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Rapid Methane Hydrate Formation in Open-Cell Copper Foam 4th

Rapid Methane Hydrate Formation in Open-Cell Copper Foam

4th International Technical Symposium on Deepwater Oil and Gas engineering and 3rd International Youth Forum on Gas Hydrate, DWOG-Hyd 2021

作者： Wang, Jiajie Yang, Liang Shao, Xinxin Zhang, Hao School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811909597

Rapid methane hydrate formation with high gas storage capacity is very important for the application of natural gas hydrates technology. Three pieces of open-cell copper foam (CF) with different pore densities (or pores per inch, PPI) herein were immersed in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution for enhancing methane storage in solid hydrate. The promotion effects of CF on the methane hydrate formation in the metal-embedded systems were investigated via an unstirred tank reactor. The results demonstrated that the surface of CF skeleton is covered with abundant micro holes and micro grooves, which can provide many metal nuclei for gas-water crystallization. The nest-like metal skeleton acts as crisscross "highway" for the crystallization heat transfer. Methane hydrate was quickly formed in the SDS/CF systems, but CF with the pore densities of 5 and 30 PPI was not favorable for conversion of more water to hydrate. Compared with these two composite systems, the SDS solution with the 15 PPI CF were able to store more methane at a faster formation rate. A theoretical model based highly porous two-phase systems was used to predict the effective thermal conductivity (ETC) of the metal foam filled with hydrate. It was found that the ETC of the hydrate/CF composite was significantly enhanced by employing CF matrix, and the low pore density CF had a more positive impact on improving the ETC of the composite. Further comparative experiments conducted at various pressures indicated that the solutions with 15 PPI CF exhibited higher methane storage capacities and larger hydration rates than the simple SDS solution, especially at the low pressure. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Sodium dodecyl sulfate

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Novel Catalyst Coatings on Gas Diffusion Layers for Improved Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis: A Microscopic Analysis of D-Orbital Electron Interactions in Co0.75Ru0.21Ir0.04O0.9

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Weiding Wang, Hao Zhang, Yan Yang, Suyi Wang, Baoyuan Dong, Wenxuan Li, Lubing Zhang, Lei Su, Jinzhan Guo, Liejin International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy & Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) has emerged as a reliable water splitting technology in recent years. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode, is the rate-determining step in water electrolysis, and therefore, the kinetic and mass transfer performance of the oxygen evolution reaction should be further studied. Efficient electron and water transfer between the catalyst layer (CL) and gas diffusion layer (GDL) is crucial for optimizing PEMWE performance. In this work, Ru-core modified materials were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method and then spray-coated onto the surface of the gas diffusion layer. Physical and electrochemical characterization showed that 0.10 mg cm-2 was the optimal dosage of the coating. The single cell with this optimal coating exhibited a well-promoted and outstanding performance that a cell voltage of 1.71 V@1 A cm-2 and an overpotential of 222 mV@10 mA cm-2. This enhancement was primarily attributed to the improved ohmic and mass transfer properties. Specifically, the promotion of kinetic and mass transfer performance was due to the attraction of the empty d-orbitals of Ru, Co, and Ir, which enhanced electron transmission between the catalyst layer (CL) and gas diffusion layer. Physical analysis revealed that the reductive gaseous products caused Co (Ⅲ) to transform to Co (Ⅱ) and the formation of Co3O4 and RuO2 was well-protected by the Co (II)-rich Co3O4 phase due to its reductivity nature. Additionally, the effusion of gaseous products from the solid phase accelerated pore formation, thereby increasing the specific surface area of the material. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrolysis

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A Numerical Study on Convective Condensation of Flue Gas in Tubular Heat Exchangers

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Kaixuan Yang, Jiahui Da, Yaodong Han, Lei Deng, Lei Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Accurate calculation of heat transfer process in condensing heat exchanger plays a crucial role in the waste heat recovery. In this study, the convective-condensation heat transfer process in a condensing heat exchanger with five small heat exchangers is analyzed through utilizing a new numerical simulation model. The method that loads the latent heat of vaporization as heat generation rate is adopted. Under the two working conditions in this study, the deviations of outlet temperature between numerical and experimental results are 1.3 and 2.2 K, respectively, while the deviations of total condensate water flow are 8.5% and 5.5%, respectively. Under the drier working condition, the average temperature reduction per row of tubes in the first small heat exchanger where is no condensation is significantly higher than that in the third small heat exchanger where vapor starts to condense, 5.8 and 2.6 K, separately. It indicates that the release of latent heat of vaporization slows down the cooling rate of the flue gas. In the small heat exchanger where vapor starts to condense, the amount of condensate water on the wall of each row of tubes increases first and then decreases slowly along the flow direction of flue gas. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat exchangers

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Reduction kinetics of SrFeO_(3−δ)/CaO∙MnO nanocomposite as effective oxygen carrier for chemical looping partial oxidation of methane

