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An overview of application-oriented multifunctional large-scale stationary battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system

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Energy Reviews 2024年第2期3卷 63-87页

作者： Yuchen Yang Zhen Wu Jing Yao Tianlei Guo Fusheng Yang Zaoxiao Zhang Jianwei Ren Liangliang Jiang Bo Li School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049PR China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049PR China Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2092South Africa Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryABT2N 1N4Canada School of Engineering University of KentKentCT27NZUK

The imperative to address traditional energy crises and environmental concerns has accelerated the need for energy structure ***,the variable nature of renewable energy poses challenges in meeting complex practical energy *** address this issue,the construction of a multifunctional large-scale stationary energy storage system is considered an effective *** paper critically examines the battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage *** technologies face limitations hindering them from fully meeting future energy storage needs,such as large storage capacity in limited space,frequent storage with rapid response,and continuous storage without ***,with their rapid response(<1 s)and high efficiency(>90%),excel in frequent short-duration energy ***,limitations such as a self-discharge rate(>1%)and capacity loss(~20%)restrict their use for long-duration energy ***,as a potential energy carrier,is suitable for large-scale,long-duration energy storage due to its high energy density,steady state,and low ***,it is less efficient for frequent energy storage due to its low storage efficiency(~50%).Ongoing research suggests that a battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system could combine the strengths of both technologies to meet the growing demand for large-scale,long-duration energy *** assess their applied potentials,this paper provides a detailed analysis of the research status of both energy storage technologies using proposed key performance ***,application-oriented future directions and challenges of the battery and hydrogen hybrid energy storage system are outlined from multiple perspectives,offering guidance for the development of advanced energy storage systems.

关键词： Hybrid energy storage system Battery Hydrogen Stationary Large-scale Multifunctional

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Comparative Life Cycle Analysis of Battery Energy Storage Technologies for Grid Applications: Case Study in China 35

Comparative Life Cycle Analysis of Battery Energy Storage Te...

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35th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, ECOS 2022

作者： Han, Xiaoqu Li, Yanxin Chang, Hongzhang Chen, Nana Huang, Xiaofan Tang, Xiaoping Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9788774756989

With ever increasing penetration of renewable energy sources into the power grid, the development and commercialization of large-scale energy storage system (ESS) have been accelerated. It is of great significance to evaluate the sustainability of ESSs for grid applications. In the present work, a comprehensive life cycle inventory analysis model, which involves the manufacturing, usage, transportation and recycling processes, was developed for lithium iron phosphate battery (LIPB), nickel manganese cobalt oxide battery (NMCB) and vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The functional unit was 1MWh of delivered energy from ESS to the grid. The ReCiPe 2016 (H) method was selected and data analysis was carried out in SimaPro software. The global warming potential (GWP) of LIPB, NMCB and VRFB in the grid peak-shaving scenario were obtained as 129 kgCO2-eq/MWh, 146 kgCO2-eq/MWh and 365 kgCO2-eq/MWh, respectively. GWP of different batteries in renewable energy sources (photovoltaic and wind power) was also predicted based on the developed model. The key materials that contributed significantly to GWP were also identified. Moreover, the future trend in GWP was analyzed based on the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. It is indicated that GWP of LIPB, NMCB and VRFB in the announced pledges scenario could be reduced to approximately 75% in 2030, and 24%~41% in 2050, respectively. Parametric analysis was then carried out, indicating that the round-trip efficiency and number of daily cycles exhibited the significant influence. The results would promote the environment, policy and business model optimization for large-scale energy storage in the low-carbon power systems. © Proceedings of ECOS 2022 - 35th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems.

