 mV, respectively, leading to the maximized energy band bending and the minimized interfacial carrier transport resistance. Consequently, both the two photocathodes achieve the Faradaic efficiency of more than 95 % for H 2 production, which is well maintained during 18 h and 21 h reaction, respectively. This work highlights that the band-edge engineering by molecular catalysts could be an important design consideration for semiconductor–catalyst hybrids toward PEC H 2 production.

关键词： PEC H2 production molecular catalyst coordination sphere surface modulation charge transfer

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Enhanced efficiency in Concentrated Parabolic Solar Collector(CPSC) with a porous absorber tube filled with metal nanoparticle suspension

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Green Energy & Environment 2018年第2期3卷 129-137页

作者： Mohammad Hatami Jiafeng Geng Dengwei Jing Mechanical Engineering Department Esfarayen University of Technology (EUT) International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University

In this study, effects of different nanoparticles and porosity of absorber tube on the performance of a Concentrating Parabolic Solar Collector(CPSC) were investigated. A section of porous-filled absorber tube was modeled as a semi-circular cavity under the solar radiation which is filled by nanofluids and the governing equations were solved by FlexPDE numerical software. The effect of four physical parameters, nanoparticles type, nanoparticles volume fraction(φ), Darcy number(Da) and Rayleigh number(Ra), on the Nusselt number(Nu) was discussed. It turns out that Cu nanoparticle is the most suitable one for such solar collectors, compared to the commonly used Fe_3O_4, Al_2O_3, TiO_*** the increased addition of Cu nanoparticles all the parameters φ, Da and Ra shows a significant increase against the Nu, indicates the enhanced heat transfer in such cases. As a result, low concentration of Cu nanoparticle suspension combined with porous matrix was supposed to be beneficial for the performance enhancement of concentrating parabolic solar collector.

关键词： Concentrating parabolic solar collector Porous absorber tube Nanofluid Nusselt number Finite Element Method

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Boosted activity and water resistance towards catalytic ethyl acetate degradation over hierarchical MnO x /meso-KZSM-5: K-incursion enriched active oxygen and Mn 4 + species

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Applied Catalysis B: Environment and Energy 2025年 378卷

作者： Mudi Ma Shuai Xu Roong Jien Wong Changwei Chen Yutao Chen Qiyuan Liu Chi He State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 PR China Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region Ministry of Education School of Water and Environment Chang’an University Xi’an 710064 PR China Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A⁎STAR) 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island 627833 Singapore Department of Environmental Engineering College of Geology and Environment Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710054 PR China National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 PR China

Developing efficient and economical catalysts with superior mineralization rate and water resistance for industrial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) low-temperature deep degradation is of great significance. Herein, hierarchical MnO x /meso-KZSM-5 catalyst was engineered via a wetness impregnation approach, achieving 100 % CO 2 yield at 260 °C in ethyl acetate (EA) oxidation, over 100 °C lower than that of Mn/HZSM-5. Adsorbed oxygen species (O ads ) and Mn 4+ respectively play vital roles in EA conversion to intermediates with long chain and deep degradation of intermediate with short chain. The presence of K reduces sites for H 2 O adsorption and maintains the Mn 4+ sites, thereby enhancing the water resistance and CO 2 yield simultaneously. Besides, the K species serves as an additional site for O 2 adsorption to compensate for the reduction in O ads species due to the decrease in oxygen vacancies. Remarkably, the outstanding performance of monolithic Mn/meso-KZSM-5/cordierite in EA oxidation further extends the practical feasibility of above strategy.

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Spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in non-Hermitian photonic graphene

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Zhaoyang Kokhanchik, Pavel Liu, Zhenzhi Shen, Yutong Liu, Fu Liu, Maochang Zhang, Yanpeng Xiao, Min Malpuech, Guillaume Solnyshkov, Dmitry Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique School of Electronic Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronics and Information Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Institut Pascal PHOTON-N2 Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS Clermont INP Clermont-FerrandF-63000 France International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Paris75231 France

Optical beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) have numerous potential applications, but the means used for their generation often lack crucial on-demand control. In this work, we present a mechanism of converting spin angular momentum (SAM) to OAM in a non-structured beam. The conversion occurs through spin-orbit coupling in a reconfigurable photonic honeycomb lattice with staggering implemented by electromagnetically-induced transparency in an atomic vapor cell. The spin-orbit coupling allows to outcouple the OAM signal from a particular band in a given valley determined by the chirality of light or the lattice staggering, providing a non-zero Berry curvature for generating OAM. The dependence of the output OAM on the chirality of the input beam is the first control knob. The staggering works as a second control knob, flipping the sign of OAM for the fixed chirality. The demonstrated conversion between SAM and OAM is important for optical communications. Our results can be extended to other implementations of paraxial photonic graphene. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Angular momentum

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Instantaneous liquid and gas leakage flow during plunger lifting process in vertical wells 11

Instantaneous liquid and gas leakage flow during plunger lif...