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2022年第12期16卷 1726-1734页

作者： Xinhe Wang Liuqing Yang Xiaolin Ji Yunfei Gao Fanxing Li Junshe Zhang Jinjia Wei State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Clean Coal Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Chemical looping reforming of methane is a novel and effective approach to convert methane to syngas,in which oxygen transfer is achieved by a redox *** lots of efforts have been made to develop high-performance redox materials,a few studies have focused on the redox *** this work,the kinetics of SrFeO_(3−δ)–CaO∙MnO nanocomposite reduction by methane was investigated both on a thermo-gravimetric analyzer and in a packed-bed *** the methane reduction,combustion occurs before the partial oxidation and there exists a transition between *** weight loss due to combustion increases,but the transition region becomes less inconspicuous as the reduction temperature *** weight loss associated with the partial oxidation is much larger than that with *** rate of weight loss related to the partial oxidation is well fitted by the Avrami–Erofeyev equation with n=3(A3 model)with an activation energy of 59.8 kJ∙mol^(‒1).The rate law for the partial oxidation includes a solid conversion term whose expression is given by the A3 model and a methane pressure-dependent term represented by a power *** partial oxidation is half order with respect to methane *** proposed rate law could well predict the reduction kinetics;thus,it may be used to design and/or analyze a chemical looping reforming reactor.

关键词： chemical looping reforming SrFeO_(3−δ) CaO·MnO nanocomposite reduction kinetics Avrami–Erofeyev model pressure-dependent term

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Experimental Investigation of the Photovoltaic Thermal (Pvt) Integrated with Ground Heat Exchanger (Ghe) Using Volcanic Tuff Stones

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Alqatamin, Ahmad Jinzhan, S.U. International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

This study investigates the combination of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) and ground heat exchanger (GHE) using volcanic tuff stones as a heat storage material if the combination of PVT and GHE technologies provides the potential for energy generation increased efficiency and performance. Volcanic tuff stones known for their high thermal conductivity and heat retention, act as an effective means of heat exchange in the system. The objective of the study is to investigate the electrical, thermal performance and efficiency of this integrated system. Where the ground heat exchanger comprises a single hole filled with volcanic tuff stones arranged strategically, featuring gaps between them to facilitate heat exchange. The hole dimensions are specified as 2.5 meters in length, 2 meters in width, and 3 meters in depth. A fan is situated at the exit square duct (400*400 mm) to extract ambient air. Experimental data was collected from the PVT-GHE system to evaluate its efficiency in harnessing solar energy and providing space heating or other heating applications and compared it with a traditional PVT system. The results show that integrating GHE into PVT systems dramatically decreases solar cell temperature and improves electrical efficiency. A PVT system with GHE had the maximum electrical efficiency at 17.99%, compared to 17.52% in a PVT system without GHE. In addition, the greatest possible electrical power in a PVT system with GHE was 65 W, but in a PVT system without GHE, it was 61W. Also, the outlet air temperature from GHE was consistently higher than the ambient temperature throughout the days of the experiment, with an average difference of about 10 ºC. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solar energy

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Progress and key challenges in catalytic combustion of lean methane

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第12期75卷 173-215,I0005页

作者： Xiangbo Feng Lei Jiang Danyang Li Shaopeng Tian Xing Zhu Hua Wang Chi He Kongzhai Li Xi’an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photoelectronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device School of ScienceXijing UniversityXi’an 710123ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093YunnanChina Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093YunnanChina State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material&Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

As a primary type of clean energy,methane is also the second most important greenhouse gas after CO_(2)due to the high global warming *** quantities of lean methane(0.1–1.0 vol%)are emitted into the atmosphere without any treatment during coal mine,oil,and natural gas production,thus leading to energy loss and greenhouse *** general,it is challenging to utilize lean methane due to its low concentration and flow instability,while catalytic combustion is a vital pathway to realize an efficient utilization of lean methane owing to the reduced emissions of polluting gases(e.g.,NOxand CO)during the *** particular,to efficiently convert lean methane,it necessitates both the designs of highly active and stable heterogeneous catalysts that accelerate lean methane combustion at low temperatures and smart reactors that enable autothermal operation by optimizing heat *** this review,we discuss the in-depth development,challenges,and prospects of catalytic lean methane combustion technology in various configurations,with particular emphasis on heat management from the point of view of material design combined with reactor *** target is to describe a framework that can correlate the guiding principles among catalyst design,device innovation and system optimization,inspiring the development of groundbreaking combustion technology for the efficient utilization of lean methane.