关键词： Life cycle

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Thermal-hydraulic performance evaluation of annular fuel based on modified FROBA-ANNULAR

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 108-118页

作者： Li, Chenxi Liao, Haoyu Wu, Yingwei Tian, Wenxi Su, G.H. Qiu, Suizheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

In this study, based on the modification of the pellet cladding mechanical interaction, gap closure process, and the cladding water corrosion model, Fuel Rod Behavior Analysis-ANNULAR (FROBA-ANNULAR) was uprated. The modified code was verified with FRAPCON-ANNULAR and ABAQUS. The verification calculation was under low power density when both two gaps were open. The calculation results showed good agreement. The modified code was then utilized to evaluate the annular fuel behavior, compared with the original code FROBA-ANNULAR. In this study, the annular fuel exhibits a much lower peak fuel temperature(about 900K). The different results for heat flux fraction(0.55 for the original code, 0.66 for the modified code) indicated that the gap closure process strongly affected the movement of the adiabatic pellet line. The internal pressure results (7.5 MPa for the original code, 6 MPa for the modified code) were also affected by the different assumptions. The results also showed that Zr's oxidation thickness and hydrogen concentration were related to both time and temperature. The higher the temperature was, the larger the oxidation rate was when the transition thickness was reached. © 2021

关键词： Heat flux

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Development of a three-dimensional method for thermal-hydraulics/neutronics coupling analysis and its application on CFETR helium-cooled solid breeder blanket

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2021年 3卷 154-165页

作者： Lian, Qiang Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology School of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Blankets are of practical importance in the fusion reactor due to their main functions for engineering application. As the fusion power designed for the Chinese Fusion engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is increased from 200 MW to 1.5 GW during its phase II operation, more challenges are issued for blankets from the points of view of thermal-hydraulics, neutronics, mechanics, and safety. In this paper, the Coupling Analysis of Thermal-hydraulics and Neutronics Interface Code (CATNIC) was developed using the user-defined function (UDF) in the CFD software FLUENT. The explicit coupling scheme based on cell-to-cell mapping approach was adopted to transfer data between neutronics calculation and thermal-hydraulics simulation. Three-dimensional thermal-hydraulic model and neutronics model were established using Fluent and MCNP4C, respectively. The helium-cooled solid breeder (HCSB) blanket of CFETR was simplified as a slice model to reduce the computing resources. With the slice model of CFETR HCSB blanket, the coupling analysis was carried out using the developed CATNIC. The calculation results from coupling and non-coupling analyses were compared to verify the feasibility of the coupling method in this study. As the helium coolant was considered as the transparent medium for neutron, the thermal-hydraulic and neutronics analyses were both converged after two iterations. However, using the developed coupling method in this study, the detailed change of tritium production ratio (TPR) and nuclear heat deposition in different parts of the blanket was revealed, which could provide important guidance for the design of the distribution for both coolant and purge gas. © 2021 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Coolants

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Deactivation of V2O5–WO3–TiO2 SCR Catalyst by HF During Co-Firing Electrolytic Aluminum Waste with Coal 9th

Deactivation of V2O5–WO3–TiO2 SCR Catalyst by HF During Co...

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9th International Symposium on Coal Combustion, ISCC 2019

作者： Zhu, Zhengrong Ma, Shihao Wang, Yikun Zhang, Yan Qiu, Yuxiao Deng, Lei Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd Xi’an710032 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811616563

Fluorine-containing waste from the electrolytic aluminum industry would cause environmental pollutions if the waste is improperly disposed. It is important and urgent to develop a harmless treatment method for the waste. In this paper, co-firing electrolytic aluminum waste with coal was studied. And the deactivation of V2O5–WO3–TiO2 SCR catalyst by HF was investigated by a lab-scale experimental system. The results show that HF is harmful to the catalyst. The denitrification efficiency of catalyst sample which treated by flue gas with HF is reduced. The denitrification efficiency of sample increases with increasing work temperature and deactivation temperature. When the work temperature is 400 °C, the denitrification efficiency of catalyst sample is higher than 90%. Analysis by temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the definite dispersion of F on the surface of SCR catalysts. HF would lead to decrease specific surface areas, surface acidity, and oxidation–reduction ability. Although the concentrations of Oβ (surface adsorbed oxygen) increases owing to HF, which may interact with TiO2 to destroy the carrier structure. Meanwhile, there is a chemical deactivation for the influence of HF on V2O5 and WO3. © 2022, Tsinghua University Press.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Molecular dynamics study on bubble nucleation characteristics on rectangular Nano-Grooved surfaces