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11th North American Conference on multiphase Technology

作者： Zhao, K. Bai, B. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University China

Plunger lift is an economical artificial lift method to solve the liquid loading problem in gas wells. Because of the inevitable annular gap between plunger and tube wall, the liquid above plunger may leak downward and the gas may slip upward during lifting process. How to quantitatively describe the gas-liquid counter-current flow sealing property is still challenging to optimize the plunger lift method. In this paper, the liquid leakage and gas slippage were observed experimentally. The transient physical models for gas and liquid leakage were proposed and verified. © 11th North American Conference on multiphase Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Liquids

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Photothermal Synergistic Effect Induces Bimetallic Cooperation to Modulate Product Selectivity of CO2Reduction on Different CeO2Crystal Facets

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第46期136卷

作者： Yuqi Ren Yitao Si Mingyue Du Changjun You Chunyang Zhang Yuan-Hao Zhu Prof. Zhenkun Sun Prof. Kai Huang Prof. Maochang Liu Prof. Lunbo Duan Prof. Naixu Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University No.2 Dongnandaxue Road Nanjing 211189 Jiangsu P.R. China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 P.R. China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Environment No.2 Dongnandaxue Road Nanjing 210096 Jiangsu P.R. China

Product selectivity of solar-driven CO 2 reduction and H 2 O oxidation reactions has been successfully controlled by tuning the spatial distance between Pt/Au bimetallic active sites on different crystal facets of CeO 2 catalysts. The replacement depth of Ce atoms by monatomic Pt determines the distance between bimetallic sites, while Au clusters are deposited on the surface. This space configuration creates a favourable microenvironment for the migration of active hydrogen species (*H). The *H is generated via the activation of H 2 O on monatomic Pt sites and migrate towards Au clusters with a strong capacity for CO 2 adsorption. Under concentrated solar irradiation, selectivity of the (100) facet towards CO is 100 %, and the selectivity of the (110) and (111) facets towards CH 4 is 33.5 % and 97.6 %, respectively. Notably, the CH 4 yield on the (111) facet is as high as 369.4 μmol/g/h, and the solar-to-chemical energy efficiency of 0.23 % is 33.8 times higher than that under non-concentrated solar irradiation. The impacts of high-density flux photon and thermal effects on carriers and *H migration at the microscale are comprehensively discussed. This study provides a new avenue for tuning the spatial distance between active sites to achieve optimal product selectivity.

关键词： Photothermal catalysis CO2 reduction Product selectivity Bimetallic active sites Spatial distance

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Gas emission source term estimation with 1-step nonlinear partial swarm optimization-Tikhonov regularization hybrid method

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2018年第2期26卷 356-363页

作者： Denglong Ma Wei Tan Zaoxiao Zhang Jun Hu School of Food Equipment Engineering and Science Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University

Source term identification is very important for the contaminant gas emission event. Thus, it is necessary to study the source parameter estimation method with high computation efficiency, high estimation accuracy and reasonable confidence interval. Tikhonov regularization method is a potential good tool to identify the source parameters. However, it is invalid for nonlinear inverse problem like gas emission process. 2-step nonlinear and linear PSO （partial swarm optimization）-Tikhonov regularization method proposed previously have estimated the emission source parameters successfully. But there are still some problems in computation efficiency and confidence interval. Hence, a new 1-step nonlinear method combined Tikhonov regularizafion and PSO algorithm with nonlinear forward dispersion model was proposed. First, the method was tested with simulation and experiment cases. The test results showed that 1-step nonlinear hybrid method is able to estimate multiple source parameters with reasonable confidence interval. Then, the estimation performances of different methods were compared with different cases. The estimation values with 1-step nonlinear method were close to that with 2-step nonlinear and linear PSO-Tikhonov regularization method, 1-step nonlinear method even performs better than other two methods in some cases, especially for source strength and downwind distance estimation. Compared with 2-step nonlinear method, 1-step method has higher computation efficiency. On the other hand, the confidence intervals with the method proposed in this paper seem more reasonable than that with other two methods. Finally, single PSO algorithm was compared with 1-step nonlinear PSO-Tikhonov hybrid regularization method. The results showed that the skill scores of 1-step nonlinear hybrid method to estimate source parameters were close to that of single PSO method and even better in some cases. One more important property of 1-step nonlinear PSO-Tikhonov regularization metho

关键词： Parameter estimation Parameter regularization method Source identification Inverse problem

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The mechanism of enhancement or deterioration for nanofluid flow boiling based on the experimental results 27

The mechanism of enhancement or deterioration for nanofluid ...