关键词： Lean methane combustion Catalyst design Heat management Reactor optimization Catalytic mechanism

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A framework of the transport model for high-order eddy viscosity tensor in two-dimensional turbulent flow

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhou, Xingguang Zhang, Dalin Tian, Wenxi Su, Guanghui Qiu, Suizheng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'An710049 China

Motivated by the concept of eddy viscosity tensor in improved Boussinesq hypothesis, a transport model of high-order eddy viscosity tensor in 2D-3C turbulence structure is derived from the second-order moment model by tensorial analysis. Compared with the previous high-order eddy viscosity tensor mathematical model [1-3] for turbulent flow under special operating conditions, we have obtained a general high-order eddy viscosity tensor transport model, which can show the anisotropy and transport characteristics of Reynolds stress. The transport equation of a high-order eddy viscosity tensor includes the transient term, convection term, production term, diffusion term, positive-definite source term, and dissipation term. In addition, when the components of high-order eddy viscosity tensor are positive or negative, the physical meaning of the source terms is also discussed. Two numerical simulation cases are also interpreted to verify the model. First, we apply the transport model of high-order eddy viscosity to the numerical calculation analysis of two-dimensional straight channel turbulent flow, and the results show that this model can effectively characterize the anisotropy of Reynolds stress. With a combination of analytical and numerical methods, we analyze the flow fields and the components of high-order eddy viscosity tensor to investigate the evolution law of high-order eddy viscosity tensor. The characteristics of the principal components and tensorial invariance of dimensionless Reynolds stress anisotropy tensor of two-dimensional straight channel turbulent flow also have been investigated with the Lumley triangle [4,5]. The results show that this model has a good agreement with the DNS calculation results for the characteristics of dimensionless Reynolds stress anisotropy tensor. Then, we make the numerical investigation for a two-dimensional planar asymmetric diffuser and compare the results with the experiments of Obi *** [6]. The transport model can reso

关键词： Tensors

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Study on the thermal and geometrical parameters of helical coil once-through steam generator system

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 80-96页

作者： Yao, Hao Chen, Guo Lu, Kailin Liao, Haoyu Wu, Yingwei Tian, Wenxi Su, Guanghui Qiu, Suizheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610226 China

Due to the special structure, helical coil once-through steam generators (HCOTSGs) can withstand greater thermal expansion stress, have a larger heat exchange area, and cause the secondary flow phenomenon to improve the heat transfer capacity. Thus, it is inevitable to further study the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the HCOTSG, a vital component of reactors. The optimal physical models were selected for different heat transfer areas by detailed investigation and comparison, to adopt in the TACS, a self-developed thermal-hydraulic analysis code that is accurate and widely-used in HCOTSG simulation. After verification with experiments of Santini, taking the IRIS reactor as the object, the TACS was employed to briefly study the thermal-hydraulic performances of the HCOTSG system at first, and then discuss the influences of thermal and geometric parameters on the HCOTSG. The analysis results showed that: the variation of the primary flow rate greatly affects the heat transfer coefficient of the primary side, while the maximum value of the heat transfer coefficient of the secondary side only changes drastically with the secondary flow rate;when the primary side flow drops to 70%, superheated steam is not generated on the secondary side;when the secondary mass flow rate decreases to a certain extent, the steam superheat degree increases by a small amplitude;the primary side inlet temperature has a little influence on the primary temperature difference, but significant influence on the two-phase zone length of the secondary side;the secondary inlet temperature has very little influence on the HCOTSG system;the inner diameter and the outer diameter of helical tubes have obvious influences, while the helical diameter has not. © 2021 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Heat transfer coefficients

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A Numerical Approach for Inlet-Outlet Boundary Conditions with Least-Square Moving Particle Explicit (Lsmpe) Method on Gpu

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ren, Qianyong Cao, Sheng Wang, Wenpeng Zhang, Bin Shan, Jianqiang Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

The study introduces a method for managing inlet and outlet boundary conditions using the Least-Square moving particle explicit method (LSMPE). A high-precision least squares discrete method was applied to the moving particle explicit method (MPE) based on predictive-corrected pressure. The code was accelerated using OpenACC for parallelization. Special boundary treatments were applied to minimize errors induced by boundaries, including particle number density correction for inlet particles, addressing slip or nonslip boundaries, and introducing concept particles at the outlet. The stability and accuracy of this method were validated through three cases. Simulation results for Poiseuille flow and circular flow demonstrated the method’s good precision, exhibiting stable pressure fields. Results from single-phase flow simulations through a porous medium bed agreed well with predictions from the Ergun equation, highlighting the method’s potential for practical engineering applications © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Porous materials

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Editorial: multiphase flow in energy studies and applications—A special issue for MTCUE-2022

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Physics of Fluids 2023年第7期35卷 1-7页

作者： Zhu, Li-Tao Xu, Fei Jin, Hui Xiong, Qingang Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z3 Canada School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Electronics Business Unit Ansys Inc. AustinTX78746 United States State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China

Establishing a clean, low-carbon, and efficient energy system is paramount for the sustainable development of industries and human society. multiphase flows are encountered extensively in various energy applications, including transportation, conversion, and utilization of fossil, renewable, hydrogen, and nuclear energies. These flows encompass a wide range of phenomena, such as fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, combustion, and chemical reactions. However, multiphase flows are highly intricate due to the coexistence of multiple phases, states, and components, as well as the interactions among them that occur across diverse spatiotemporal scales. Consequently, both academia and industry face significant challenges in comprehending and harnessing multiphase flows. Thus, establishing connections between basic research and industrial applications in the field of multiphase flows is fundamental and indispensable for advancements in energy science and technologies. © 2023 Author(s).

关键词： multiphase flow

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