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Journal of Molecular Liquids 2025年 420卷

作者： Li, Zhibin Lou, Jiacheng Wu, Xiaoyi Li, Xujun Chang, Fucheng Wang, Hengyuan Li, Huixiong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China National Key Lab of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

The micro/nanoscale structures on metal surfaces are of significant research interest for boiling heat transfer and exhibit great application potential in the thermal management of high-power electronic devices. This study employs the molecular dynamics simulation method to investigate the boiling heat transfer characteristics of hydrophilic rectangular shallow nano-groove structures, comparing them with the smooth surface. The phase transition heat transfer characteristics of liquid films on the smooth surface, single rectangular groove (SRG) surface, and overlapping rectangular groove (ORG) surface are revealed by analyzing the variations of parameters such as energy contour diagrams, bubble volume, liquid film temperature, and average potential energy. The research results indicate that water molecules are in a solid-like state within shallow grooves, while the nucleation sites of initial bubbles form randomly outside the grooves. During the initial heating and bubble growth, the initial nucleation time and bubble growth rate of ORG are slower than those of SRG, due to the small rectangular groove on ORG that diminishes the energy transfer efficiency. During bubble formation and growth, the average kinetic energy within the liquid film fluctuates at the nucleation moment in the critical nucleation region, and the average potential energy rises from −0.083 eV. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the micro/nanoscale structure design of vapor-liquid phase transition thermal management devices. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Kinetic energy

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Numerical Study on Combustion and NOx Emission Characteristics of Co-Firing Semi-Coke and Coal in a Tangentially-Fired Utility Boiler 9th

Numerical Study on Combustion and NOx Emission Characteristi...

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9th International Symposium on Coal Combustion, ISCC 2019

作者： Feng, Qinqin Wang, Chang’an Wang, Pengqian Wang, Zhichao Yao, Wei Zhao, Lei Du, Yongbo Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. LTD Xi’an710054 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811616563

With the booming coal industry and the increasing production of semi-coke, a large number of small particles and powder pyrolysis semi-coke are urgent to be exploited. Co-firing semi-coke with coal is a potential approach to achieve clean and efficient utilization of such low-volatile fuel. In this paper, the co-combustion performance of semi-coke and coal in a 135 MW tangentially-fired boiler was investigated by numerical simulation. The influences of semi-coke blending ratio, blending mode and injection position on the combustion efficiency and NOx generation characteristics of the utility boiler were extensively analyzed. The simulation results indicated that the NOx emission at the furnace outlet was elevated and the burn-out ratio declined with an increase in semi-coke blending ratio. Different heights of semi-coke injected position could lead to different combustion efficiency and NOx emissions. The semi-coke was recommended to be injected from the middle layer of burners to obtain low carbon content in fly ash. The blending methods (in-furnace versus out-furnace) had certain impacts on the NOx emission and carbon content in fly ash. High burn-out ratio could be obtained when the semi-coke and coal were injected from different burners. © 2022, Tsinghua University Press.

关键词： Coal

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Vapor-liquid equilibrium of H2/CO2 and H2/N2/CO2 mixture, the liquefaction technology related to the supercritical water gasification products

Vapor-liquid equilibrium of H2/CO2 and H2/N2/CO2 mixture, th...