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27th International Conference on Nuclear engineering: Nuclear power Saves the World!, ICONE 2019

作者： Wang, Y. Wu, J.M. Zan, Y.F. Qiu, S.Z. Deng, K.H. Yue, N.N. Su, G.H. CNNC Key Laboratory on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China 328 Changshun Avenue Chengdu610213 China State Key Labortatory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road 28# Xi'an710049 China School of Aerospace State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West road 28# Xi'an710049 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West road 28# Xi'an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9784888983051

Nanofluid is a potential working fluid for new heat transfer technology. However, the investigation on its ability of flow boiling heat transfer is really scarce. Papers focused on nanolfuid flow boiling is much less than it pool boiling. In addition, the flow boiling heat transfer is enhanced or deteriorated has been extremely controversial for over ten years. In present work, an experimental set up is designed and carried out. Moreover, the flow boiling heat transfer of nanofluid is experimental studied with the consideration of working conditions and nanofluid types. The results indicate that both the enhancement and deterioration of nanofluid flow boiling are discovered. Moreover, the flow boiling heat transfer of nanofluid which is composed of non-metallic compound nanoparticles are deteriorated under most working conditions. What's more important is that it is deteriorated under lower pressure and enhanced under higher pressure for the same kind of nanofluid like SiC/H2O and Graphite/H2O. After all, the phenomena are explained and a mechanism is proposed of nanofluid flow boiling enhancement or deterioration based on the experimental results. Copyright © 2018-2019 by JSME

关键词： Deterioration

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Dynamic modeling of a NG-fueled SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system coupled with TSA process for fuel cell vehicle 10

Dynamic modeling of a NG-fueled SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system cou...

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10th International Conference on Applied Energy, ICAE 2018

作者： Wu, Zhen Ni, Meng Zhu, Pengfei Zhang, Zaoxiao Building Energy Research Group Department of Building and Real Estate Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Fuel cell power technology has drawn extensive attentions due to its high efficiency, low emission and noise. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) could generate the power by diverse fuels, such as natural gas (NG), while proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) only feeds on pure H2. More and more attentions are paid on the combination of SOFC and PEMFC for high efficiency and convenient refueling in the practical applications. To obtain H2 fuel with high purity from SOFC as a reformer, the gas processing subsystem for H2 separation and purification should be applied between SOFC and PEMFC. In this present study, the gas processing subsystem, consisting of water gas shift (WGS) and thermal swing adsorption (TSA), is introduced into the SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system. Then, the SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid system is modelled to investigate the transient behaviors under different operations. The simulation results show that the SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid system has an improved energy conversion efficiency of approximately 64%, which is higher than the only-SOFC and the reform-PEMFC. The waste heat recovery for driving the TSA reaction accounts for the higher net electricity efficiency compared with the SOFC-PEMFC hybrid system based on the pressure swing adsorption (PSA) for H2 separation. Since the SOFC and PEMFC have completely different transient responses to the change of the loading, the influences of operating conditions of fuel cell vehicles on the transient behaviors of single SOFC and PEMFC and the overall performance of the SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid system are further investigated. Through the analysis and discussion based on the dynamic modelling, the operation strategy is unveiled in this paper for the performance optimization of the hybrid system when installed in the fuel cell vehicles. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under respons

关键词： Waste heat

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STUDY ON ON-LINE DETECTION TECHNOLOGY OF OXIDE SCALE BASED ON MAGNETIC SENSITIVITY AND GRANULARITY BEHAVIOR 9

STUDY ON ON-LINE DETECTION TECHNOLOGY OF OXIDE SCALE BASED O...

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Joint 9th International Conference on Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil power Plants, EPRI 2019 and the 2nd International 123HiMAT Conference on High-Temperature Materials

作者： Aijun, Yan Zhigang, Li Hongnian, Dong Yue, Qiao Chen, Hao Shunsen, Wang Li, Fang Jingru, Mao Kang, Chen Jiacheng, Wang Jingyi, Du Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Shaanxi Xi'an710054 China Xi'an Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Xi'an710054 China Xi'an University of Science and Technology Shaanxi Xi'an710054 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781627082716

The oxide exfoliation is one of the main problems that cause the explosion of superheater or reheater, which threaten the safety of power plant units, but there is no direct test method of the particle concentration of the scales in high temperature steam. Based on the study of ferromagnetic and optical characteristics of scales, the technology and equipment were developed for on-line measurement based on magnetic sensitivity and granularity behavior. Through numerical simulation and dynamic simulation experiments of scale movement under high temperature and high pressure steam, calculating method of the particle concertation of scales in the main steam or reheated steam pipeline was retrieved by local sampling concentration. © 2019 ASM International® All rights reserved.

关键词： Steam

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