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International Multidisciplinary Conference on Computer and Energy Science (SpliTech)

作者： Hongtu Wu Hui Jin School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an China

In this paper, the dew point and liquid phase composition of H 2 /CO 2 and H 2 /CO 2 /N 2 mixtures at phase equilibrium calculated by PR-BM equation and Van Der Waal mixing rule with commercial MATLAB software are introduced, it is of theoretical significance for the wide application of the products of supercritical water gasification. First, the results obtained by the self-programming code are verified with the experimental data, the experimental data and simulation results of two kinds of CO 2 /H 2 mixtures and two kinds of CO 2 /N 2 /H 2 mixtures were compared. The average percentage deviation was 2.69%, 4.05%, 2.22%, 1.20%, respectively. Thus the absolute deviations of the mixtures are within the acceptable range, therefore, the model proposed in this paper can well predict the dew point of the mixtures composed of H 2 /CO 2 or H 2 /CO 2 /N 2 .Afterwards, the dew point and the CO 2 content in the liquid phase of common H 2 /CO 2 and H 2 /CO 2 /N 2 vapor mixtures in supercritical water gasification products were predicted, and a series of analysis and discussion were conducted on the predicted results finally.

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Spherical Particle Assumption Underestimates Fluid-Solid Reaction Rate

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhao, Shuaiqi Zhang, Rui Huang, Han Zhao, Kunpeng Bai, Bofeng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Fluid-solid reaction of porous particles is pivotal to many modern chemical industries from heterogeneous catalysis to solid gasification. Most studies usually assume the particles are spherical, and the morphology of the shrinking reaction fronts inside particles are invariant. However, the developed models cannot explain the recent experimental observations of the non-spherical particles reaction, and lead to significant estimation errors of reaction rate. Here, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) reaction-diffusion model inside the irregular-shaped particles, and investigate the universal fluid-solid reaction kinetics. Intrapore homogenous reactions, multi-species diffusion, the sphericity (φ) and 3D roundness (R3d) evolution of the reaction front morphology are fully accounted for. The numerical method has been experimentally validated. When compared with spherical particles, we found that particles have higher heat and species transfer efficiency with fluids through the irregular-shaped particle surfaces, and higher reaction rate through the irregular-shaped reaction fronts. Thus, the invariant reaction front morphology assumption overestimates the fluid-solid reaction rate by up to 52%, while the spherical particle assumption underestimates the reaction rate by up to 42%. A corrected correlation is thereby proposed to better estimate the average reaction rate and complete reaction time of the irregular-shaped particles. The underestimation of reaction rate by the spherical particle assumption is inversely proportional to φ1.7 of the initial particle morphology, and directly proportional to [[EQUATION]]. The present work provides an accurate theoretical method for the fluid-solid reaction kinetics, and a detailed description of the reaction front inside particles. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reaction rates

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Proposal and performance analysis on thermal energy storage systems with live and reheat steam as heat sources to co-enhance the operational flexibility and efficiency of coal-fired power plants

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Journal of Energy Storage 2025年 127卷

作者： Yang, Shuokang Liu, Ming Zhang, Kezhen Liu, Miaomiao Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Xi'an710054 China

The high penetration of intermittent renewable power threatens the steady operation of the power grid, and the operational flexibility of schedulable power plants should be enhanced. Thermal energy storage (TES) emerges as a promising technique to enhance the operational flexibility of coal-fired power plants (CFPPs). In this study, molten salt thermal storage systems utilizing live and reheat steam as heat sources were proposed, and the steam ejectors were integrated to recover the residual pressure of exhausted steam from the TES system to co-enhance the operational flexibility and energy efficiency of coal-fired power plants. Two TES system schemes, i.e., the scheme D1 storing medium-temperature heat to heat feedwater afterwards, and the scheme D2 storing high-temperature heat to generate steam afterwards, were designed. Then, simulation models were developed, and performance indicators were defined. Results indicate that the operational flexibility of the coal-fired power plant can be enhanced by the integration of the TES system, and the adjustable minimum load ratio can be decreased from 30 % to 17.71 % and 17.83 % for the schemes D1 and D2, respectively. When the steam ejectors are integrated, the equivalent round-trip efficiency can be increased by 1.60 % and 2.43 % for schemes D1 and D2, respectively. The scheme D2 shows a higher equivalent round-trip efficiency of 46.69 %, surpassing the scheme D1. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Fossil fuel power plants

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